• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.165-175
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• 2008

Pacific saury, Cololabis saira kwamaegi, is a traditional local food of the Eastern sea area centering around Pohang. It is well-recognized as being both tasty and nutritious. Nevertheless, bacterial contamination, excessive dryness, and compositional changes have made it edible only during the winter months. Therefore, to improve its storage, this study examined the effects of storage material, type, temperature, and duration on compositional changes in kwamaegi. The studied samples were kwamaegis that had been dried naturally for 15 days. The storage materials included an A-film, a self-developed multi-film made of polyethylene, polyamide, EVOH, and polyethylene; as well as a B-film made of polyethylene, nylon, polyethylene, nylon and polyethylene. The B films were used after pressing and laminating. The storage types included one whole fish(1G), or 2 divided fish(2G), to increase eating convenience. The 2G type was the muscle portion divided vertically after discarding the jowl, skin, and internal organs. The storage temperatures were $0^{\circ}C$, $-15^{\circ}C$, and $-30^{\circ}C$, and the storage durations were 2, 4, and 6 months. Pathogenic bacteria and rheology were measured to observe general compositional changes. The whole kwamaegi showed a total cell number of $1,565{\pm}112$ CFU/100 g flesh, while the divided Kwamaegi showed significantly greater bacterial numbers at $2,031{\pm}145$ CFU/100 g flesh. Psychrophils and halophils increased significantly while coliform were not found; the number of mesophils also increased, but not significantly. There were no significant cell number variations between the A-film and B-film. At $0^{\circ}C$, both the A-and B-films resulted in cell numbers of $115{\sim}212$ CFU/100 g flesh, revealing just $7.3{\sim}10.4%$ of the initial storage levels. Overall, there were no significant differences between the storage materials. Generally, as the storage temperature and duration increased, the moisture content of the kwamaegi decreased. Also, as storage duration and temperature increased, crude protein and crude lipid contents increased; in addition, they increased proportionally as the moisture content of the fish decreased. There were no significant differences in crude ash content with respect to the storage materials, storage temperatures, or storage durations. Finally, there were no significant differences between the kwamaegi samples naturally dried for 15 days and those stored in the B-film vacuum storage for 6 months for strength, hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, and water activity.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.678-690
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• 2020

In this study, the histological changes of Zacco platypus exposed to discharge from a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP), which is a point source, for a long time (2 to 3 years) were compared to the same species at a reference site (Ref.). Overall, tissues displayed various lesions in samples obtained at the point where discharge water from the point source was mixed. In the skin tissue, mucus cells from the epithelial layer expanded to the multilayered epithelium, indicating the immune system was activated. Epithelial cell detachment and proliferation were most prominent in the gills, which may have adversely affected circulation and respiration. Our data suggest immune system collapse was due to stimulation by aquatic substances. Both the fish phase analysis and the water quality analysis demonstrated depreciated conditions at the point source as compared to the reference stream, supporting the histological health evaluation results. These data together suggest a histological approach can also be used to assess water quality, and to an even higher degree when combined with other existing methods. Given the presented evaluation, improvement in the water quality of water discharged from WTP's is required.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.179-184
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• 2022

In this study, edible films made of fish and mammalian gelatins were produced using heat pressing, and their physical properties were investigated. Transparent and smooth films were formed continuously and uniformly using a mixture of fish skin gelatin (FG) or mammalian gelatin (MG), glycerol, and water under the process of heat pressing at 90℃ and 20 MPa for 5 min. Heat-pressed FG films possessed lower light transmittance and tensile strength than heat-pressed MG films; however, their appearance, surface morphology, water vapor permeability, lightness, and redness were not different from those of heat-pressed MG films. Although heat-pressed FG films had lower tensile strength, they had a flatter and more uniform surfaces and demonstrated higher transparency and moisture barrier properties compared to the casted FG films. These results demonstrate the potential utility of heat pressing for the large-scale production of edible films using both FG and MG.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1309-1314
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• 2007

Investigation on health conditions of Thai koi (Anabas testudineus) were carried out through clinical and histopathological observations from different farms of Mymensingh district for seven months during August 2006 to February 2007. Fish sampling and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH) were monitored on a monthly basis. Clinical examination of fishes was also carried out for any kind of abnormalities at monthly intervals. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were observed by histological technique. Among the water quality parameters the values of water temperature, dissolved oxygen were found to be at unfavorable level for fish during the colder months in the farms. Clinically it was observed that fishes were more affected from December to January and almost normal in appearance during August to September and February. Different clinical symptoms like scale loss, dermal lesion, ulcer and loss of caudal fin were noticed in December and January. In histopathological study, structures of fish organs were normal from August to September. In the months of October and November, minor pathologies were found to be started. Marked pathological changes like necrosis, pyknosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, missing of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed in the months of December and January. Whereas, in the month of February the pathological condition of fish gradually reduced. Again when considered individual fish farm, fishes of Reliance Aqua Farm were more affected than Sotota Matshya Hatchery. The study showed that severity of clinical and pathological changes were increased in December and January. During the period EUS and protozoan diseases were noticed in A. testudineus of the investigated farms.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 1999

