• 한국안광학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2004

일상생활에서 안정 피로가 없는 편안한 시생활을 위해서는 완전한 굴절 교정뿐만 아니라 완전한 양안시 교정을 필요로 한다. 그것을 위해서는 먼저 존재 하고 있는 각 비정시의 정량적 값에 대한 정확한 이해가 필수적이다. 일반 굴절 검사가 하나의 시표만으로는 행해 질수 없는 것처럼 각비정시(angular ametropia, associated phoria) 검사도 역시 하나의 시표만으로는 불가능 하다. 그 이유는 대부분의 각비정시는 주시 시차를 동반하기 때문이다. 완전한 각비정시 검사를 위해서는 최소한 3종류의 검사 시표가 필요하다. 이 사실은 각 양안 검사 시표의 융합 자극 형태를 기초로 설명 될 수 있다. 이 3종류의 검사가 모두 시행 되지 않으면 대부분의 경우 저교정이 될 수 있다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.273-285
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• 2014

Purpose of this study is to analyze eye movements of pre-service teachers and elementary students about a visual material of the change on the lunar phases. Eye-Tracker was used for analysis for eye-fixation time and eye movement at the structure, behavior, function question on the visual material. The Results were as follows. First, the pre-service teacher checked the visual materials from a holistic perspective depending on the function questions and fixed eye-fixation on the moon of the behavior question concerned. On the contrary, elementary school student only checked function of the moon located in the upper part and eye-fixation focus was spread here and there regardless of the questions. Second, the pre-service teacher gazed at the sun, earth and moon in a consecutive order depending on the questions to identify their spatial relations and checked location of the moon related to the question. On the contrary, the elementary school student did not view relations between earth, sun and moon from a spatial perspective. These findings indicate that the pre-service teacher conjures up the mechanism of the change on the lunar phases and confirms it in visual materials by visualizing change on the lunar phase model from earth's point of view while the elementary school student fails to take advantage of visual materials to visualize it from earth's point of view.

• 복식
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.49-66
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• 2003

In the relationship between post-modern feminism and the body. the body of women, which has been taken as 'other' by dominant arguments, has escaped from the fixed idea at post-modern times and the post-modern feminists tried to escape from the taste of the times about body image that was prevalent in the former times.'The taste of the times' here means the fixed physical form of ideal women's body by the educational custom, and it includes the educational prescription which establishes the docile body of women. This kind of educational custom aims at the perfect and permanent restriction on size, shape, desire, attitude and movement as well as on the overall demeanor and each part of the body. And the custom produces 'dependent and trained'. that is, inferiorized women's body. Hence, this paper points out that the feminity as a fixed Physical form should be overcome in order to move forward, and as one part of the effort, it attempts to analyze the designs which deformed and distorted women's body in 1990s. This research indicates that the work, which tries to deviate the fantasized and casted women's mystery, has been closely connected with the expression of 'non-separate bodies' and 'irregular body shapes' in 1990s, which aims at escaping from the fixation of women's body Image. Therefore, it is concluded that the target design trend of this research, which expressed the deformation and perversion of the body, provides the anti-these against the ideal body image of women and the these of feminity. which have been reproduced in various methods and patterns throughout the public and the culture on the whole by expressing the refusal and deviation of the existing women's body image through the post-fixation of the body pattern.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.92-95
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• 2003

34세 남자 환자로 등산중 실족으로 발생한 전방십자인대의 완전파열로 자가 슬괵건을 이용한 경핀 고정법으로 전방십자인대 재건술을 시행하였다. 술후 경과는 양호하였으나 술후 3개월째 굴신 신전 운동 시 슬부 후측면의 동통과 지속적인 관절내 부종 소견을 보였으며 수차례의 관절천자와 약물투여에도 반응이 없었다. 컴퓨터 단층 촬영 상후방 피질 골의 천공이 관찰되어 술후 6개월째 이차관절내시경 수술을 시행하였다. 내시경 소견상 경핀고정물의 전방부 1/3에 일치되는 투명한 이물질과 대퇴경골관절면의 연골의 손상이 관찰되었으며 이물 제거 후 증세는 호전되었다. 경핀 터널의 잘못된 위치가 실패의 원인이라고 생각되었으며 경핀고정법을 이용한 전방십자인대 재건술시, 슬관절 과굴곡 상태에서 예각의 대퇴 터널을 만들어 후방 피질 골을 두껍게 남기고, 핀 홀을 만들 때 경핀가이드를 횡상과축보다 $10\~20$도 외회전시켜야 대퇴골 후방피질골의 천공을 방지할 수 있어 조기 실패를 예방할 수 있다고 생각된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.555-558
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• 2011

