• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.366-370
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• 1987

Rheological properties of gelatinized rice starch solutions (5%) were examined with a Brookifield viscometer. Gelatinized rice starch solutions showed pseudoplastic flow having yield stress, i.e., Binghamplastic flow behavior. The yield stress of gelatinized rice starch solutions was reduced by the phosphate. Phosphate increased the pseudoplasticity of gelatinized nonwaxy rice starch solutions. but decreased that of gelatinized waxy rice starch solution. The yield stress of gelatinized nonwaxy rice starch solutions held for one hour at $90^{\circ}C$ was slightly decreased, but that of waxy starch solution was reduced by 10-fold. Phosphate reduced the yield stress for both gelatinized nonwaxy and waxy rice starch solutions. Phosphate decreased the consistency index, but did not affect the flow behavior index of the gelatinized rice starch solutions.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• v.5
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• pp.115-124
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• 1994

This paper presents the results of a study conducted to improve the understanding of the characteristics of cylindrical capsule flow in a pipeline by taking into account of the effect of capsule density uniformity. The effect fo capsule density variation in the axial direction was studied both experimentally and analytically. The experiments were conducted in a 190mm diameter straight pipe 17m long. The velocity, gap and tilt of capsules were measured under various conditions. In order to interpret the data on various capsule density conditions, the stability index given in the dimensionless number was introduced. The motion of capsules in pipelines is strongly affected by the stability of the capsules characterized by the statility index. The experiments conducted proved that the stability index is a vaild criterion for explaining and correlating data on the capsule motion and the capsule denisity uniformity.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.222-232
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the change in foot care knowledge, self care behavior, and physiologic indexes after foot reflexomassage education program, and the related factors. Method: Data were collected from 20 patients who were visited out patients clinic. The change and difference were analyzed with non-parametric statistics. Result: There were significant differences in foot care knowledge(P=.001), self care behavior(P=.000), dosalis pedis blood flow volume (P=.011), skin temperature of foot(P=.001), dorsalis pedis pulse(P=.000), capillary filling time of foot (P=.000) between pre and post. The level of changes of foot care knowledge was significant differences according to admission experience (P=.049), and negative related to systolic blood pressure(P=.028). The level of changes of self care behavior was related to age(P=.049), that of dosalis pedis blood flow was significant difference according to smoking(P=.042), that of skin temperatureof foot(P=.002) and dosalis pedis pulse(P=.038) were significant difference according to weight. The level of changes of capillary filling time of foot was related to diagnosis period(P=.014). Conclusion: Foot-Reflexo-Massage education program is an effective nursing intervention to promote foot care in diabetic patients. And the related factors can be recommended for the management of diabetic patients.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Energy Engineering kosee Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.146-149
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• 1994

A nonlinear dynamic optimization has been performed for reactor power control system of CANDU 6 nuclear power plant considering xenon, fuel and moderator temperature feedback effects. Integral-of-Time-multiplied Absolute-Error (ITAE) criterion has been used as a performance index of the system behavior. Optimum controller gain are found by searching algorithm of Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP). System models are referenced from most recent literatures. Signal flow network construction and optimization have been done by using commercial computer software package.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.845-851
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• 1995

To improve the utilization of pear in its processing, the cloudy and clear juice concentrates were prepared and their rheological properties were investigated in the range of temperatures($5{\sim}60^{\circ}C$) and concentrations($15{\sim}60^{\circ}Brix$). Pear juice concentrates showed flow behavior close to Newtonian fluids. Their flow behavior was also explained by applying Power law model and Herschel-Bulkley model. Flow behavior index did not have good correlation with concentration, but decreased with the increase of temperature, showing pseudoplastic properties. Consistency index increased with the increase of concentration and with the decrease of temperature. The effect of temperature and concentration on the apparent viscosity at 1500 1/s shear rate was examined by applying Arrhenius equation. The activation energy for flow of the cloudy and clear pear juice concentrates increased from $1.5140{\times}10^4\;to\;3.4141{\times}10^4\;J/kg{\cdot}mol$, and from $1.4762{\times}10^4\;to\;3.4963{\times}10^4\;J/kg{\cdot}mol$ with the increase of concentration, respectively. The influence of temperature on the apparent viscosity was more pronounced at higher concentration. And the concentration-dependent constant A decreased from $0.0789\;to\;0.0484^{\circ}Brix^{-1}$, and from $0.0786\;to\;0.0476^{\circ}Brix^1$ with the increase of temperature, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.225-233
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• 2014

