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http://dx.doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2020.38.4.678

Impacts of stream water quality and fish histopathology by effluents of wastewater treatment plant  

Kim, Hye-Jin (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University)
An, Kwang-Guk (Department of Biological Science, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Environmental Biology / v.38, no.4, 2020 , pp. 678-690 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, the histological changes of Zacco platypus exposed to discharge from a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP), which is a point source, for a long time (2 to 3 years) were compared to the same species at a reference site (Ref.). Overall, tissues displayed various lesions in samples obtained at the point where discharge water from the point source was mixed. In the skin tissue, mucus cells from the epithelial layer expanded to the multilayered epithelium, indicating the immune system was activated. Epithelial cell detachment and proliferation were most prominent in the gills, which may have adversely affected circulation and respiration. Our data suggest immune system collapse was due to stimulation by aquatic substances. Both the fish phase analysis and the water quality analysis demonstrated depreciated conditions at the point source as compared to the reference stream, supporting the histological health evaluation results. These data together suggest a histological approach can also be used to assess water quality, and to an even higher degree when combined with other existing methods. Given the presented evaluation, improvement in the water quality of water discharged from WTP's is required.
Keywords
wastewater treatment plant; biomarker; histological; water quality; fish fauna;
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