• 제목/요약/키워드: flood control structures

검색결과 54건 처리시간 0.028초

XP-SWMM을 이용한 도시하천에서의 홍수소통능력 평가 (Assessment of Flood Flow Conveyance for Urban Stream Using XP-SWMM)

  • 홍준범;김병식;서병하;김형수
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제39권2호
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    • pp.139-150
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    • 2006
  • 최근 급속한 도시화로 인한 유역 내 불투수 면적의 증가는 자연유역에 비해 짧은 도달시간과 높은 첨두 홍수량을 유발하여 도시홍수 피해의 원인이 되고 있다. 따라서 홍수피해를 저감시키고자 구조물적 또는 비구조물적 홍수방어 대책들을 마련하여 시행하고 있다. 본 연구의 대상유역인 굴포천 유역은 유역 내의 유출 특성이 아닌 하류의 한강 외수위 조건에 의해 잦은 침수 피해가 발생하고 있으며, 이를 예방하고자 폭 20m의 임시 방수로를 폭 80m로 확장할 예정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 대표적인 도시 유출 모형의 하나인 EPA의 SWMM 모형을 근간으로 하는 XP-SWMM모형을 이용해 굴포천 방수로 확장에 따른 홍수소통능력을 분석하였다. 재현기간 100년인 설계 강우와 동일한 조위 조건 하에서 개수전과 후에 대한 수위와 유량을 비교하였으며, 분석결과 개수전 상황이 개수후에 비해 통과 유량이 1/3임에도 불구하고 비슷하거나 더 높은 수위를 나타내었다. 또한 개수후 상태에서 모의한 결과 방수로 분기점에서 자연 분류시킬 경우 최고 $300m^3/sec$ 가까운 유량이 방수로 방향으로 역류함을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 방수로의 안정적 운영을 위해서는 굴포천 하류로부터 방수로로의 역류를 차단하기 위한 수리 시설물의 설치가 필요함을 확인할 수 있었다.

Effect of biaxial stress state on seismic fragility of concrete gravity dams

  • Sen, Ufuk;Okeil, Ayman M.
    • Earthquakes and Structures
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    • 제18권3호
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    • pp.285-296
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    • 2020
  • Dams are important structures for management of water supply for irrigation or drinking, flood control, and electricity generation. In seismic regions, the structural safety of concrete gravity dams is important due to the high potential of life and economic loss if they fail. Therefore, the seismic analysis of existing dams in seismically active regions is crucial for predicting responses of dams to ground motions. In this paper, earthquake response of concrete gravity dams is investigated using the finite element (FE) method. The FE model accounts for dam-water-foundation rock interaction by considering compressible water, flexible foundation effects, and absorptive reservoir bottom materials. Several uncertainties regarding structural attributes of the dam and external actions are considered to obtain the fragility curves of the dam-water-foundation rock system. The structural uncertainties are sampled using the Latin Hypercube Sampling method. The Pine Flat Dam in the Central Valley of Fresno County, California, is selected to demonstrate the methodology for several limit states. The fragility curves for base sliding, and excessive deformation limit states are obtained by performing non-linear time history analyses. Tensile cracking including the complex state of stress that occurs in dams was also considered. Normal, Log-Normal and Weibull distribution types are considered as possible fits for fragility curves. It was found that the effect of the minimum principal stress on tensile strength is insignificant. It is also found that the probability of failure of tensile cracking is higher than that for base sliding of the dam. Furthermore, the loss of reservoir control is unlikely for a moderate earthquake.