This paper presents a Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) based simulation and experimental tracer test of flow pattern and turbulent energy dissipation inside a serpentine flocculation basin with continuous operation. Research focused on the evaluation of a specific flow pattern on the hydraulic behavior on the flocculation basin. From the results of CFD simulation and actual tracer test, both results were in good accordance with each other. Also, each Morill index were calculated as 1.5 from CFD simulation and 1.7 from actual tracer test, respectively. Especially, turbulence energy was dissipated relatively higher in the vicinity of inlet to the flocculation basin than other region. The differences between the CFD simulation and actual tracer test were 1.4 min in $T_{50}$, and 1.3 min in $T_p$, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.187-193
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• 2007

Reynolds and Froude numbers, along with tracer tests, have been widely used to estimate hydrodynamics in full-scale horizontal sedimentation basin in water treatment plants (WTPs). In spite of this, the former numbers do not reflect actual operating conditions, instead most often being based on the dimensions of the structures. The index and graphic analyses most often used were found to be too subjective to accurately analyze tracer test results. In order to overcome these limitations, dispersion number was applied for analysis of tracer test results. Tracer tests were conducted in eight full-scale sedimentation basins in six WTPs, and then analyzed by index and graphic analyses as well as by dispersion number. The dispersion number was more useful as an indicator of the hydrodynamic behavior in the basin. It was also found that as dispersion number decreased, flow approached the ideal for plug flow in which case, higher sedimentation efficiency could be expected.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.19-19
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• 2011

The appraisals of hydrology model behavior for flow and water quality are generally performed through comparison of simulated data with observed ones. To perform appraisal of hydrology model, some criteria are often used, such as coefficient of determination ($R^2$), Nash and Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE), index of agreement (d), modified forms of NSE and d, and relative efficiency criteria NSE and d. These criteria are used not only for hydrology model estimations also for various comparisons of two data sets; This NSE has been often used for SWAT calibration. However, it has been known that the NSE value has some limitations in evaluating hydrology at watersheds under monsoon climate because this statistic is largely affected by higher values in the data set. To overcome these limitations, the SWAT auto-calibration module was enhanced with K-means clustering and direct runoff/baseflow modules. However the NSE is still being used in this module to evaluate model performance. Therefore, the SWAT Auto-calibration module was modified to incorporate alternative efficiency criteria into the SWAT K-means/direct runoff-baseflow auto-calibration module. It is expected that this enhanced SWAT auto-calibration module will provide better calibration capability of SWAT model for all flow regime.

• Water for future
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.97-105
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• 1993

This paper presents the results of a study conducted to improve the understanding of the characteristics of cylindrical capsule flow in a pipeline by taking into account of the effect of capsule density uniformity. The effect of capsule density variation in the axial direction was studied both experimentally and anaytically. The experiments were conducted in a 190mm diameter straight pipe 17m long. The velocity, gap and tilt of capsules were measured under various conditions, In order to interpret the data on various capsule density conditions, the stability index given in the dimensionless number was introduced. The motion of capsules in pipelines is strongly affected by the stability of the capsules characterized by the stability index. The experiments conducted prover that the stability index is a valid criterion for explaining and correlating data on the capsule motion and the capsule density uniformity.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 1993.07a
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• pp.483-490
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• 1993

This paper presents the results of a study conducted to improve the understanding of the characteristics of cylindrical capsule flow in a pipeline by taking into account of the effect of capsule density uniformity. The effect of capsule density variation in the axial direction was studied both experimentally and analytically. The experiments were xonducted in a 190mm diameter straight pipe 18m long. The velocity, tilt of capsules and the gap between the capsule bottom and the pipe bottom were measured under various conditions. In order to interpret the data on the various capsule density conditions, the stability index given in the dimensionless numberwas introduced. The motion of capsules in pipelines is strongly affected by the stability of the capsules characterized by the stability index. The experiments conducted proved that the stability index is a valid criterion for explaining and correlating data on the capsule motion and the capsule density uniformity.