• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.5-15
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• 2004

정밀한 기초설계를 위하여 지중연직응력분포를 파악하는 것은 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 지표면 재하에 의한 사질토지반의 지중연직응력 증가량에 대한 Boussinesq의 이론을 고찰하기 위하여 일련의 실내모형시험을 수행하였으며 Boussinesq의 이론값을 실측값과 비교하였다. Boussinesq의 이론값은 깊이에 관계없이 기초판 하부에서는 실측값보다 작았다 기초판의 바깥부분에서는 기초폭의 1.0배의 깊이에서는 이론값은 실측값보다 컸으나 기초폭의 2.0배 및 3.0배의 깊이에서는 이론값과 실측값이 거의 비슷해지는 경향이었다. 가해진 단위면적당 하중에 대한 지중연직응력은 하중이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 이러한 경향들은 상대밀도나 기초폭에 관계없이 나타났다. Boussinesq의 이론을 이용할 때 이와 같은 결과를 감안하여 이론값을 보정하면 보다 정확한 값을 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.363-377
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• 2013

Any structure constructed on the earth is supported by the underlying soil. Foundation is an interfacing element between superstructure and the underlying soil that transmits the loads supported by the foundation including its self weight. Foundation design requires evaluation of safe bearing capacity along with both immediate and long term settlements. Weak and compressible soils are subjected to problems related to bearing capacity and settlement. The conventional method of design of footing requires sufficient safety against failure and the settlement must be kept within the allowable limit. These requirements are dependent on the bearing capacity of soil. Thus, the estimation of load carrying capacity of footing is the most important step in the design of foundation. A number of theoretical approaches, in-situ tests and laboratory model tests are available to find out the bearing capacity of footings. The reliability of any theory can be demonstrated by comparing it with the experimental results. Results from laboratory model tests on square footings resting on sand are presented in this paper. The variation of bearing capacity of sand below a model plate footing of square shape with variation in size, depth and the effect of permissible settlement are evaluated. A steel tank of size $900mm{\times}1200mm{\times}1000mm$ is used for conducting model tests. Bearing capacity factor $N_{\gamma}$ is evaluated and is compared with Terzaghi, Meyerhof, Hansen and Vesic's $N_{\gamma}$ values. From the experimental investigations it is found that, as the depth of sand cushion below the footing ($D_{sc}$) increases, ultimate bearing capacity and settlement values show an increasing trend up to a certain depth of sand cushion.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2004

최근 들어 기초지반 하부를 보강하는 방법으로 4층 또는 5층으로 보강재를 수평으로 배치하여 지지력을 증가시키는 공법이 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기초하부 지반을 보강함으로서 지반이 갖는 전단강도 정수를 증가시키는 방법을 검토한 것이다. 그래서 지반을 구형 또는 반원형으로 토목섬유를 사용하여 감싸는 공법을 개발하게 되었는데 이는 흡사 확대기초 밑에 또 하나의 확대기초가 존재하는 양상이 된다. 이러한 토목섬유보강 확대기초의 지지력에 대한 메카니즘을 검토하기 위해서 알루미늄봉을 이용한 모형재하시험을 실시하였다. 모형재하시험에서 제안된 토목섬유보강 확대기초를 만들어서 하중을 직접 재하함으로서 극한지지력의 증가정도를 확인하였으며, 또한 격자표시법에 의해 지반의 점들이 이동하는 방향 등을 점검하였고, B-Shutter 촬영법을 이용하여 소성파괴가 일어나는 영역을 확인하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.525-538
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• 2022

This paper presents a more general model for T-shaped combined footings that support two columns aligned on a longitudinal axis and each column provides an axial load and two orthogonal moments. This model can be applied to the following conditions: (1) without restrictions on its sides, (2) a restricted side and (3) two opposite sides restricted. This model considers the linear soil pressure. The recently published works have been developed for a restricted side and for two opposite sides restricted by Luévanos-Rojas et al. (2018a, b). The current model considers the uniform pressure distribution because the position of the resultant force coincides with the center of gravity of the surface of the footing in contact with the soil in direction of the longitudinal axis where the columns are located. This paper shows three numerical examples. Example 1 is for a T-shaped combined footing with a limited side (one column is located on the property boundary). Example 2 is for a T-shaped combined footing with two limited opposite sides (the two columns are located on the property boundary). Example 3 is for a T-shaped combined footing with two limited opposite sides, one column is located in the center of the width of the upper flange (b₁/2=L₁), and other column is located at a distance half the width of the strip from the free end of the footing (b₂/2=b-L₁-L). The main advantage of this work over other works is that this model can be applied to T-shaped combined footings without restrictions on its sides, a restricted side and two opposite sides restricted. It also shows the deficiencies of the current model over the new model.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2023