Purpose: It is relatively unusual that infraorbital rim fracture is accompanied by nasal bone fracture. In order to correct effectively, subciliary approach and intranasal manipulation are applied simultaneously. But if reduction is not successful, intranasal manipulation may become aggressive and this often causes complications. We introduce a method using intermaxillary fixation screws for decreasing such complications and effective reduction of fracture. Methods: Total seven patients with fracture of frontal process of maxilla were treated with this method. The fracture site was exposed through the subciliary approach, and one or two screws were inserted into the displaced fracture fragment. During the traction of the screws using the wire, the fracture fragment was pushed upward from the intranasal side using an elevator supplementarily and fixed with a plate and the screws. Results: In all patients, the fracture fragment was reduced successfully and no complication occurred during one year's postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: When reduction cannot be attained through a bone hook or an elevator alone, reduction of fracture fragment can be done easily using intermaxillary fixation screws. This method is less likely to cause a mucosal injury because intranasal manipulation is not aggressive. Furthermore, as the screw can be inserted and removed easily, this method is considered effective not only for fracture of frontal process of maxilla but also for fractures in other regions.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2008년도 제16차 학술대회
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• pp.178-178
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• 2008

In order to improve static stability and healing of reattached labrum, we combined the advantages of suture bridge and transosseous technique. Using the conventional 3 portal for anterior instability, check stability of bony Bankart and preparation of glenoid bed in 3 way including removal, reshaping or mobilization of bony fragment. Two anchors were inserted to the superior and inferior portion and medial edge of bony Bankart lesion. It usually corresponded to the area of IGHL. Medial mattress sutures were applied around IGHL complex to get enough depth of glenoid coverage using suture hook. Make 3.5mm pushlock anchor hole to the articular edge of glenoid cartilage. Proximal suture bridge was applied at first and then distal suture bridge was inserted to mobilize the labrum in proximal direction. These construction can provide more stable labral repair with wide contact and compression in case of deficient bony stability. It not only avoids technical disadvantage of point contact with anchor fixation, but also decreasing gap formation through cross compression of labrum that couldn't gain even with the transosseous fixation which affords linear compression effect. Additional bony stability could be gained if the the bony fragment was mobilized to the glenoid margin with potential healing bed or reshaped for the good contact with reattached labrum.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.58-64
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• 1984

반응성염료중 chlorotriazinyl계 염료로 견직물에 날염가공 하여, 증열시간, 호료의 점도, 알칼리농도에 의한 염착량 및 고착량을 측정하여 견에 대한 반응성염료의 날염특성에 관하여 연구한 결과를 다음과 같이 요약한다. 1) 증열시간과 더불어 염착량 및 고착량은 증가하였으며, dichlorotriazinyl계 염료는 20분부근에서 최대치를 나타내었다. 2) 고착률은 90%이상으로 높은 고착률을 나타내었다. 3) 호료의 점도에 따라 염착량 및 고착량은 달라지며, 적당한 점도가 필요함을 시사한다. 4) 알칼리 농도는 호료 100g에 대하여 NaHCO$_3$2g을 첨가하였을 때 염착량 및 고착량이 가장 높았다. 5) 염색견뢰도중, 실용상 가장 중요한 세탁견뢰도가 매우 높았다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2014