Estimation of Probable Maximum Precipitation in Thailand Using Geographic Information System

  • Kingpaiboon, Sununtha;Netwong, Titiya
    • 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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    • pp.804-806
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    • 2003
  • Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) is essential in the design of hydraulic structures such as dams, weirs and flood control structures. Up to the present, PMP has been derived from any proper single storm which can have a large error. PMP values should be evaluated from many historic heavy storm events from all over the country. Since this can be done at the spots of storm occurring and the calculated PMP from all spots in the country can be correlated. The objectives of this study are therefore to evaluate PMP from historic heavy storm data from 1972 to 2000 by using meteorological method, then to correlate and to present the results using GIS. The maximized rainfall depths can be calculate from depth of heavy rainfall and dew point temperature, and then can be analyzed for each rainfall duration to obtain spatial rainfall distribution by using GIS. The depth-area-duration relationship of maximized rainfall can be obtained and this helps to develop enveloped curves . The results from this study are a set of contour maps of PMP for each rainfall duration for all over the country and the depth-area-duration relationships for the area of 100 to 50,000 km.$^{2}$ at duration of 1, 2 and 3 days.

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지하공간하부 지하저류공동에서의 필라 보강효과에 관한 수치해석적 연구 (A numerical study of pillar reinforcing effect in underground cavern underneath existing structures)

  • 서형준;이강현;한신인;이인모
    • 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.453-467
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    • 2012
  • 공간이 한정된 도심지에서 인구가 밀집되는 가운데 도심의 복합지하공간에 대한 개발은 날로 늘어나고 있다. 이러한 가운데 홍수피해의 90% 이상이 도심지 홍수피해라고 할 만큼 도심지의 수재해에 대한 대비가 필요한 실정이다. 이러한 요구에 따라 도심지 복합지하공간 하부에 지하저류공동 시설물을 시공하여 도심지 홍수피해 시 복합지하공간에 대한 안정성을 확보하고자 한다. 지하저류공동에서 저장된 빗물을 원활히 제어하기 위해서는 한 개의 공동보다 다수의 저류공동 시설로 설계하는 것이 유리하다. 다수의 저류공동으로 시공을 할 경우 공동과 공동 사이의 필라 구조물에 상부의 하중이 집중되기 때문에 필라 구조물에서 안정성 확보 방안이 필수적이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 필라부의 안정성을 확보하기 위한 필라부 보강공법을 개발하였다. 필라부 보강공법은 철근과 PC강연선으로 구성된 보강재를 필라부에 삽입한 후 가압 그라우팅을 하고, 프리스트레스를 가하는 공법이다. 따라서 기존의 프리케스트 콘트리트 구조물로 필라부를 보강하는 것과 달리 원지반을 직접 보강하는 공법으로 원지반의 강도를 최대한 활용할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 먼저, 가압 그라우팅을 하였을 경우 지반 보강효과뿐만 아니라 필라부에 가해지는 상부의 하중을 경감시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다. 또한 프리스트레스를 가하게 되면 필라부에 내압을 가하는 효과로 인하여 지반강도를 증가시키는 역할을 기대할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 보강효과를 통해서 필라부 주변지반의 거동이 어떻게 변화할 것인지를 판단하고자 한다. 먼저, 수치해석을 통해서 각 시공단계별 필라부 지반의 응력 변화 양상을 판단하였다. 이를 통해서 가압 그라우팅과 프리스트레스에 의한 효과를 검증할 수 있었다.

FLOW-3D를 이용한 우이천의 홍수특성 분석 (Analysis of the flood Characteristics in the Woo-Ee Stream Using FLOW-3D)

  • 윤선권;문영일;김종석;오근택;이수곤
    • 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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    • pp.603-607
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    • 2007
  • Recently, the frequency of unexpecting heavy rains has been increased due to abnormal climate and extreme rainfall. There was a limit to analyze one dimension or two dimension stream flow of domestic rivers that was applied simple momentum equation and fixed energy conservation. Therefore, hydrodynamics flow analysis in rivers has been needed three dimensional numerical analysis for correct stream flow interpolation. In this study, CFD model on FLOW-3D was applied to stream flow analysis, which solves three dimension RANS(Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equation) control equation to find out physical behavior and the effect of hydraulic structures. Numerical simulation accomplished those results was compared by using turbulence models such as $k-{\backepsilon}$, RNG $k-{\backepsilon}$ and LES. Those numerical analysis results have been illustrated to bends and junctions by the turbulence energy effects, velocity of flow distributions, water level pressure distributions and eddy flows.

