• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.2
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• pp.258-263
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for forest roads management by using AHP methodology to group the grade of disaster risk. In addition to this, a field study was performed at 114 targeted points on forest roads where there are high risks of disaster occurrence. The results of the field survey and the analysis of AHP were compared to provide the degree of disaster risks. It shows that the drainage facilities occupied the highest weighted value. Meanwhile, based on AHP analysis data, evaluation chart was created by providing evaluation criteria and evaluation score to each evaluation items. As a result of applying the evaluation chart to the field survey data, the highest score was 78.8 and the lowest score was 42.7 with the mean score of 61.8. Finally, through the experts' consultation based on calculated scores, this study proposed four different groups of disaster risk on forest roads.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.46-56
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• 2008

This study examined the natural restoration of vegetation through monitoring of the development of a vegetation community from 2006 through 2007 after a forest fire. Approximately 5,000 $m^2$ in a forest near Topyeon-ri, Kangnae-myeon, Chungcheongbuk-do with Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora) forest and its floor vegetation had been completely burned by a fire in April 2005. This area and another nearby Japanese red pine forest were selected as the experiment site and the control site, respectively. Vegetation survey was conducted at the experiment site and the control site. A seed bank experiment was carried out in the greenhouse to examine underground vegetation. Effective microorganism(EM) was applied to the seed bank experiment to estimate its effects on the direction of ecological succession. According to the results, a total of 36 plant species including shrub and herbaceous species were discovered in the experiment site. Quercus serrata, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, and Castanea crenata, Rubus crataegifolius, Oplismenus undulatifolius, and Carex lanceolata were among the most abundant species. Biomass in the experiment site reached 2.4 times biomass than those in the control site, indicating the productivities of shrub and herbaceous layers are better in the experiment site. According to the result of the soil seed bank experiment of the experiment site, a total of 182 plants of 14 species were recorded. In addition, a total of 13 plants of 2 species were found from soil seed bank of the experiment site applied by EM. If EM is applied to the burned site, it will control the budding of herbaceous plants, creating the gap between herbaceous plants. This loss of competition is expected to help the restoration of trees in the burned area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.1
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• pp.186-200
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data necessary for stakeholders to establish and promote policies related to the national forest trail. Awareness analysis was conducted on 800 visitors to the national forest trail, specifically to the Jirisan trail and Daegwallyeong forest trail, as well as 1,200 members of the public. Awareness of the national forest trail was low and at a similar level for both visitors and the general public; however, compared with the general public, the visitors had a higher need for the national forest trail system and were willing to visit and recommend the trail. The most common answers in response to the purpose of visit, reason for choosing the national trail, matters of interest, problems, necessary regulation, and role expectations were similar among the visitors and general public. Based on gender and age, there was a significant difference in the matters of interest and desired activity, but "scenery" was the most crucial factor. Therefore, after a comprehensive survey on the major view points, given that "scenery" was identified as an attractor, a system should be developed to identify and provide the information desired by visitors and the general public. These results are expected to be employed as basic data for stakeholders in decision making related to the national forest trail.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.411-416
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• 2020

Field investigations of forests are carried out by writing measured data by hand, and it is a hassle to reorganize the results after a field survey. In this study, a method using object modeling and augmented reality (AR) was applied in a test forest to increase the efficiency of a field investigations. Using a 3D laser scanner, data on were acquired 387 trees within an area of 1 ha at the study site. The coordinates, height, and diameter were calculated through object extraction and modeling of a tree. The proposed can reduce the time required to acquire data in the field and can be used as basic data for building related systems. In addition, the modeling results of trees and a survey using GNSS and AR techniques can be used check coordinates, labor, and attribute information, such as the chest height diameter of the trees being surveyed in the field. The shortcomings of the survey method could be improved. In the future, the method could greatly improve the efficiency of tree surveys and monitoring by reducing the manpower and time required for field surveys.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to understand the geographical and environmental distribution of wild animals in Baekdudaegan region using field survey and GIS data. Crucial factors were selected and analyzed to understand the distributional characteristics of wild animals (7 species in 6 families) and rare endemic plants (14 species in 11 families). These crucial factors include stand factors (forest type, DBH class, and crown density), soil factors (bed rock, soil texture, and organic matter), geographical factors (elevation, slope, aspect) and climatic factors (temperature, rain fall, humidity). Finally, 10 factors were selected by statistical analysis and categorized for analyzing geographical and environmental features. Four families such as Muridae, Sciuridae, Suidae and Talpidea in wild animal showed the similar habitat characteristics with the 10 factors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 2012

