• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2015.03a
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• pp.251-256
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• 2015

In this paper, an systematic approach is presented, in which the bridge-type traffic sign structure is body out by CSDDA PrePost Processor. There is dead load and wind load that is working on the structure which will make force and moment. Analyzied the stress distribution of the standard form and by changing the shape, compared the safety in terms of deflection and stress (with the standard form) to know the effect of each component in the bridge-type traffic sign structure. The safety of deflection and stress is evaluated by maximum distance/100) and ASIC code respectively. The standard form of bridge-type traffic sign structure is established by two pairs of pillar and two pairs of floor beam. Replaced the links which is consist of flange and screws as the torsion spring and nm our analysis program. By adjusting variable of rigidity modulus of torsion spring, moment between column and beam is controled depending on value of rigidity modulus.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.567-573
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• 2000

An analysis system for evaluating the design of dieface of stamping press dies is developed. The die design analysis system interfaced with CATIA via universal or NASTRAN data format provides the design information such as binder-wrap, punch contact status, section length change ratio, wrinkle symptom etc., which are crucial in predicting the defects of initial shape of the sheet in the dieface design stage. The graphic post-processor of developed system which displays 3-dimensional shapes of tool and die and analysis results, helps the interpretation of design evaluation. The dieface design analysis system was tested in draw dies of front floor panel and quarter panel of auto-body in order to verify the usefulness and validity of the system The examples show that the developed system would be a good tool in evaluating dieface designs.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.369-381
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• 2015

Moore, Oklahoma was hit by an EF5 tornado on May 20, 2013. The tornado track slightly overlapped with two previous tornadoes that occurred on May 3, 1999 and May 8, 2003 respectively. A research team from Texas Tech University was deployed to investigate the performance of shelters based on observation of their post-storm conditions. Sixty-one shelter units were further documented by size, manufacturer, and date of installation if available. Then they were crossed referenced with the external databases to determine their compliance with design and construction standards by the International Code Council/National Storm Shelter Association and/or criteria from the Federal Emergency Management Agency publications. Wind intensity was estimated for each shelter location using the EF scale. Results showed a marked increase in the number of exterior underground shelters as well as the popularity of a new in-garage floor underground shelter design. All of the units provided protection for their occupants with no loss of life reported. However, one older shelter had a door failure due to neglect of maintenance. Recommendations were made to improve future performance of shelters.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

Background : To assess the effect of a pelvic compression belt on the strength of hip flexor in healthy young individuals. Study design: Pre- and post-treatment measurement design on one factor was used. Methods : 30 healthy volunteers (male: 15, female: 15) participated in this study. Dynamometer was used to measure the strength of hip flexor, and measurements were performed before and after the application of the pelvic compression belt at neutral position of hip joint and at 30 cm raised position from floor with straight leg in supine. Results : After the application of the pelvic compression belt, the strengths of hip flexor measured at both positions were significantly increased when compared with before the application (p<.05). However, at neutral position of hip joint and at 30cm raised position from floor, there were significantly different in the changing patterns in the strengths of hip flexor between men and women (p>.05). Conclusion : The findings suggest that the pelvic compression belt is helpful in strengthening hip muscles. With easy application, it is sufficiently feasible for clinical use.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2003

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of EMG biofeedback and pelvic floor electrical stimulation in the stress urinary incontinence patients by Kontinence HMT2000. Materials and Methods: A group of 14 patients with stress urinary incontinence were treated with combined biofeedback and intravaginal electrical stimulation during 12 sessions from 2 weeks to 6 weeks. Results: At immediate post treatment, subjective cure rate was 28% and improvement rate was 57% and failure rate was 15%. Thus the overall success rate for this treatment was 85%. The result of 3 months after treatment showed cure rate 14% and improvement rate was 43%. Intravaginal pressure increased by an average of 11.9 cmH2O. Increased vaginal pressure was found in 93% of the patients and more than 50% increment of intravaginal pressure was 71%. Conclusions: Combined biofeedback and pelvic floor electrical stimulation by use of Kontinence HMT2000 is effective for the patients who have good compliance, relative low degree stress urinary incontinence. In order to attain good results, a well structured program that teaches specific muscle exercise and the patients should be followed by regular interval reinforcement treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.172-177
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• 1990

The reverse of reinforcement technique was used in treating rumination of a 12-year old (estimated age) mentally retarded child in a residential setting. The subject's rumination pattern was first to vomit the food onto the floor and then to eat it back in several attempts. Consequently, the way to reverse the contingency of rumination in this child was to take away the discharge whenever rumination occurred. An ABAB single subject design was adopted to evaluate the treatment effect. In baseline 1 the frequency of his rumination for 2.5 hours after eating was an average of 46(range= 30-62), while decreased to 6.7 in treatment condition 1. However, when the discharge was not taken away in baseline 2, his rumination increased to 34 times and then decreased to zero to 1 time when the reverse of reinforcement was reinstituted in treatment condition 2. The results clearly indicate that the reverse of reinforcement which was implemented in the form of removing the discharge from the floor was successful. It was reported that the treatment effect has been maintained over 10 months post treatment.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.69-77
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• 2015

