• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.101-104
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• 2010

Purpose: Raynaud scan is divided to flow, blood pool and local-delay image. Usually, we evaluate comparison through blood pool and local-delay image. We will evaluate about usability when comparative observe blood image and local-delay image in Raynaud scan that used $^{201}Tl$ as making flow image to one sheet of images. Materials and Methods: We have selected 29 Raynaud phenomenon patients aged 14~68 years who visited department of vascular surgery between Feb. 2008 and Aug. 2009. An intravenous injection $^{201}Tl$ of 111 MBq (3 mCi) to opposite side diagonal line limbs above an internal auditing department. Equipment used Philips gamma camera forte A-Z, and collimator used LEHR. Matrix size set up to each $64{\times}64$, $128{\times}128$, $256{\times}256$ and zoom factor used to full field. Protocol of dynamic is 2 second to 155 frames. Blood pool and delay count to 300 second. We set up ROI by a foundation to data acquired in PEGASYS processing program. Each results were analyzed with the SPSS 12.0 statistical software. Results: Each averages of count ratio (Rt / Lt) to have been given at composite image, a blood pool image, delay images analyzed at Raynaud phenomenon patients is $1.25{\pm}0.39$, $1.20{\pm}0.33$, $1.11{\pm}0.17$. The sample analysis results of blood pool image and delay image contented itself with p<0.029. Also, there don't have been each difference, and blood pool image, delay image regarding composite image was able to know. Conclusion: We were able to give help for comparison to evaluate a blood pool image and a local delay image at the Raynaud scan which used $^{201}Tl$ while making a flow image to one sheet image. Identification to be visual too was possible. If you are proceeded a researcher that there was further depth, you are more appropriate for, and you may get useful information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.1186-1194
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• 2017

Recently, many people have demanded reliable nutritional data even for minor-components. On the other hand, an analytical method for the analyses of vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ is lacking. Therefore, this study attempted to validate with accuracy and precision the analysis of vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ contents were analyzed using an Agilent 1260 series HPLC system. YMC-Pack ODS-AM ($250{\times}4.6mm$ I.D.) and YMC-Pack Pro RS $C_{18}$ ($250{\times}4.6mm$ I.D.) columns were used for the analyses of vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$, respectively. In the case of vitamin $B_5$, the flow rate was set to 1.0 mL/min by isocratic elution using the 50 mM $KH_2PO_4$ solution (pH 3.5)/acetonitrile (ACN) (95:5, v/v) with monitoring at 200 nm using HPLC/DAD, whereas the flow rate for vitamin $B_6$ was set to 1.0 mL/min of flow rate by isocratic elution using a 20 mM $CH_3CO_2Na$ solution (pH 3.6)/ACN (97:3, v/v) with monitoring by excitation at 290 nm and emission at 396 nm using HPLC/FLD. The column temperature was set to $30^{\circ}C$. The injection volume was $20{\mu}L$ for each experiment. The specificity of the accuracy and precision for vitamin $B_5$ and $B_6$ were also validated by HPLC. The results showed high linearity in the calibration curve for vitamin $B_5$ ($R^2=0.9998^{{\ast}{\ast}}$), the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 0.4 mg/L and 1.3 mg/L, respectively, In contrast, for the calibration curve of vitamin $B_6$, which showed high linearity ($R^2=0.9999^{{\ast}{\ast}}$), the LOD and LOQ were 0.006 mg/L and 0.02 mg/L, respectively.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.359-369
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• 2008

For the design and effective management of underground storage caverns, preliminary investigation on the hydrogeologic parameters around caverns and analysis on the groundwater flow must be carried out. The data collection is very imporatnat task for the hydrogeologic design so various hydraulic tests have been performed. When analyzing the injection/fall off test data, existing graphical method to estimate the parameters in Theis' equation is widely used. However this method has some sources of error when estimating parameters by means of human faults. Therefore the method of estimating parameters by means of statistical methods such as regression type is evaluated as a useful tool. In this study, nonlinear regression analysis for the Theis' equation is suggested and applied to the estimation of parameters for the real field interference data around underground storage caverns. Damping parameter which reduce the iteration numbers and inhance the convergence is also introduced.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.470-482
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• 1995

