• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2009

A method was proposed which employed control of the drop location of fertilizer particles on a spinner disc to optimize the spread pattern uniformity. The system contained an optical sensor as a feedback mechanism, which measured discharge velocity and location, as well as particle diameters to predict a spread pattern of a single disc. Simulations showed that the feed gate adaptation algorithm produced high quality patterns for any given application rate in the dual disc spreader. The performance of the feed gate control method was assessed using data collected from a Sulky spinner disc spreader. The results showed that it was always possible to find a spread pattern with an acceptable CV lower than 15%, even though the spread pattern was obtained from a rudimentary flat disc with straight radial vanes. A mathematical optimization method was used to find the initial parameter settings for a specially designed experimental spreading arrangement, which included the feed gate control system, for a given flow rate and swath width. Several experiments were carried out to investigate the relationship between the gate opening and flow rate, disc speed and particle velocity, as well as disc speed and predicted landing location of fertilizer particles. All relationships found were highly linear ($r^2$ > 0.96), which showed that the time-of-flight sensor was well suited as a feedback sensor in the rate and uniformity controlled spreading system.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권10호
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• pp.2605-2614
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• 1997

최근 고속 데이터 서비스에 대한 수요가 증대됨에 따라 이를 위한 효율적인 서비스에 대한 관심이 집중되고 있다. ATM 망에서는 고속전송과 트래픽 다중화를 하기 때문에 반응제어 보다는 예방제어에 중점을 두고 있으나, 망 내에서 데이터 트래픽의 예측할 수 없는 통계적 흐름과 버스등환 특성은 망에 제공되는 서비스 품질을 떨어뜨리고 과잉 밀집에 의해 폭주가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 반응적 제어 방법이 연구되어 왔다. 특히 ATM Forum에서는 새로운 ATM 서비스인 ABR(Available Bit Rate) 서비스의 트래픽 관리에 대한 표준화를 위해 많은 노력을 기울였다. ABR트래픽은 현재 셀의 상태 정보와 더불어 feedback 된 정보를 사용하여 트래픽 흐름을 제어하므로 사용자에게 체계적이고 동적으로 대역을 할당할 수 있게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 최근 ATM Forum에서 ABR 트래픽을 지원하는 방식으로 채택된 Rate 기법에 이중 임계치 버퍼 개념을 적용하여 ABR 트래픽 전송시의 성능 향상 기법을 제안하였다. 이중 임계치 버퍼는 버퍼내에 2개의 임계치를 설정하여 전송율 조절을 2곳에서 가능하게 한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1625-1636
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• 2017

A power electronic transformer (PET) based on the cascaded H-bridge (CHB) and the isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter (IBDC) is capable of accommodating a large scale battery energy storage system (BESS) in the medium-voltage grid, and is referred to as a power electronic transformer based battery energy storage system (PET-BESS). This paper investigates the PET-BESS and proposes a coordinative control strategy for it. In the proposed method, the CHB controls the power flow and the battery state-of-charge (SOC) balancing, while the IBDC maintains the dc-link voltages with feedforward implementation of the power reference and the switch status of the CHB. State-feedback and linear quadratic Riccati (LQR) methods have been adopted in the CHB to control the grid current, active power and reactive power. A hybrid PWM modulating method is utilized to achieve SOC balancing, where battery SOC sorting is involved. The feedforward path of the power reference and the CHB switch status substantially reduces the dc-link voltage fluctuations under dynamic power variations. The effectiveness of the proposed control has been verified both by simulation and experimental results. The performance of the PET-BESS under bidirectional power flow has been improved, and the battery SOC values have been adjusted to converge.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.916-921
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• 2003

In most industrial applications, the geometrical complexity is combined with the moving boundaries. These problems considerably increase the computational difficulties since they require, respectively, regeneration and deformation of the grid. As a result, engineering flow simulation is restricted. In order to solve this kind of problems the immersed boundary method was developed. In this study, the immersed boundary method is applied to the numerical simulation of stationary, rotating and oscillating cylinders in the 2-dimensional square cavity. No-slip velocity boundary conditions are given by imposing feedback forcing term to the momentum equation. Besides, this technique is used with a second-order accurate interpolation scheme in order to improve the accuracy of flow near the immersed boundaries. The governing equations for the mass and momentum using the immersed boundary method are discretized on the non-staggered grid by using the finite volume method(FVM). This study presents the possibility of the immersed boundary method to apply to the complex flow experienced in the industrial applications.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1223-1229
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• 2007

Flow traveling over a cavity opening forms a vortex due to unstable shear layer and induces an aerodynamic pressure excitation from the diffusion of the vortex convecting out of the trailing edge of the opening. The interaction between the excitation force and the cavity response sustains resonance in the resonator(cavity) and locked-in vortex shedding at the leading edge of the opening. The aerodynamic excitation force can be described from the diffusion of the vortex over the trailing edge and the level of its diffusivity is related to the strength of vorticity seeded at the leading edge. In this study, the control scheme of the internal pressure oscillation was proposed from regulating the vorticity at the leading edge by use of an oscillating spoiler. It was found that the relative motion between the spoiler and the air mass at the cavity opening influenced vorticity strength and the control was achieved by direct feedback of the cavity pressure fluctuation to the actuator.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.196-199
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• 2005

