• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2023

The extent of change in the Land use/Land cover (LULC) of Okomu National Park (ONP) and fringe communities was evaluated. High resolution Landsat imagery was used to identify the major vegetation cover/land use systems and changes around the national park and fringe communities while field visits/ground truthing, involving the collection of coordinates of the locations was carried out to ascertain the various land cover/land use types identified on the images, and the extent of change over three-time series (2000, 2010 and 2020). The change detection was analyzed using area calculation, change detection by nature and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The result of the classification and analysis of the LULC Change of ONP and fringe communities revealed an alarming rate of encroachment into the protected area. All the classification features analyzed had notable changes from 2000-2020. The forest, which was the dominant LULC feature in 2000, covering about 66.19% of the area reduced drastically to 36.12% in 2020. Agricultural land increased from 6.14% in 2000 to 34.06% in 2020 while vegetation (degraded land) increased from 27.18% in 2000 to 38.89% in 2020. The magnitude of the change in ONP and surroundings showed the forest lost -247.136 km² (50.01%) to other land cover classes with annual rate change of 10%, implying that 10% of forest land was lost annually in the area for 20 years. The NDVI classification values of 2020 indicate that the increase in medium (399.62 km² ) and secondary high (210.17 km² ) vegetation classes which drastically reduced the size of the high (38.07 km² ) vegetation class. Consequent disappearance of the high forests of Okomu is inevitable if this trend of exploitation is not checked. It is pertinent to explore other forest management strategies involving community participation.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.45-49
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• 2014

This study was tried to find out the applicability of decision support system for forest land use conversion, which developed based on algorithm for forest land-use conversion. Decision support system developed by Ministry of Safety Administration is free from the existing licensed laws omission. And it made the input requirements for each value of the final result so that you can determine whether the permit was available by the laws and regulations related to the algorithm for forest land use conversion. Also, in order to do field surveys, equal sampling interval method is used to extract samples for the operability by comparing and analyzing the actual area. As a result, 88 areas of total 100 areas are able to get permission by the decision support system for forest land use conversion, and it means if there is enough data with sufficient research, it can make the availability permits easily.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2009

한국에서의 유비쿼터스 기술의 적용은 U-City를 중심으로 확대되고 있는데, 앞으로는 U-Territory, U-Land 구축차원에서 U-Forest에 대한 정책적인 지원 및 체계적인 추진이 필요한 시점이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 U-Land와 U-Forest의 개념을 산림의 생산, 관리, 이용, 유통을 효율적으로 하기 위하여 유비쿼터스 기술을 활용하여 가치 있는 국가자원, 건강한 국토환경, 쾌적한 녹색공간을 구현하는 것으로 정의하고, U-Forest에 대한 전략을 수립하기 위해 산림기본계획과 k-Forest, FGIS 사업을 고찰하였으며, 이들과 연계한 서비스 모델의 도출을 제안하고, 단위서비스모델을 도출하였다. 또한 U-Forest 기본계획 수립의 필요성을 제시하고, U-Forest 기본계획 수립 시에 포함되어야 할 사항들을 제안하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2022

The study aims to determine the influencing factors and their impact on the management of the forest land used for production allotted to peasant households and proposes solutions to improve its management. Secondary data was calculated until the end of 2019 at state agencies. The primary data was collected through 2 steps. To determine the factors influencing forest land management for production, step one involved a survey of 100 households that were given access to forest land. Step 2 involved a survey of 215 households to determine how factors impacted the Likert scale's five levels. The study also used a multivariate regression model and SPSS24.0 software to determine the impact rates of factor groups. The study indicated 43 factors that belong to 11-factor groups affecting the management of forest land for production. The policy and legal factors group is the most influential, with an impact rate of 12.72%, followed by 10 other factor groups with impact rates ranging from 4.08% to 11.74%. The solutions include improving policies and laws, strengthening the dissemination of policies and laws; encouraging investment, completing cadastral work, intensifying inspection, examination, and sanctioning of administrative violations of land, upgrading the infrastructure system, and ensuring enough human resources to manage forest land.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2008

