• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.131-134
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• 2006

Quality of narrowband speech $(0{\sim}4kHz)$ can be enhanced by the bandwidth expansion technique, by which the high- band components are estimated. This paper proposes the bandwidth expansion method using the spline codebook based spectral folding. For the performance evaluation, the PESQ(Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality) scores are measured as the objective measurement In addition, the MOS (Mean Opinion Score) and the preference tests are performed as the subjective measurement. The results show our proposed method outperforms the existing spline based one.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.787-800
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• 2020

This study aims to derive the criteria of folding techniques and their characteristics through analysis of literature and previous studies. This will be realized by performing a case study on male fashion design and folding. It will propose diverse directions and data for male fashion design, by making men's jackets using a folding technique. The concept and terms of folding were clarified through examination of existing literature and previous studies. Specifically, four pieces were created with motifs of the four seasons. Among the types of pleats expressed in the works, composition pleats include double ruffles, gathers, and draperies, while processed ones include box pleats, knife pleats, and accordion pleats. This study expresses continuity, fluidity, scalability, and ambiguity through the use of such pleats. The results of the production are as follows. First, in terms of the continuous use of regular and repetitive pleats, a possibility of rich pleats was confirmed because they varied depending on the gap between the pleat and target material. Second, in liquid but irregular pleats, diverse moods were created by the pleat movement. The overlapping of repeated pleats expresses diverse spaces and shapes in a 3D extended silhouette. Third, in pleat classification, ambiguity was confirmed with the use of continuous accordion pleats in the printed gradation fabric. It is anticipated that more diverse and creative designs could be created using more extended techniques in future studies.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.70-72
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• 2016

The single-suture neochorda-folding plasty technique is a modification of existing mitral valve repair techniques. In the authors' experience, its simplicity, reliability, and versatility make it a useful technique for mitral valve repair, especially when a minimally invasive approach is used.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 LTE-Advanced, Software defined radio(SRD)등 4G 이동통신 핵심기술에 응용 가능한 10b 500MS/s $0.13{\mu}m$ CMOS A/D 변환기(ADC)를 제안한다. 제안하는 AD는 저전력 특성을 만족하기 위해 특별한 보정기법을 포함하지 않는 단일 채널 형태로 설계되었으며, 500MS/s의 고속 변환속도를 만족하기 위해 폴딩 신호처리 기법을 사용하였다. 또한 하위 7b ADC의 높은 folding rate(FR)을 극복하기 위해 cascaded 형태의 폴딩 인터폴레이팅 기법을 적용하였으며, 폴딩 버스에서 발생하는 기생 커패시턴스에 의한 주파수 제한 및 전압이득 감소를 최소화하기 위해 folded cascode 출력단을 갖는 폴딩 증폭기를 설계하였다. 제안하는 ADC는 $0.13{\mu}m$ lP6M CMOS 공정으로 설계되었으며 유효면적은 $1.5mm^2$이다. 시제품 ADC의 INL, DNL은 10b 해상도에서 각각 2.95LSB, 1.24LSB 수준으로 측정되었으며, 입력주파수 9.27MHz, 500MHz의 변환속도에서 SNDR은 54.8dB, SFDR은 63.4dBc의 특성을 보인다. 1.2V(1.5V)의 전원전압에서 주변회로를 포함한 전체 ADC의 전력소모는 150mW ($300{\mu}W/MS/s$)이다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제47권7호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 기존 폴딩 구조의 A/D 변환기(ADC)가 지닌 경계조건 비대칭 오차를 극복하기 위해 홀수개의 폴딩 블록을 사용한 1.2V 8b 800MSPS CMOS ADC를 제안한다. 제안하는 ADC는 저 전력소모를 위해 폴딩 구조에 저항열 인터폴레이션 기법을 적용하고, 높은 folding rate(FR=9)를 극복하기 위해 cascaded 폴딩 구조를 채택하였다. 특히 폴딩 ADC의 주된 문제인 아날로그 신호의 선형성 왜곡과 offset 오차 감소를 위해 홀수개의 폴딩 블록을 사용하는 신호처리 기법을 제안하였다. 또한 스위치를 사용한 ROM 구조의 인코더를 채택하여 $2^n$ 주기를 가지지 않는 디지털 코드를 일반적인 바이너리 코드로 출력하였다. 제안하는 ADC는 $0.13{\mu}m$ 1P6M CMOS 공정을 사용하여 설계되었으며, 유효면적은 870um$\times$980um이다. 입력주파수 10MHz, 800MHz의 변환속도에서 150mW의 낮은 전력소모 특성을 보이며 SNDR은 44.84dB (ENOB 7.15bit), SFDR은 52.17dB의 측정결과를 확인하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