The Ulchin 3&4, which are 2825 MWt PWRs, adopted Safety Depressurization System (SDS) to mitigate the beyond design basis event of Total Less of Feedwater(TLOFW). In this study the results and methodology of the analyses for the determination of SDS bleed capacity are discussed. The SDS design bleed capacity has been determined from the CEFLASH-4AS/REM simulation according to the following design criteria : 1) Each SDS flow path, in conjunction with one of two High Pressure Safety Injection (HPSI) pumps, is designed to have a sufficient capacity to prevent core uncovery if one SDS path is opened simultaneously with the opening of the Pressurizer Safety Valves (PSVs). 2) Both SDS bleed paths are designed to have sufficient total capacity with both HPSI pumps operating to prevent core uncovery if the Feed and Bleed (F&B) initiation is delayed up to thirty minutes from the time of the PSVs lift. To verify the results of CEFLASH-4AS/REM simulation a comparative analysis kas also been per-formed by more sophisticated computer code, RELAP5/MOD3. The TLOFW event without operator recovery and TLOFW event with F&B are analyzed. The predictions by the CEFLASH-4AS/REM of the transient too phase system behavior are in good qualitative and quantitative agreement with those by the RELAP5/MOD3 simulation. Both of the results of analyses by CEFLASH-4AS/REM and RELAP5/MOD3 have demonstrated that decay heat removal and core inventory make-up can be successfully accomplished by F&B operation during now event for the Ulchin 3&4.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.194-200
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• 2007

Purpose: $^{13}N$-ammonia is a well known radiopharmaceutical for the measurement of a myocardial blood flow (MBF) non-invasively using PET-CT. In this study, we investigated a correlation between MBF obtained from dynamic imaging and myocardial perfusion score (MPS) obtained from static imaging for usefulness of cardiac PET study. Methods: Twelve patients (11 males, 1 female, $57.9{\pm}8.6$ years old) with suspicious coronary artery disease underwent PET-CT scan. Dynamic scans (6 min: $5\;sec\;{\times}\;12,\;10\;sec\;{\times}\;6,\;20\;sec\;{\times}\;3,\;and\;30\;sec\;{\times}\;6$) were initiated simultaneously with bolus injection of 11 MBq/kg $^{13}N-ammonia$ to acquire rest and stress image. Gating image was acquired during 13 minutes continuously. Nine-segment model (4 basal walls, 4 mid walls, and apex) was used for a measurement of MBF. Time activity curve of input function and myocardium was extracted from ROI methods in 9 regions for quantification. The MPS were evaluated using quantitative analysis software. To compare between 20-segment model and 9-segment model, 6 basal segments were excluded and averaged segmental scores were used. Results: There are weak correlation between MBF (rest, 0.18-2.38 ml/min/g; stress, 0.40-4.95 ml/min/g) and MPS (rest 22-91%, stress, 14-90%), however the correlation coefficient between corrected MBF and MPS in rest state was higher than stress state (rest r=0.59; stress r=0.80). As a thickening increased, correlation between MBF and MPS also showed good correlation at each segments. Conclusions: Corrected and translated MPS as its characteristics using $^{13}N$-ammonia showed good correlation with absolute MBF measured by dynamic image in this study. Therefore, we showed MPS is one of good indices which reflect MBF. We anticipate PET-CT could be used as useful tool for evaluation of myocardial function in nuclear cardiac study.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.105-110
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• 2010

Purpose: Three phase bone scan was considered sensitive in Patients with Reflex Symphathetic Dystrophy Syndrome (RSDS). Generally, three phase bone scan in the RSDS patients shows increased uptake of one side extremity joint. But three phase bone scan has been performed with flow, blood pool and delayed scan. We performed blood pool half body scan in order to investigate its usefulness. Materials and Methods: From October 2007 to September 2009, three phase bone scan (flow, blood pool, half body blood pool, delayed) was performed after injection of 750 MBq of $^{99m}Tc$-DPD in diagnosed patients with RSDS (M:F=8:7, R:L=9:6). For quantitative analysis, we obtained the count ratios of bilateral hands by drawing a region of interest (ROI) in the three phase images and compared with the count ratios of shoulders in half body blood pool and delayed images. Results: In flow images, right/left ratios were $1.09{\pm}0.53$. In blood pool images, right/left ratios were $1.13{\pm}0.47$ (hand), $1.08{\pm}0.26$ (shoulder). In delayed images, right/left ratios were $1.24{\pm}0.75$ (hand), $1.11{\pm}0.31$ (shoulder). As a result, Log of right/left counts of the others and that of shoulder blood pool image were correlated well with statistical significance (Spearman's R, p<0.005 SPSS for windows ver.12.0). Conclusion: Half body blood pool scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of patients with RSDS. Moreover, Half body blood pool scan reduced false negative and false positive rates. In order to improve agreement on interpretation of RSDS, Blood pool half body scan should be established as common criteria.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.32-38
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• 2020