Ten specimens of pufferfish Lagocephalus gloveri(called Gumeun-mibog in Korean) were purchased at a fish market in Pusan Korea. The pufferfishes were immediately frozen packed in ice boxes transpor-ted to our laboratory and then dissected in to four parts. The tissues were homoginized after adding with chloroform: methanol mixture solution and storaged at cool and dark place to extract total lipid. The total lipid contents were 29,34∼36.54% in liver 4.95∼6.11% in intestine 1.08∼1.60% in skin and 0.23∼0.38% in muscle of the pufferfish respectively. The contents of DHA and EPA were higher in the total lipids of livers showing 15.99% DHA and 3.04% EPA. The other fatty acids in the total lipids of liver were mainly composed of palmitic acid(16:0) palmitoleic acid(16:1) stearic acid(18:0) and oliec acid(18:1) Furthermore the contents of neurtral lipids were 95.45% and those of phospholipids and glycolipids were 1.45 and 3.09% respectively. Main fattty acids of the neutral lipid were composed of palmitic acid(16:0) stearic acid(18:0) oleic acid(18:1) oleic acid(18:1) EPA(20:6) and DHA(22:6) The contents of DHA and EPA were 16.62 and 2.41% respectvely. From these results of toxicity in the raw liver the tissue was judged to be nontoxic before and after extracting of total lipid.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 1994

Spawning of the bitterling, Acheilognathus yamatsutae into the mussel was studied from 1990 to 1992 in Lake Uiam, Korea. This fish preferred to spawn in certain mussel species such as Unio douglasiae, U. douglasiae sinuolatus, Lamprotula gottsehei and Anodonta arcaeformis flavotincta in order of preference. Within the same species of mussel, they preferred the larger size. Eggs and larvae were commonly located in the inner demibranch of mussels. Average number of eggs or larvae per mussel was 3.6(ranged from 1 to 35). The eggs of the bitterling were hatched out within 41 hours when water temperature remained over $20^{\circ}C$ and the larvae already possessed minute tubercles on the skin and yolk projections to prevent themselves being washed out from mussels.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.141-144
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• 1995

The pufferfish Takifugu vermicularis radiatus (Gukmeri-bog) was examined for toxicity. Thirty-one specimens, which had obtained from creeks of Inchon and Ansan in Spring and Autumn of 1992 and 1993, Korea, were assayed for anatomical distribution of toxicity by mouse bioassay method. Ovary, testis, liver and muscle showed very strong toxicity, and intestine and skin did moderate toxicity. Their average toxicities were moderately toxic in all. Moreover, the toxicities of liver and intestine were stronger in Spring than Autumn. Judging from the results, T. vermicularis radiatus is considered to be very harmful fish. Consequently, it is necessary to take a proper preventive step against food poisoning by pufferlish ingestion.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.363-368
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• 2015

The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol were studied in healthy and vibriosis-infected large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) following administration of a single oral dose of $20mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ at $25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$. After oral administration, florfenicol levels in tissues (liver, kidney, muscle, serum, and skin) were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. A two-compartment open model was used to describe the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol following oral administration. Compared to the healthy group, the absorption rate of vibriosis-infected fish significantly decreased, peak-time ($T_{max}$) delayed, maximum concentration ($C_{max}$) declined, total body clearance decreased, the elimination half-life ($T_{1/2{\beta}}$) was extended, and the area under the curve increased. These results indicate that a $20mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ oral dose of florfenicol administered once daily continuously for 4 or 5 days can be used for the treatment of Vibrio alginolyticus infection in large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea).

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.306-310
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• 2012

A hypogean gobiid, Luciogobius pallidus was described as the first record from Korea and also as the westernmost record of the species from the world, based on four specimens (31.2~53.6 mm SL) collected from Jeju Island, Korea. The species is characterized by having yellowish orange body color with I, 10~11 second dorsal fin rays, I, 10~12 anal fin rays, 13~15 pectoral fin rays, and 36 vertebrae as well as small embedded eyes beneath the skin. A new Korean name, "Juhong-mi-ggeun-mang-dug" was proposed for the species.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1092-1099
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• 2002

Observations are made on the causes and symptoms of diseases related to Jung in 'the precious mirror of oriental medicine' From the study of those clinical cases diagnosed and treated with hyungsang medicine, the following conclusions are drawn Jung is made from shin of parents and it is the basis of the body. it can be derived in to two ; the innate and the acquired. diseases of Jung come from unbalanced meals, immoderate drinking immoderate sexual life, emotional disturbance and irregular daily life. diseases of Jung affect not only reproductive organs but also the body all over. persons with following configurational characteries tic. one easily attacked with diseases Jung ; fish type, bird type, Jung type, shin type, thin, male, pod peoples, pronounced or slanted mouth and nose upturned. nose, congested and inanimated eyes, pale lips, big or red cheekbone, rough skin and grizzled hair. To preserve and satisfy Jung, it is necessary to practice temperance in sexual life, emotions, daily life and meals.