• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.352-354
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.471-472
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• 2009

Recently, UH-PH SC (Ultra High PH Strength Concrete) used in High rise building is the material increases in tendency. Thus, the results indicate that it is possible to fireproof panels, fire protection of materials.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-41
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• 2020

In Part One, I documented the evolution of the use of the elevator and the iron frame to build ever-taller buildings that would eventually be called "skyscrapers," to offset the ever-increasing cost of Manhattan real estate. By the start of the Great Depression of the 1870s in 1873, New York architects had erected two ten-storied skyscrapers. In Part Two I document the major events, designers, and buildings in New York, Chicago, and other American cities that eventually culminated in the ability to erect 20 story skyscrapers by 1890.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.256-257
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• 2019

Recently, the fire risk of architectural structures is increasing due to the super high - rise and super - size of the buildings. Therefore, the direction of fire safety design tends to change from the existing design to the performance - based design. In particular, domestic fire safety policies are divided into building law and fire fighting law. In case of fire fighting law, performance design is already carried out. Therefore, this study summarizes the prediction formula for fire characteristics among the structural fireproofing design field as shown in Fig. 1 according to this situation, and compares it with the standard method of each country in particular.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.230-231
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• 2021

In this study, Dr. Bae Kyu-woong of the Korea Institute of Construction Technology developed a concrete module that was lightweighted to 1700kN with KC modules and met housing performance standards. It solves Construction lifts problem that was the limit of the PC module, and is an innovative model that greatly improves Construction period and economics with boxed modules, and is manufactured in the factory by extruded molding in vibration, noise, fireproofing standards, etc., and has the advantage of excellent precision and high strength. Therefore, if the framing house of a precast concretecan only be standardized in construction, its potential for growth will be endless. To do this, standardization, standardization, and modularization of the design are essential.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.137-143
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• 2014

Asbestos is given to a variety of six naturally occurring silicate minerals. These minerals possess high tensile strength, flexibility, resistance to chemical and thermal degradation, and electrical resistance. These minerals have been used for decades in thousands of commercial products, such as insulation and fireproofing materials, automotive brakes, textile products, cement and wallboard materials. When handled, asbestos can separate into microscopic-size particles that remain in the air and are easily inhaled. It is now known that prolonged inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause serious and fatal illnesses including malignant lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis. Therefore the use of asbestos and asbestos products has dramatically decreased in recent years. Also all constructions including asbestos should be removed under strictly controlled conditions and very tightly implemented health & safety management systems. In this study, the process of the removal work of the asbestos cement slate was analyzed by IDEF-0 modeling and evaluated by 4M risk assessment method. The results show that removal work of the asbestos cement slate was classified five process and eighteen detail process. The risk of safety side the higher than the risk of health side in 4M risk assessment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.454-465
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate trends in asbestos exposure among asbestos-handling industries from 2000 to 2005. Methods: The data included the number of industries and workers exposed, concentrations of asbestos and the amount exceeded, and the type and size of industry by year. These data were collected by 46 regional employment and labor offices in Korea using work environment monitoring reports. A total of 1,481 samples from 284 industries were extracted from the reports and were analyzed with no data modification. Results: The means of asbestos concentration decreased from $0.84f/cm^3$ to $0.03f/cm^3$ during the period 2000-2005. Among the total of 1,481 samples, 11 samples(0.7%) exceeded the KOEL, and 178 samples(12.0%) were ACGIH TLV. The insulating paper product manufacturing industry was found to have the highest level of asbestos, followed by the fireproofing manufacturing industry, brake lining products manufacturing industry, commutator products manufacturing industries, and construction materials manufacturing industry. The number of asbestos handling industries decreased from 48 industries with 1,155 employees to 37 industries during the period of 2000 to 2005, but the number of asbestos workers expanded to the point that 1,182 employees could be found in 2005. Conclusion: Based on these results, the strengthening of the KOEL and new regulations turned out to help reduce asbestos exposure levels. This study recommends that retrospective exposure to asbestos based on various industry types should be assessed.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.28-35
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• 2008

The Burj Dubai Project will be the tallest structure ever built by man; when completed the tower will be more than 700 meter tall and more than 160 floors. While the early integration of aerodynamic shaping and wind engineering considerations played a major role in the architectural massing and design of this multi-use/residential tower, where mitigating and taming the dynamic wind effects was one of the most important design criteria, the material selection for the structural systems of the tower was also a major consideration and required detailed evaluation of the material technologies and skilled labor available in the market at the time Concrete was selected for its strength, stiffness, damping, redundancy, moldability, free fireproofing, speed of construction, and cost effectiveness. In addition, the design challenges of using concrete for the design of the structural system components will be addressed. The focus on this paper will also be on the early planning of the concrete works of the Burj Dubai Project.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.569-576
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• 2018

In modern society, a huge number of the buildings have been constructed with RC structure. RC structures have many structural instabilities due to earthquake, typhoon, construction fault, design phase errors. Therefore, many reinforcement methods are being implemented to solve this problem. In the reinforcement method, the organic epoxy adhesive used in the FRP reinforcing method is abruptly damaged when exposed to high temperature, which is directly connected to the fall of the reinforcing material. Therefore, the present study was conducted to develop inorganic refractory mortar with a certain level of adhesion ability to reduce the heat transferred to FRP reinforcement when exposed to high temperatures. As a result of the test, it showed high adhesion strength at room temperature condition with the inclusion of EVA resin, and showed no performance deterioration up to about $300^{\circ}C$ even under heating conditions. Also, it was confirmed that the backside temperature was lower as the thickness increased, and converged to a constant temperature of about $780^{\circ}C$ after 2 hours of heating.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

Debates on what is the first skyscraper have been ongoing from time to time since the construction of the Home Insurance Building in Chicago in 1885, which is generally recognized as the first built skyscraper. This paper attempts to verify this assertion through a detailed investigation after identifying the criteria that characterize a skyscraper. By considering and examining several competing buildings for the title of "first skyscraper" in terms of their levels of satisfying these criteria, the paper reconfirms that the Home Insurance Building in Chicago indeed qualifies as the first skyscraper and is the harbinger of future skyscrapers. By introducing technological and associated architectural innovations in this pioneering building, its designer William Le Baron Jenney paved the way for the construction of future skyscrapers. In traditional construction, heavy masonry walls especially at lower levels did not allow large window openings in exterior walls that would permit ample daylight. For the Home Insurance Building, originally built with 10 stories, Jenney created a metal-framed skeletal structure that carried the building's loads, making the building lighter and allowed for large windows permitting ample natural light to the building's interior. The exterior iron columns were encased in relatively small masonry piers mainly for fireproofing, weather-protection and façade aesthetics. Relying on the structural framing on the building's perimeter, the exterior masonry thus turned into a rudimentary "curtain wall" system, heralding the use of curtain wall construction in future skyscrapers. This building's innovative structural system led to what is known as the "Chicago Skeleton," and eventually produced remarkable skyscrapers all over the world.