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회귀계수의 유의성 검정방법에 따른 설계강우량 시간분포 분석 (Temporal distritution analysis of design rainfall by significance test of regression coefficients)

  • 박진희;이재준
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제55권4호
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    • pp.257-266
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    • 2022
  • 국지성 호우 및 설계빈도 이상 강우의 증가로 침수피해가 매년 증가하고 있으며 이에 따라 홍수 조절 및 방어를 위한 수공구조물의 중요성이 증가하고 있다. 수공구조물은 목적과 성능에 따른 설계가 이루어지고 있고 홍수량이 중요한 산정 요소이나 국내에서는 관측자료의 신뢰성 부족 및 데이터의 부족으로 인하여 수공구조물 설계를 위한 수문해석 입력자료로 사용되는 설계강우량은 정확한 확률강우량의 산정과 시간분포가 중요한 요소로 작용한다. 실무에서는 Huff의 4분위 방법의 누가우량백분율을 이용하여 설계강우량의 시간분포 회귀식을 산정하고 있으며 분위별 곡선에 대한 회귀식은 전반적으로 정확도가 높게 나타나는 6차 다항회귀식을 일률적으로 사용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 실무에서 일반적으로 설계강우량의 시간분포를 위해 사용하고 있는 Huff의 4분위 방법의 누가우량백분율을 이용하여 통계 모델링에서 간결함의 원리에 따라 변수선택법을 이용하여 시간분포 회귀식을 유도하였으며, 유의성 검정을 통한 시간분포 회귀식의 검증을 실시하였다. 변수선택법과 유의성 검정을 통한 시간분포 회귀식 산정 결과 전진선택법과 후방제거법의 장점을 모두 가지고 있는 단계선택법을 이용하여 시간분포 회귀식을 유도하는 것이 가장 적합한 것으로 분석되었다.

유역 특성과 유출추적에 의한 단위도 해석에 관한 고찰 (A Study on the Interpretalion of the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph According to the Characteristics of catchment Area and Runoff Routing)

  • 서승덕
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.1088-1096
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    • 1966
  • The following is a method of synthetic unitgraph derivation based on the routing of a time area diagram through channel storage, studied by Clark-Jonstone and Laurenson. Unithy drograph (or unitgraph) is the hydrograph that would result from unit rainfall\ulcorner excess occuring uniformly with respect to both time and area over a catchment in unit time. By thus standarzing rainfall characteristics and ignoring loss, the unitgraph represents only the effects of catchment characteristics on the time distribution of runoff from a catchment The situation abten arises where it is desirable to derive a unitgraph for the design of dams, large bridge, and flood mitigation works such as levees, floodways and other flood control structures, and are also used in flood forecasting, and the necessary hydrologie records are not available. In such cases, if time and funds permit, it may be desirable to install the necessary raingauges, pruviometers, and stream gaging stations, and collect the necessary data over a period of years. On the otherhand, this procedure may be found either uneconomic or impossible on the grounds of time required, and it then becomes necessary to synthesise a unitgraph from a knowledge of the physical charcteristics of the catchment. In the preparing the approach to the solution of the problem we must select a number of catchment characteristic(shape, stream pattern, surface slope, and stream slope, etc.), a number of parameters that will define the magnitude and shape of the unit graph (e.g. peak discharge, time to peak, and base length, etc.), evaluate the catch-ment characteristics and unitgraph parameters selected, for a number of catchments having adequate rainfall and stream data and obtain Correlations between the two classes of data, and assume the relationships derived in just above question apply to other, ungaged, Catchments in the same region and, knowing the physical characteritics of these catchments, substitute for them in the relation\ulcorner ships to determine the corresponding unitgraph parameters. This method described in this note, based on the routing of a time area diagram through channel storage, appears to provide a logical line of research and they allow a readier correlation of unitgraph parameters with catchment characteristics. The main disadvantage of this method appears to be the error in routing all elements of rainfall excess through the same amount of storage. evertheless, it should be noted that the synthetic unitgraph method is more accurate than the rational method since it takes account of the shape and tophography of the catchment, channel storage, and temporal variation of rainfall excess, all of which are neglected in rational method.

