• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2021

Renal injuries occur in more than 10% of patients who sustain blunt abdominal injuries. Non-operative management (NOM) is the established treatment strategy for lowgrade (I-III) renal injuries. However, despite some evidence that NOM can be successfully applied to high-grade (IV, V) renal injuries, it remains unclear whether NOM is appropriate in such cases. The authors report two cases of high-grade renal injuries that underwent NOM after embolization in a hybrid emergency room (ER) system with a 24/7 in-house interventional radiology (IR) team. A 29-year-old male visited Wonkwang University Hospital Regional Trauma Center complaining of right abdominal pain after being hit by a rope. Computed tomography (CT) was performed 16 minutes after arrival, and the CT scan indicated a grade V right renal injury. Arterial embolization was initiated within 31 minutes of presentation. A 56-year-old male was transferred to Wonkwang University Hospital Regional Trauma Center with a complaint of right flank pain. He had initially presented to a nearby hospital after falling from a 3-m height. Thanks to the key CT images sent from the previous hospital prior to the patient's arrival, angiography was performed within 8 minutes of the patient's arrival and arterial embolization was completed within 25 minutes. Both patients were treated successfully through NOM with angioembolization and preserved kidneys. Hematoma in the first patient and urinoma in the second patient resolved with percutaneous catheter drainage. The authors believe that the hybrid ER system with an in-house IR team could contribute to NOM and kidney preservation even in high-grade renal injuries.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.869-880
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• 2021

Herein, we estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of non-Gaussian signals for nested arrays (NAs) by implementing the fourth-order difference co-array (FODC) and successive methods. In particular, considering the property of the fourth-order cumulant (FOC), we first construct the FODC of the NA, which can obtain O(N⁴) virtual elements using N physical sensors, whereas conventional FOC methods can only obtain O(N²) virtual elements. In addition, the closed-form expression of FODC is presented to verify the enhanced degrees of freedom (DOFs). Subsequently, we exploit the vectorized FOC (VFOC) matrix to match the FODC of the NA. Notably, the VFOC matrix is a single snapshot vector, and the initial DOA estimates can be obtained via the discrete Fourier transform method under the underdetermined correlation matrix condition, which utilizes the complete DOFs of the FODC. Finally, fine estimates are obtained through the spatial smoothing-Capon method with partial spectrum searching. Numerical simulation verifies the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.437-443
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 LTE 기지국 (BS; base station)과 단말기 (UE; user equipment) 간의 거리를 신호 도달 시간 (TOA; time-of-arrival)을 이용해 계산하는 알고리즘을 소개하였다. 먼저, 수신된 신호를 발신한 기지국을 판별하기 위해 primary synchronization signal (PSS)와 secondary synchronization signal (SSS)를 이용하여 셀 아이디를 취득하였다. 제시된 알고리즘에서는 상용 LTE 신호에 포함된 기준 시퀀스인 cell-specific reference signal (CRS)를 구축된 자원 그리드에서의 2차원 상호 상관을 통해 지연 시간을 계산하였다. 지연 시간의 변화는 신호 도달 시간의 변화로 계산되어 알려진 BS의 위치로부터 UE와의 거리를 계산하는 과정에 사용할 수 있다. 제시된 알고리즘의 성능은 실제 환경에서의 상용 LTE 신호를 이용한 거리 계산 실험에 사용되어 평가되었다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제20권A호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2000

Various nondestructive prospecting method were applied to detect the flaws of concrete structure, but the satisfactory result could not be obtained, yet. Fracture and cavities existing concrete structure will have a bad effect on physical and mechanical characteristic of concrete. This study deal with detection of flaws using seismic first arrival and various inversion method in theoretical model. And ultrasonic seismic method is tried to experimental model to detect fracture and cavity.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제24권64호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2001

In make-to-order manufacturing, if orders are processed and promise first-served base, then the urgent orders from important customers in .practice, orders are not confirmed upon receipt; and delayed as uncertainty of due date causes significant waste of cost and time. propose a new concept of reserved capacity as an alternative to accommodate the urgent orders from important customers, while the due dale of all of orders arrival; and suggest a flew operational policies.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2008년도 공동학술대회
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• pp.69-72
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• 2008

EZTOMO는 시추공 주시토모그래피 소프트웨어 시스템이다. 이 시스템은 초동발췌, 파선추적, 역산, 오차분석 및 시각화 기능을 보유하고 있다. 이 연구에서는 시스템의 초동발췌 와 역산법을 개선 보완하였다. 초동의 파형정보를 사용한 초동발췌 방법과 초동신호의 S/N(신호 대 잡음비)을 사용한 역산법의 보완이다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 1999