Recently, reckless exploitation of land resources without much consideration for the environmental value of the land has been witnessed to accommodate the ever-increasing demands for regional development. Fragmentation due to land development is a major reason for the declining biodiversity in forest ecosystems. The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the relationship between the factors of land development and forest fragmentation in 13 watersheds of a metropolitan area and (2) to suggest a forest management plan through the relationship. We carried out a factor analysis to determine explanatory axes of forest fragmentation, and then conducted a correlation analysis between the factor scores and the factor of land development, such as the rate of built-up areas, road density, number of built-up patches, and area of housing developments. The first explanatory axis represented stability of landscape highly related with the rate of the built-up area and road density. The second axis represented the level of fragment highly related with a number of built-up patches. Forest fragmentation patterns of the 13 watersheds were classified for the similarity in forest fragmentation. This study presents the forest management plans including distribution and level of land development and forest conservation.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.235-245
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• 1979

The land utilization of Korea composed about 22.7% of arable land, 66.9% of forest land and 10.4% for the rest like a house site, road, and lake etc. The ratio of arable land is too small as compared with forest land which is occuping two-thirds of Korea. The expansion of arable land by the reclamation will solve the food problems for increasing populations. First, we have to know the exact extents and distribution of reclaimable land but the reported total extent of reclaimable land in Korea is variable according to the authority which carried out the soil survey. The different reported data of reclaimable land is owing to the method and criteria of soil survey. 840,522ha in Land Capability Survey of the Farm Land Improvement Association and 321,203ha in the Forest Land Survey by the Office of Forest was reported but the Office of Rural Development said that total reclaimable land was 1,400,540ha including grazing and fruit land. To assume the extent of reclaimable land, the soil survey method and criteria of soil survey should be considered. It can be considered that the main reasons of less in extent of reclaimable land in the other authorities than the Office of Rural Development is due to the following. The grazing land and the fruits land are not included by the Farm Land Improvement Association and only relative forest is considered by the Office of Forest. The main purpose of soil survey carried out by the Office of Rural Development is to utilize land of Korea at most. The soil characteristics and potential productivity are considered in soil survey and the reported data was based on reconnaissance soil survey. The more accurate data will be find out by the end of 1979 when the detailed soil survey will be done. In selection of cropping system and management, the soil condition should be considered, because the soil characteristics of reslaimed land is less fertile than the arable lands.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 1982

1965년(年)과 1980년(年)에 촬영(撮影)한 항공사진(航空寫眞)을 이용(利用)하여 대관령지역(大關嶺地域)의 산지이용상태(山地利用狀態)가 15년간(年間) 어떻게 변천(變遷)하였는가를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같다. 1) 임지(林地), 경지면적(耕地面積)은 감소(減少)한 반면(反面), 초지면적(草地面積)은 3배(培) 이상(以上) 증가(增加)하였는데, 이는 대관령지역(大關嶺地域)의 입지조건(立地條件)이 목축업(牧畜業)에 적당(適當)하여 대단위(大單位) 초지(草地)가 조성(造成)된 데에 기인(起因)한다. 2) 임지(林地)가 초지(草地)나 경지(耕地)로 전환(轉換)된 것은 산지이용면(山地利用面)에서 개발효과(開發效果)가 크다고 하겠으나, 경지중(耕地中) 상당수(相當數)가 임지(林地)로 전환(轉換)된 현상(現狀)은 앞으로의 산지이용(山地利用)에 있어 고려(考慮)해야 할 점(點)이다. 3) 목축업(牧畜業)과 레저산업(産業) 등(等) 제산업(諸産業)의 발달(發達)은 이 지역발전(地域發展)에 크게 이바지하여 주댁(主宅), 축사(畜舍), 공공건물(公共建物) 등(等)이 증가(增加)하고 이 지역(地域) 상주인구(常住人口)가 증가하였다. 따라서 앞으로의 산지이용(山地利用)은 목재생산(木材生産)뿐만 아니라 국토보전(國土保全), 보건휴양(保健休養), 환경보전(環境保全) 등(等) 간접적(間接的) 효용(效用)을 증가(增加)시킬 수 있는 종합적(綜合的)이고 효율적(效率的)인 산림경영(山林經營)을 고려(考慮)하여 산지이용(山地利用) 계획(計劃)을 수립(樹立)하여야 한다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the effects of three land uses on soil properties in two soil layers; surface soil (0~15 cm) and subsoil (15~30 cm). Soil samples were collected from planted forest, barren lands and cultivated lands from different areas in Chittagong Cox's Bazar and analyzed for some physical and chemical properties. Results showed that soil textural class varied from sandy clay loam in planted forest and barren land site to sandy loam in cultivated soils. Maximum water holding capacity was higher in forest followed by barren land and the lowest in cultivated lands. At both soil depths, soils of cultivated land showed the highest values of bulk density (1.42 to $1.50g\;cm^{-3}$), followed by barren lands (1.37 to $1.46g\;cm^{-3}$) and the least (1.32 to $1.45g\;cm^{-3}$) in forest soils. Total porosity decreased with depth ranging from 40.24% to 41.53% in subsoils and from 42.04 to 43.23% in surface soil of cultivated and of planted forest sites respectively. The result further revealed that organic carbon (OC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents were higher in the planted forest soil than in other two land uses. The soils of all land uses under study are acidic in nature and the lowest pH was found in both surface and subsoils of barren land. Cultivated soil contained the highest amount of available P, Ca, Mg and K in both surface soil and subsoils. In contrast, barren site had the lowest contents of available P, Ca, Mg and K in both layers. The soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N storage were higher in planted forest than in barren and cultivated land uses.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-66
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• 1985