본 논문에서는, 1.8V 8-bit 500MSPS CMOS A/D 변환기를 제안한다. 8-bit 해상도, 고속의 샘플링과 입력 주파수, 그리고 저 전력을 구현하기 위하여 Cascaded-Folding Cascaded-Interpolation type으로 설계되었다. 또한 본 연구에서는 고속 동작의 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 새로운 구조의 Digital Encoder, Reference Fluctuation을 보정하기 위한 회로, 비교기 자체의 Offset과 Feedthrough에 의한 오차를 최소화하기 위한 Averaging Resistor, SNR을 향상시키기 위한 Distributed Track & Hold를 설계하여 최종적으로 500MSPS의 A/D 변환기 출력 결과를 얻을 수가 있다. 본 연구에서는 1.8V의 공급전압을 가지는 $0.18{\mu}m$ 1-poly 5-metal N-well CMOS 공정을 사용하였고, 소비전력은 146mW로 Full Flash 변환기에 비해 낮음을 확인할 수 있었다. 실제 제작된 칩은 측정결과 500MSPS에서 SNDR은 약 43.72dB로 측정되었고, Static상태에서 INL과 DNL은 각각 ${\pm}1LSB$ 로 나타났다. 유효 칩 면적은 $1050um{\times}820um$의 면적을 갖는다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.776-793
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• 2014

This study attempted to figure out the usage of the modular system in other fields through literature review and empirical study, analyze its structural method in fashion. After analyzing architecture & product-related books, the Internet data and previous studies, the modular system's five structural methods were obtained. Then, 991 photos of women's clothes from 2003 to 2014 were collected through the fashion websites in Korea and abroad. The results can be summarized as follows: First, the following five structures were derived: assembling structure, overlapping structure, arrangement structure, inserting structure and folding structure. Second, according to analysis on the structural method of the modular system in modern fashion, overlapping structure (34%) was the most common. Third, in fashion, the use of fastener for installation and removal is important for assembling structure. In terms of overlapping structure, 3D volume by vertical accumulation was commonly observed. Arrangement structure revealed a horizontal and flat shape through simple arrangement. In inserting structure, on the contrary, non-standardized modules were used as a part of clothes or decorative elements. In folding structure, origami technique for reduction and expansion was used.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.452-459
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• 2005

Gas assisted injection molding (GAIM) is an innovative low-pressure injection molding technique that can provide numerous benefits such as reduced part warpage, excellent surface quality without sink marks, low injection pressure and greater design flexibility. However, adoptions of GAIM may cause unexpected defects since it requires many subtle design factors such as resin shot size, delay time and gas injection pressure, which wouldn't be considered in conventional injection molding process. Therefore, experiences applying GAIM should be collected and examined in order to establish design rules of the new technique. The purpose of this paper is to summarize developing cases of three automotive interior parts such as instrument panel, map pocket folding and center facia side panel so that possibilities and limitations of GAIM were examined. As a result, it is necessary to consider characteristics of GAIM at the initial stage of part design in order to obtain various advantages of the GAIM process without occurring severe defects, which would increase time and cost required to the part development.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.453-458
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• 2007

Bacterial luciferase is a heterodimeric enzyme, which catalyzes the light emission reaction, utilizing reduced FMN (FMNH2), a long chain aliphatic aldehyde and $O_2$, to produce green-blue light. This enzyme can be readily classed as slow or fast decay based on their rate of luminescence decay in a single turnover. Mutation of Glu175 in $\alpha$ subunit to Gly converted slow decay Xenorhabdus Luminescence luciferase to fast decay one. The following studies revealed that changing the luciferase flexibility and lake of Glu-flavin interactions are responsible for the unusual kinetic properties of mutant enzyme. Optical and thermodynamics studies have caused a decrease in free energy and anisotropy of mutant enzyme. Moreover, the role of Glu175 in transition state of folding pathway by use of stopped-flow fluorescence technique has been studied which suggesting that Glu175 is not involved in transition state of folding and appears as surface residue of the nucleus or as a member of one of a few alternative folding nuclei. These results suggest that mutation of Glu175 to Gly extended the structure of Xenorhabdus Luminescence luciferase, locally.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

Origami’s formative characteristics have been used in modern fashion design usefully. This article categorized origami expression methods by making technique as three category; producing methods, organized principles and expressive characteristics. And then, this article argued characteristics of fashion design used origami expression methods. Fashion design using origami expression methods had three characteristics; basic tailoring, decorative surface, fluidity & rhythm. The proceeding article on paper folding argued formative aspects of paper folding widely, while this study focused on origami’s basic expression methods in detail and clarified characteristics of fashion design used origami. This article’s originality existed in that point. And also a result of this study would be regarded as a important sources in design processing of fashion design.