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한강 이촌-반포 만곡부의 편수위 연구 (Study of Superelevation of Ichon-Banpo Bend Flow in the Han River)

  • 이정규;김주영;박현진;강지예
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2009년도 학술발표회 초록집
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    • pp.810-814
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    • 2009
  • Two dimensional steady and unsteady numerical models are applied to bend reaches of the Lower Han River and the superelevation at the Ichon-Banpo bend area of Han River was observed. The flow characteristics in the meandering river are complicated due to the effects of the centrifugal force. The centrifugal force makes the outside water surface level increase and the outside velocity decrease. To study this complex flow studying two dimensional flow is important and useful to design flood control countermeasures, the analysis of sedimentation and the site selection of intake structures. Especially, the superelevation between inside and outside of the bend should be considered to determine the height of embankment. In this study, the water surface elevations in both bank sides of the bend were measured in two reaches during floods in 2007 and 2008. And then the two-dimensional simulation using RMA-2 model was carried out. The upstream and downstream boundary conditions on bend reaches were determined by FLDWAV which is one-dimensional unsteady model. Finally, the observed data are compared with simulation results and the results of the several superelevation formulas, and the flow characteristics of the bend are discussed.

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국책사업 예비타당성조사 평가항목별 중요도 분석 - 댐 개발사업을 중심으로 - (The Analysis of Assessment Factors for Preliminary Feasibility Study of Dam Project in Korea)

  • 구자건;이무춘
    • 환경영향평가
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    • 제13권6호
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    • pp.307-314
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    • 2004
  • Among large developmental projects, those of the government and public institutions with the total budget of more than 50billion wons can be executed only when the feasibility of the project has been testified through the procedure of preliminary feasibility study. Multi-purpose dams are public structures that can supply water, produce electricity, and control flood, they belong to large national projects that require legal evaluation procedures such as preliminary feasibility study and environmental impact assessment(EIA). The index that should be considered to be important in dam plan is the migration of residents in submerged district. The importance in the preliminary feasibility study is 4.93 points(98.6 in the scale of 100 at maximum). Among the 12 assessment elements of the policy and economy in the preliminary feasibility study, the element of environment assessment is turned out to be 4.68 points in the assessment importance (93.5 in the scale of 100 at maximum), which is the second in the total ranking and the first in the field of policy, indicating that the element is very important in dam construction planning.

친환경 정비공법 선정 지원을 위한 웹기반 정보시스템 구축 (Development for Eco-Design of Hydraulic Structures based on Web-based Information System)

  • 조영권;김관호;김한중;최수명
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제50권1호
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    • pp.95-106
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    • 2008
  • Eco-friendly material and implementation methods have become important along with the existing standardized maintenance concept for the irrigation and flood control. However, the intrinsic function of the hydraulic structure is water supply and disaster prevention. Therefore, the material and work methods should be considered both eco-friendliness, durability and safety which are prerequisite elements to maintain the engineering function. In this study eco-friendly material and work methods would be classified into the vegetation based system, eco-friendly concrete system and stone-material system according to the characteristics of material. The quality standard for durability followed KS specification and related regulations. The quality standard for safety and eco-friendliness was set after literature review, and the database was developed using the standard. The structure applicable to onsite - the eco-friendly material and work method were classified based on the function and material of the hydraulic structure. Finally, database has been established for convenient management and selection of the proper material and work method. The eco-friendly material and work method could be searched easily for the convenience of the users, and the web-based data system has been developed for continuous registration of the material and work methods to be developed in the future.