Purpose: Under a trend of hospitals that repeated expansion in line with fast increasing factors of medical demands in the past, medical buildings where clinic businesses have regularly gathered in one building have exponentially increased since separation of prescribing and dispensing in 2000. Thus, this study aims at analyzing characteristics of architectural plan of the current medical buildings, identifying strengths and weaknesses through Post Occupancy Evaluation and suggesting an architectural planning method of medical buildings to be planned in the future. Methods: Scope of study has been limited to 23 medical buildings that are registered in the building register as medical buildings out of the Class 1 neighborhood facilities build as 5 floors or more in Cheongju region since 2000 and being actually used for the usage. Study method is to define concepts of the medical buildings through literature review and advanced researches, analyze characteristics of architectural plan through drawing analysis and site survey. Results: General characteristics of architectural plans for the medical buildings in Cheongju have been analyzed. There are the most frequencies in general commercial area and semi-residential area, most of them are reinforced concrete structure and the Class 1 neighborhood facilities. Average land area is $482.68m^2$, gross floor area $3720.8m^2$, the number of underground floors level 1.16, the number of floors level 7.76, total number of floors 8.92, the building-to-land ratio 67.28%, floor area ratio 452.6%, height 31.44m, and the number of parked vehicles 24.16. Implications: This research will contribute to the establishment of the planning methods which increase the quality of Medical Buildings in Cheongju.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.289-297
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• 2011

The explicit finite element method is an essential tool for solving large problems with severe nonlinear characteristics, but its results can be difficult to interpret. In particular, it can be impossible to evaluate its acceleration responses because of severe discontinuity, extreme noise or aliasing. We suggest a new post-processing method for transient responses and their response spectra. We propose smoothing methods using a Gaussian kernel without in depth knowledge of the complex frequency characteristics; such methods are successfully used in the filtering of digital signals. This smoothing can be done by measuring the velocity results and monitoring the response spectra. Gaussian kernel smoothing gives a better smoothness and representation of the peak values than other approaches do. The floor response spectra can be derived using smoothed accelerations for the design.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.169-176
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• 2013

The present study was designed to examine the concentrations, emission rates, and source characteristics of a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 30 newly-constructed apartment buildings by measuring indoor and outdoor VOC concentrations over a 2-year period. For comparison, seven villa-type houses were also surveyed for indoor and outdoor VOC concentrations over a 3-month period. Indoor and outdoor air samples were collected on Tenax-TA adsorbent and analyzed using a gas chromatograph (GC)/mass spectrometer system or a GC/flame ionization detector system coupled to a thermal desorption system. The long-term change in indoor VOC concentrations depended on the type of VOCs. Generally, aromatic (except for naphthalene), aliphatic, and terpene compounds exhibited a gradual deceasing trend over the 2-year follow-up period. However, the indoor concentrations of the six halogenated VOCs did not significantly vary with time changes. Similar to these halogenated VOCs, the indoor naphthalene concentrations did not vary significantly with time changes over the 2-year period. Unlike the halogenated VOCs, the indoor naphthalene concentrations were much higher than the outdoor concentrations. The indoor concentrations of aliphatic and aromatic compounds were higher for the villa-type houses when compared to those of apartment buildings. In addition, four source groups (floor coverings and interior painting, household products, wood paneling and furniture, moth repellents) and three source groups (floor coverings and interior painting, household products, and moth repellents) were considered as potential VOC sources inside apartment buildings for the first- and second-year post-occupancy stages, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.363-370
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to give the basic data for the cutting movement with the various angels on the poly urethane. Method : Ten healthy men voluntarily participated in this study. A three-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON) and force plates were used to analyze the movements of the joints for the lower extremities. For the statistical analysis the IBM SPSS 21.0 was used to perform repeated measured ANOVA and post-hoc comparison result was used to perform the Scheffe and the level of significance was set up at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results : There were significant differences for the time required for the increasing angles of the cutting movement(p<.05). In addition, there were significant differences for the maximum dorsiflexion, plantarflexion of ankle joint, maximum flexion of knee joint and hip joint with the increasing the angles of cutting movement(p<.05). Also, there were significant differences for the maximum adduction and abduction angle of the hip joint with the increasing of the angles of cutting movement. There was signigicant difference for the resultant utilized coefficient of friction(RuCOF) for the increasing angles of cutting movement(p<.05). Conclusion : There was a pattern to increase the coefficient friction with the angle of cutting direction. Also, it would be possible to use the poly urethane for the outdoor floor with the results of this study.