There are many treatment options in management of mandibular condylar neck fractures. Closed reduction is the most conservative treatment; however, achievement of anatomic reduction is difficult, and there are some risks of mandibular functional impairment. Open anatomic reduction and internal fixation have some advantages; therefore, many oral and maxillofacial surgeons have attempted to achieve anatomic reduction through the open approach and extracorporeal reduction and fixation. However, when using this method, there is some risk of resorption of the fractured mandibular condylar head. Therefore, we designed a modified extracorporeal reduction technique, without detaching the lateral pterygoid muscle in order to maintain the blood supply to the fractured mandibular condylar head. We believe that this minor modification may minimize the risk of resorption of the fractured mandibular condylar head. In this article, we introduce this technique in detail, and report on two cases.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 1999

Eye movements serve vision by placing the image of an object on the fovea of each retina, and by preventing slippage of images on the retina. The brain employs two modes of ocular motor control, fast eye movements (saccades) and smooth eye movements. Saccades bring the fovea to a target, and smooth eye movements prevent retinal image slip. Smooth eye movements comprise smooth pursuit, the optokinetic reflex, the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), vergence, and fixation. Saccades achieve rapid refixation of targets that fall on the extrafoveal retina by moving the eyes at peak velocities that can exceed $700^{\circ}/s$. Various brain lesions can affect saccadic latency, velocity, or accuracy. Smooth pursuit maintains fixation of a slowly moving target. The pursuit system responds to slippage of an image near the fovea in order to accelerate the eyes to a velocity that matches that of the target. When smooth eye movements velocity fails to match target velocity, catch-up saccades are used to compensate for limited smooth pursuit velocities. The VOR subserves vision by generating conjugate eye movements that are equal and opposite to head movements. If the VOR gain (the ratio of eye velocity to head velocity) is too high or too low, the target image is off the fovea, and head motion causes oscillopsia, an illusory to-and-fro movement of the environment.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 1979

3종의 유기물을 첨가한 산성, 알카리성 답 토양에 방사성 아연비료($^{65}ZnSO_4$)를시용(施用)하고 $^{60}Co$ gamma선을 조사(照射)하였을때 시용한 $^{65}Zn$의 고정(固定)과 방출(放出)에 어떤 영향을 주는가를 보기 위하여 실험실내에서 항온방치 실험을 행한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 산성, 알카리성 답 토양에 시용한 $^{65}ZnSO_4$는 이들 토양에 고정되므로 DTPA용액에의 가용성 $^{65}Zn$ 는 방치시간이 경과 할수록 감소되다가 항온방치 4주 부터 고액상(固液相)간에 평형을 유지하게된다. 이 평형상태하에서 $^{65}ZnSO_4$의 대부분은 고상(固相)에 흡착 고정되는데 그 정도는 산성인 금곡토양에서는 $^{65}Zn$의 89% (방사능 기준) 이었고, 알카리성인 석회암질 제천토양에서는 93.7% 이었다. 산성. 알카리성 답 토양에 gamma선을 조사(照射)하면 $^{65}Zn$의 고정은 감소되므로 가용성 $^{65}Zn$ 는 증가한다. 고정된 $^{65}Zn$의 DTPA 용액에의 가용정도는 산성인 금곡토양에서는 38.9% 이었고 알카리성 석회암질 제천토양에서는 9.5%에 불과 하였다. 고정된 $^{65}Zn$의 gamma선 조사(照射)에 의한 방출은 답 토양의 pH에 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 즉 고정된 $^{65}Zn$의 방출은 pH가 얕은 산성토양에서 현저했고 알카리성 토양에서는 적었다. 금곡토양에 gamma선을 조사하면 $^{65}Zn$의 유효도가 커지는 것으로 봐서 산성조건에서는 고정된 아연은 더 가용화 된다고 본다. 유기물 급원(給源)별 방사선 영향 차이는 인정되지 않았다. 그러나 gamma선을 조사하지 않았을 때 Glucose 처리는 Cellulose나 생고분말(生藁粉末)을 첨가했을 때 보다 DTPA 가용성 $^{65}Zn$은 더 방출(放出)되었다.