Korea needs proper and rational public policies on conservation and use of forest land and other natural resources because of the accelerating expansion of national land developments in recent years. Unfortunately, there is no systematic planning system to support the needs. Generally, forest land use planning needs suitability analysis based on efficient land classification system. The goal of this study was to classify a forest land using multivariate satistical methods. A case study was carried out in winter of 1983 on a mountainous area higher than 100m above sea level located at Mt. Kwanak in Anyang -city, Kyung-gi-do (province). The study area was 19.80 km$^2$wide and was divided into 1, 383 Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU's) by a 120m$\times$120m grid. Fourteen descriptors were identified and quantified for each OTU from existing national land data : elevation, slope, aspect, terrain form, geologic material, surface soil permeability, topsoil type, depth of the solum, soil acidity, forest cover type, stand size class, stand age class, stand density class, and simple forest soil capability class. For this study, a FORTRAN IV program was written for input and output map data, and the computer statistics packages, SPSS and BMD, were used to perform the multivariate statistical analysis. Fourteen variables were analyzed to investigate the characteristics of their fire quench distribution and to estimate the correlation coefficients among them. Principal component analysis was executed to find the dimensions of forest land characteristics, and factor scores were used for proper samples of OTU throughout the study area. In order to develop the classes of forest land classification based on 102 surrogates, cluster and discriminant analyses of principal descriptor variable matrix were undertaken. Results obtained through a series of multivariate statistical analyses were as follows ; 1) Principal component analysis was proved to be a useful tool for data selection and identification of principal descriptor variables which represented the characteristics of forest land and facilitated the selection of samples.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2017

This study aimed to predict changes in forest area using a probability density function, in order to promote effective forest management in the area north of the civilian control line (known as the Minbuk area) in Korea. Time series analysis (2010 and 2016) of forest area using land cover maps and accessibility expressed by distance covariates (distance from buildings, roads, and civilian control line) was applied to a probability density function. In order to estimate the probability density function, mean and variance were calculated using three methods: area weight (AW), area rate weight (ARW), and sample area change rate weight (SRW). Forest area increases in regions with lower accessibility (i.e., greater distance) from buildings and roads, but no relationship with accessibility from the civilian control line was found. Estimation of forest area change using different distance covariates shows that SRW using distance from buildings provides the most accurate estimation, with around 0.98-fold difference from actual forest area change, and performs well in a Chi-Square test. Furthermore, estimation of forest area until 2028 using SRW and distance from buildings most closely replicates patterns of actual forest area changes, suggesting that estimation of future change could be possible using this method. The method allows investigation of the current status of land cover in the Minbuk area, as well as predictions of future changes in forest area that could be utilized in forest management planning and policymaking in the northern area.