The purposes of this study which was conducted by studying the literature on Emergency Medical Dispatch System are to provide some developmental policies of quality management, pre-arrival instructions, priority dispatch protocols, training program for the dispatchers(Emergency Medical Dispatchers or EMDs) in Korea and to promote understanding emergency medical dispatching. The conclusions from this summarized as follows; (1) It is confirmed that there has been little study on the Emergency Medical Dispatch System in Korea, because for the first time, the real Emergency Medical Services were introduced into Korea in 1994, and the importance of the Emergency Medical Dispatch System has not been realized. (2) Only some squads are using a set of dispatch protocols, others aren't. (3) In spite of trying to introduce a new set of dispatch protocols, it isn't the priority dispatch system using a complete set of dispatch protocols which has key questions, pre-arrival instructions, mode & configuration based on patient assessment. (4) The EMS is unable to promote the service capacity by using quality management, because there is no medical control on the emergency medical dispatching and the EMDs. (5) There are no medical directors in the communications center who are in charge of the medical control to detect problems derived from the EMS and to solve them. (6) There are no systematic training program for the EMDs who are taking charge of dispatching. (7) Having a deep relation to the elements of the EMS, the emergency medical dispatching is subject to restriction of those elements.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.102-115
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate transport activities and strategize improvement of 119 rescue. We reviewed emergency care records of users who were transported by 119 rescue of six agencies in Chungnam from July 13, 1998 to August 8, 1998. The results were as follows ; 1. In sex distribution of users, the male was 65.0%. And the highest age group among users was above sixties(21.6%), then thirties in second order(19.3%). Accident was 50.8% as occupied first cause of transport, and then acute disease 22.8%. The highest requester for 119 rescue call was patient's families(47.1%) and average number of 119 rescue users per day was 20.9. 2. The nonurgent state of users was 58.9%. The frequency of users was 26.0 persons at sunday in most frequently, weekend and holiday was more common than ordinary day, and most frequent weather state was cloudy(23.8 persons). 3. Total running distance of 119 ambulance was 7.0km in average. Call time by users was 20-24 hours most commonly(21.9%). In then running time by each transport stage, 8 minutes were taken from 119 call receipt to scene arrival, 13 minutes from scene arrival to hospital. The kinds of pre-hospital care by 119 rescuer was vital sign check(81.2%), wound dressing or fracture fixation(41.2%), airway maintenance and O2 supply(30.4%).

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2014

Exploiting the energy-delay tradeoff for energy saving is critical for developing green wireless communication systems. In this paper, we investigate the delay-constrained energy-efficient packet transmission. We aim to minimize the energy consumption of multiple randomly arrived packets in an additive white Gaussian noise channel subject to individual packet delay constraints, by taking into account the practical on-off circuit power consumption at the transmitter. First, we consider the offline case, by assuming that the full packet arrival information is known a priori at the transmitter, and formulate the energy minimization problem as a non-convex optimization problem. By exploiting the specific problem structure, we propose an efficient scheduling algorithm to obtain the globally optimal solution. It is shown that the optimal solution consists of two types of scheduling intervals, namely "selected-off" and "always-on" intervals, which correspond to bits-per-joule energy efficiency maximization and "lazy scheduling" rate allocation, respectively. Next, we consider the practical online case where only causal packet arrival information is available. Inspired by the optimal offline solution, we propose a new online scheme. It is shown by simulations that the proposed online scheme has a comparable performance with the optimal offline one and outperforms the design without considering on-off circuit power as well as the other heuristically designed online schemes.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.70-83
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• 1999

This study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and significant features of accidental patients and to evaluate the degree of satisfaction on emergency care who visited emergency room. The subject of this study was a total of 243 accidental patients and 249 patients with disease visiting emergency room of 4 university hospitals in Seoul. The data was collected from guestionnaire during the period of January to february 1999. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Distribution of the general characteristics (age, sex, educational status, marrital status and job) in the accidental patients were significantly different from that of the control group. The most common group of age was 20-30 years of age and males predominated over female. 2. CD Fourty two $\%$ of accidental patients arrived within 30 mins. (2) Fifty seven $\%$ of patients was first-aided one. (3) An ambulance was the most frequently used transportation. (4) The time interval from arrival to initial emergency care was 10 mins. (5) Admission rates of the patients after treatment was $72.0\%$. (6) Time interval from arrival to completion was 3-4 hours. 3. The Mean score of the accidental patents' degree of satisfaction on emergency services was $3.26\pm0.64$ which was not significantly different from that of control group.