Flow traveling over a cavity opening forms a vortex due to unstable shear layer and induces an aerodynamic pressure excitation from the diffusion of the vortex convecting out of the trailing edge of the opening. The interaction between the excitation force and the cavity response sustains resonance in the resonator(cavity) and locked-in vortex shedding at the leading edge of the opening. The aerodynamic excitation force can be described from the diffusion of the vortex over the trailing edge and the level of its diffusivity is related to the strength of vorticity seeded at the loading edge. In this study, the control scheme of the internal pressure oscillation was proposed from regulating the vorticity at the leading edge by use of an oscillating spoiler. It was found that the relative motion between the spoiler and the air mass at the cavity opening influenced vorticity strength and the control was achieved by direct feedback of the cavity pressure fluctuation to the actuator.

• 천문학회보
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.30.2-31
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• 2020

We present the properties of circumnuclear gas associated with the AGN located in the center of Abell 1644-South. A1644-S is the main cluster in a merging system, which is also known for gas sloshing in its core as seen in X-ray. The X-ray emission of A1644-S shows a rapidly declining profile, indicating the presence of cooling gas flow. This flow of cool gas may fuel the supermassive black hole embedded in the brightest cluster galaxy, leading to the activation of the central AGN. Indeed, we find a parsec-scale bipolar jet feature in the center of A1644-S in our recent KaVA observation, which implies that its central AGN is likely to have been (re)powered quite recently. In order to verify the hypothesis that cooling gas flow in the cluster core can (re)activate the central AGN, we probe the cold gas properties of the central 1 kpc region of A1644-S using the archival VLA and ALMA data. Based on the spatially resolved morphology and kinematics of HI and CO gas, we challenge to identify inflow/outflow gas streams and clumps. We study the role of circumnuclear cool gas in fueling the centrally located cluster AGN in the cool-core environment. We also discuss how the feedback due to the (re)powered AGN affects the surrounding medium.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.3044-3050
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• 2015

본 연구는 자동변속기용 유량제어 오일펌프의 성능을 해석하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 유량제어 오일펌프의 해석적 모델을 개발하였으며 회전속도 변화에 따른 토출유량, 구동토크, 캐비테이션 발생량 등의 내부 유동특성을 분석하여 고찰하였다. 해석결과, 회전속도가 높아짐에 따라 캐비테이션 발생율이 증가하였으며 체적효율은 2200 RPM에서 90%이상으로 나타났지만 회전속도가 상승함에 따라 감소하여 5000 RPM에서 81%까지 줄어드는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 흡입부 초기에 챔버 내 캐비테이션 비율이 20%~30%로 매우 높은 비율을 보였는데 압축에 의해 붕괴 이후의 캐비테이션 비율은 13% 이하로 낮게 형성되었다. 하지만 고속인 5000 RPM에서 17%로 빠른 속도로 발생량이 증가하는 현상도 확인되었다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권1호통권94호
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• pp.42-48
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• 1999

A control method for a robot hand grasping a object in a partially unknown environment will be proposed, where a proximate sensor detecting the distance between the fingertip and object was used. Particularly, the finger joints were driven servo-pneumatically in this study. Based on the proximate sensor signal the finger motion controller could plan the grasping process divided in three phases ; fast aproach, slow transitional contact and contact force control. That is, the fingertip approached to the object with full speed, until the output signal of the proximate sensor began to change. Within the perating range of the proximate sensor, the finger joint was moved by a state-variable feedback position controller in order to obtain a smooth contact with the object. The contact force of fingertip was then controlled using the blocked-line pressure sensitivity of the flow control servovalve for finger joint control. In this way, the grasping impact could be reduced without reducing the object approaching speed. The performance of the proposed grasping method was experimentally compared with that of a open loop-controlled one.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.113-118
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• 2004

This paper presents a two-dimensional edge tone to predict the frequency characteristics of the discrete oscillations of a jet-edge feedback cycle by the finite difference lattice Boltzmann method (FDLBM). We use a new lattice BGK compressible fluid model that has an additional term and allow larger time increment comparing the conventional FDLBM, and also use a boundary fitted coordinates. The jet is chosen long enough in order to guarantee the parabolic velocity profile of the jet at the outlet, and the edge consists of a wedge with an angle of $\alpha=23^0$. At a stand-off distance $\omega$, the edge is inserted along the centreline of the jet, and a sinuous instability wave with real frequency f is assumed to be created in the vicinity of the nozzle and th propagate towards the downstream. We have succeeded in capturing very small pressure fluctuations result from periodically oscillation of jet around the edge. That pressure fluctuations propagate with the sound speed. Its interaction with the wedge produces an irrotational feedback field which, near the nozzle exit, is a periodic transverse flow producing the singularities at the nozzle lips. The lattice BGK model for compressible fluids is shown to be one of powerful tool for computing sound generation and propagation for a wide range of flows.