This study summarizes test methods and evaluation methods for examining the thermal characteristics of Jeju-type ground heat exchangers (GHXs) installed on Jeju Island, and analyzes the ground temperature and thermal characteristics of ground heat exchangers installed in various regions by using thermal response tests (TRT). Jeju Island is composed of volcanic rock layers, and the groundwater flow is well developed. A Jeju-type GHX can be installed up to 30 m from groundwater level after drilling a borehole. The ground heat exchanger has a structure in which several pipes are inserted into the borehole. In order to examine the characteristics of the Jeju-type GHX, tests were conducted on ground heat exchangers installed in four places on Jeju Island (Pyoseon, Jeju, Namwon, and Hallym). As a result of the analysis of the Jeju-type ground heat exchanger, the ground circulating water temperature stabilized according to the heat injection, depending on the installed location, and was formed within one to three hours. The ground heat exchanger capacity in Hallym was highest at 73.4 kW (cooling) and 82.8 kW (heating), and the Jeju-type calculation was lowest at 34.1 kW (cooling) and 23.3 kW (heating).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.593-599
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• 1999

Substrate specificity of a flow-injection-analysis (FIA)-type biogenic amine sensor with enzyme reactor was determined. The enzyme reactor was prepared with a diamine oxidase immobilized on preactivated chitosan porous beads (Chitopearl) by intramolecular cross-linking via glutaraldehyde. The sensor showed a rapid response to putrescine and a quasi-linear calibration curve was obtained up to 15.0 mM. The optimal pH and temperature of the enzyme reactor system were 7.5 and $35^{\circ}C$. Interferences due to ATP-related compounds and trimethylamine, and the effects of NaCl and amino acids were measured. Inhibitory effects owing to these components could be mitigated by sample extraction with perchloric acid. Polyamines except putrescine were determined by a putrescine calibration range within 26.7%. This system was confirmed as rapid and convenient for biogenic amine determination.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.66-78
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• 2013

In order to develop of 80 kW RF plasma torch system, we achieved three-dimensional simulations for the extraction of more information as temperature in torch and fluid behavior analysis, etc. The position of powder injection tube, the plasma discharge characteristics with various input current and various length of ceramic tube, and the plasma temperature characteristics with process gas flow rate such those was simulated. RF thermal plasma torch designed by simulation was manufactured that was measured to the maximum of 89.3 kW power. The mass production using developed 80 kW RF thermal plasma torch system were investigated by characteristics manufactured of Si nano powder. The mass-production level of Si nano-powder was average of 539 g/hr and high yield rate of 71.6%, respectively. The particle size distribution $D_{99}/D_{50}$ of manufacturing nano-powder was investigated to 1.98 as a good uniform.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 1983

The pH of containment spray and sump water following a LOCA for KNU 5'||'&'||'6 and KNU 1 was calculated to see if pH design criteria of containment spray system established by USNRC were met. The pH calculations have been made for the two cases; maximum pH and minimum pH. For KNU 5'||'&'||'6, results showed that long term sump pH values calculated for the maximum pH and minimum pH case well met the pH requirement of at least 8.5 and spray pH for the maximum case slightly exceeded the range of design criteria (8.5 to 11.0). For KNU 1, pH requirement of long term sump pH was also met, however, spray pH value for the maximum pH case was very largely greater than that of current pH requirement. (No pH requirement of containment spray water has been established at the time of designing KNU 1) In order to find the design parameters of containment spray system which are expected to meet the spray pH requirement, several calculations were wade, by changing the input parameters to "LCCAPH". Finally, it was shown that the boric acid concentration in RWST (refueling water storage tank), which was the primary sources of containment spray water during injection mode, be maintained the range of 2750 ppm to 2850 ppm, or tile flow rate of NaOH added to spray water he kept between 10 gpm to 24 gpm.