This work presents a complete optimal model for trapezoidal combined footings that support a concentric load and moments around of the "X" and "Y" axes in each column to obtain the minimum area and the minimum cost. The model presented in this article considers a pressure diagram that has a linear variation (real pressure) and the equations are not limited to some cases. The classic model takes into account a concentric load and the moment around of the "X" axis (transverse axis) that is applied due to each column, i.e., the resultant force is located at the geometric center of the footing on the "Y" axis (longitudinal axis), and when the concentric load and moments around of the "X" and "Y" axes act on the footing is considered the uniform pressure applied on the contact surface of the footing, and it is the maximum pressure. Four numerical problems are presented to find the optimal design of a trapezoidal combined footing under a concentric load and moments around of the "X" and "Y" axes due to the columns: Case 1 not limited in the direction of the Y axis; Case 2 limited in the direction of the Y axis in column 1; Case 3 limited in the direction of the Y axis in column 2; Case 4 limited in the direction of the Y axis in columns 1 an 2. The complete optimal design in terms of cost optimization for the trapezoidal combined footings can be used for the rectangular combined footings considering the uniform width of the footing in the transversal direction, and also for different reinforced concrete design codes, simply by modifying the resisting capacity equations for moment, for bending shear, and for the punching shear, according to each of the codes.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 강관 말뚝 두부보강 방법으로 사용되고 있는 용접방법과 훅형방법의 성능평가를 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 실험은 강관 말뚝 두부 연결부에 작용하는 대표적 하중인 압축과 수평하중에 대한 정적 재하실험과 인장실험으로 구분하여 수행하였다. 압축하중은 강관말뚝이 부담하는 주된 하중이며, 수평력은 지진하중을 고려하여 설계할 때 필수적으로 검토하여야 한다. 또한, 강관 파일 두부연결부의 인장내력은 안전성 검토에 있어서 중요한 요인으로 고려되고 있다.강관 말뚝 두부보강 성능평가 실험에서 고려된 실험변수는 Table 1과 같이 두부보강방법인 훅형과 용접형을 고려하였다. Table 1에 실험체 일람을 나타내었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.169-174
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• 1994

This paper presents the results of a parametric study on the bearing capacity behavior of a footing located above geogrid-reinforced ground using the finite element method of analysis. A wide range of boundary conditions were analyzed, with varing geogrid design parameters such as depth of geogrid layer, length and siffness of geogrid, and number of geogrid layer, were analyzed. Based on the results of analysis, the optimum geogrid design parameters were determined, which maximize the reinforcing effect of geogrid reinforcement for a given conidition. Furthermore, the mechanistic behavior of a geogrid-reinforced ground subjected to a footing load was discussed using the results of analysis such as stress distribution, propagation of plastic yielding, displacement vector among others.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.469-485
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• 2014

A series of bearing capacity tests was conducted with eccentrically loaded model surface and shallow strip footings resting close to a slope to investigate behavior of such footings (ultimate loads, failure surfaces, load-displacement curves, rotation of footing, etc.). Ultimate loads of footing close to slope decreased with increasing eccentricity for both surface and shallow footings. Failure surfaces were not symmetrical, primary failure surfaces occurred on the eccentricity side (the slope side) and secondary failure surfaces occurred on the other side. Lengths of failure surfaces decreased with increasing eccentricity. Footings always rotated towards eccentricity side a few degrees. For eccentrically loaded footing, decrease in ultimate load with increasing eccentricity is roughly in agreement with Customary Analysis.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제21권B호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2001

This paper is experimental and numerical research about the sliding behavior of cantilever retaining walls resisting surcharge loads. In experimental research, centrifuge model tests at the lg and 40 g-level were performed by changing the location of model footing and its width. Bearing capacity of model footing and characteristics of load-settlement and load-lateral displacement of retaining wall were investigated. Test results of bearing capacity were compared with modified jarquio method, based on the limit equilibrium method with elasticity theory. For the numerical analysis, the commericially available program of FLAC was used by implementing the hyperbolic constitutive relationships to compare with test result about load-settlement and load-displacement of retaining wall, bearing capacity of strip footing.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.739-744
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• 2018

This paper presents the results of numerical modeling studies on the effect of displacements of tunneling in granular soils. Presence of building loads is considered, to find displacement generated at the surface on tunnel. Effect of varying eccentricities of building is simulated, to find influence of building on vertical and horizontal displacement. Studies were carried out in two cases of with and without a geosynthetic layer installed at the bottom of the footing. Results of analysis revealed, the presence of geosynthetic layer under footing, with building placed on centre line, reduced the surface displacements compared to displacement generated without geosynthetic layer. Presence of geosynthetic layer under footing had a dominant effect in reducing displacements in high storey structures. However, when the building was shifted to greater eccentricities from centre line, presence of geosynthetic layer, led to insignificant reduction of displacements on the centre line at the surface.