The Environmental Conservation Value Assessment Map (ECVAM) is a five grade assessment map created with nationally integrated environmental information and environmental values. The map is made through the evaluation of 65 items, including greenbelt area and naturalness. Naturalness means original state of nature, and it is one of the most important evaluation items for conserving nature. The criteria of naturalness includes the Degree of Green Naturality (DGN) made by MOE. Using the data which has been not updated is a problem of accuracy for ECVAM. Therefore, this study would like to improve the criteria of naturalness. To improve the criteria, the study examined the effectiveness of DGN using field survey. The results of analysis the naturalness without DGN, some area changed grade of naturalness have been already damaged or cleared for agriculture and industrial purposes. The grade of naturalness should be included the concept of vegetation transition like DGN. The study suggested a improved method using vegetation type (natural and planted forest), forest age, and the grade of vegetation conservation. The method was reviewed by experts and field survey. After applying the method in South Korea, the grade of naturalness were distributed evenly like GradeI is 38.87%, GradeII is 37.62%, GradeIII is 23.51%, respectively. From the results of field survey, over 4 grade of forest age in natural forest showed similar pattern of structure and composition in original forests. Therefore, the improved criteria explained the naturalness better than existing criteria, and the accuracy of ECVAM has been improved more.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.2
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• pp.283-291
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the public's preferences of different types of debris barriers and the impacts of construction materials, design, size, and planting on landscape preferences. On-site survey was carried out in Mt. Palgong during on December, 2009 and a total 122 visitors' data were analyzed. A total of 82 students Yeungnam and Donga University were also questioned in the classes during on December, 2009. Survey results showed that the debris barrier constructed with natural materials such as stone were more preferred and the level of planting around the debris barrier impacted most on the landscape preferences. The results imply that the importance of eco-friendly construction materials and methods has been increased in term of not only environmental conservation but also people's preferences. Therefore, the factors for enhancing landscape of debris barrier should be considered synthetically in terms of construction material, design, size, and planting level.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2017

In temperate monsoon regions, extensive shallow landslides triggered by heavy rainfall are recurrent phenomena in mountainous areas. 1,357 landslides over Jinbu area, Korea that totaled 127 km2 were identified from aerial photographs and field survey. We examined characteristics of rainfall-induced shallow landslides and casual factors affecting landslide distribution with respect to topographic and forest settings, and land use. Most landslides occurred in the study area were the results of a complex combination of precondition, preparatory factors and triggering factors. Cumulative rainfall and high intensity rainfall during short period of time made the study area very sensitive to landslides and played as catalysts to enable other factors including topographic and forest settings, and land use to act more effectively. In addition, some landslides at lower elevation involved channel incision or bank erosion influenced by land use changes such as deforestation and intensification of agriculture surrounding riparian forests or hillslopes. The results suggest that most of landslide were triggered by heavy rainstorms while topographic, forest settings, and land use affected landslide distribution occurred in the study area.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.347-354
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• 2014

This study was carried out to clarify the change of butterfly community after clear cutting. Butterfly survey was conducted in clear cutting area, forest road, and forest using line transect method from May to November in 2011. A total of 32 species and 398 individuals of butterflies were observed. Abundance of food niche breadth and habitat type was significantly higher in clear cutting area than in forest. Estimated species richness and species diversity were significantly higher in clear cutting area than in forest. In clear cutting area, Leptidea amurensis and Argynnis niobe, vulnerable species, were abundant. This result suggests that grasslands formed by clear cutting play an important role to increase butterfly diversity in forest ecosystem.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 1983

As Dr. Ogawa visited to Korea for joint research on Tricholoma matsutake, authors travelled 15 main producing districts of Tricholoma matsutake and had field survey on sample areas in these districts from September 23 to October 3 1981. The object of this investigation were to understand the actual conditions of pine forest and growing Tricholoma matsutake in Korea so as to find out relevant treatment of pine forest where the Tricholoma matsutake were growing. As a results, present environmental conditions such as weather, topography, soils, pine forest, vegetations, pine mushrooms(Tricholoma matsutake), other fungi and the relationship between Tricholoma matsutake and the diseases of pine forest were investigated. Model figures of topography and forest type on surveyed area have been drawn up. Some countermeasures to improve pine forest conditions in the aspect of producing Tricholoma matsutake were suggested through the prediction on the transition of pine forest.