• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1982.05a
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• pp.13.1-13
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• 1982

Cysticercosis is not likely to be the first diagnosis the otologist has in the head and neck area. The fact that this disease may present a diagnostic and therapeutic problem is illustrated by one case, appearing in the face of right side. The local finding of a soft nontender mass, the typical calcifications in the soft tissues visible on roentgenograms, and the histopathological findings are described and illustrated. Attention is drawn to the fact that cerebral cysticercosis, which is a very grave disease, may cause tinnitus, nystagmus, and hearing disturbances. Recently, the authors have experienced a case of cysticercosis on the face in a 24-year-old male patient. We present this case with a brief review of the literatures.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.73-90
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• 2015

When we apply file commands on files in a directory, the directory as well as the file suffer changes in timestamps of MFT entry. Based on understanding of these changes, this work provides a digital forensic analysis on the timestamp changes of the directory influenced by execution of file commands. NTFS utilizes B-tree indexing structure for managing efficient storage of a huge number of files and fast lookups, which changes an index tree of the directory index when files are operated by commands. From a digital forensic point of view, we try to understand behaviors of the B-tree indexes and are looking for traces of files to collect information. But it is not easy to analyze the directory index entry when the file commands are executed. And researches on a digital forensic about NTFS directory and B-tree indexing are comparatively rare. Focusing on the fact, we present, in this paper, directory timestamp changes after executing file commands including a creation, a copy, a deletion etc are analyzed and a method for finding forensic evidences of a deletion of directory containing files. With some cases, i.e. examples of file copy and file deletion command, analyses on the problem of timestamp changes of the directory are given and the problem of finding evidences of a deletion of directory containging files are shown.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.131-142
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• 1991

The concept of criterion function is proposed as a framework for comparing the geometric and computational characteristics of various nonlinear programming approaches to linear programming such as the method of centers, Karmakar's algorithm and the gravitational method. Also, we discuss various computational issues involved in obtaining an efficient parallel implementation of these methods. Clearly, the most time consuming part in solving a linear programming problem is the direction finding procedure, where we obtain an improving direction. In most cases, finding an improving direction is equivalent to solving a simple optimization problem defined at the current feasible solution. Again, this simple optimization problem can be seen as a least squares problem, and the computational effort in solving the least squares problem is, in fact, same as the effort as in solving a system of linear equations. Hence, getting a solution to a system of linear equations fast is very important in solving a linear programming problem efficiently. For solving system of linear equations on parallel computing machines, an iterative method seems more adequate than direct methods. Therefore, we propose one possible strategy for getting an efficient parallel implementation of an iterative method for solving a system of equations and present the summary of computational experiment performed on transputer based parallel computing board installed on IBM PC.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.123-133
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• 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the restaurant business adversely. The restaurant business is essential for Thailand's economy as it generates high income and a high employment rate. This study aimed to determine the relationships between restaurant businesses. Furthermore, it examined the problems encountered during COVID-19 and measures already implemented and planned. The research is intended to resolve these issues. We collected data from 136 people who worked in restaurants in Bangkok, Thailand, via telephone interviews. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and correspondence analysis using SPSS. The findings of this analysis indicate that all restaurants, irrespective of their size, face problems, though their planned and remedial actions are different. One finding was that medium restaurants face more financial problems and increased costs than others. They are countering this challenge through measures such as applying for loans and transitioning into a "non-restaurant" business. Nevertheless, typical medium restaurants have not engaged in extensive planning for the future. Based on a fact-finding survey, we considered appropriate short- and long-term measures suitable for micro, small and medium restaurants. In addition, our study's findings will help policymakers and practitioners identify strategies for responding to the COVID-19 outbreak and other future crises.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.121-142
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• 2001

The goal of the National Assessment of Educational Achievement(NAEA) 2001 was to affirm the accountability of school education, to scientifically manage and elevate the quality of education at the national level, and to articulate the final design of the NAEA. It was implemented on June 28th of the year 2001. The assessment frame for NAEA includes the achievement standards, the assessment standards, the instruction for the item development, and the grading policy for mathematics subject. Most of items are multiple-choice types, but the performance-based items should be at least thirty percent of the total items, also 30% in case of mathematics. Approximately 1% of students among entire population of the Grades 6 were randomly selected. Therefore, the finally sampled examines were 8023 at Grade 6. The result of the analysis of the NAEA revealed that Grade 6 students was labelled as ‘average’ level in general (Number and Operation: average, Geometric figures: average, Patterns and Functions: excellent, Measurements: average, Letters and Expressions: average, Probability and Statistics: average). The most characteristic finding was that except for Grade 6(its average is 69.92), most secondary students obtained low test scores and its average of each grade is below 50 out of 100. Especially, the scores on the performance-based items were by and large very low. This finding implies that Korean students are not familiar with the kind of test items which requires expression of ideas and feelings and they are rather familiar with the multiple-choice items. Another interesting finding was that the students in small towns and remote areas showed significantly low scores in all four skills compared with Seoul, metropolitan cities and medium and small cities. This may be attributed from the fact that the remote areas do not have equal learning environment with regard to social and cultural experience, supply of various teaching materials, extracurricular lessons which are directly related to teaching and learning. These findings may be utilized as a reliable resource fur improving curriculum and teaching and learning in Mathematics.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.326-339
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• 2019

Objectives: Minamata disease was an environmental health disaster of worldwide notoriety that occurred in Japan. The acknowledged patients total roughly 3,000, and the relieved victims currently include 77,099 cases. Still, many cases await acknowledgment or relief. The humidifier disinfectant issue is an environmental health catastrophe that took place in Korea. Over 9.98 million products spanning 43 brands of humidifier disinfectant have been sold and 835, cases have been recognized to date as relevant victims by the government. So far, 2,144 cases have been relieved by the fund of the producing companies. Four million consumers and 560,000 victims are estimated. Finding hints as to how to develop solutions in terms of fact-finding and prevention are the objectives of this study. Methods: Fields visits, interviews, and workshops as well as reference reviews have been conducted. A comparison was attempted to show the similarities and differences between the two disasters on 38 items. Results: Apparent similarities in the two disasters are the failure of industrial safety measures and governmental safety systems as well as relief systems for the victims. No comprehensive investigation was performed for all of the affected areas in Japan and all of the consumers in Korea. Both governments have tried to hide the faults and responsibilities of the companies and minimize the scale of the victims. Only after the government was changed through a general election did the new governments apologize and attempt to find political and social solutions through special relief laws. Conclusions: Over the process of each event, in the beginning, debates took place regarding the cause and the heath damages involved. For both, medical and toxicological relations are the keys while afterward finding a social solution became the subsequent issue.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

The mobility and accessibility enhancement is gradually becoming a global interest due to the growth in the aging population and concerns about people with disabilities. The main purpose of this study is to know the current situation in barrier-free level in railroad facilities in order to allow the mobility handicapped to travel in a safe and convenient manner. The research has started with investigating current situation for the mobility handicapped people and explores the needs of barrier-free facilities. 84 domestic railroad facilities were evaluated based on assessment tool developed from the mobility handicapped act. As a result, the fact that the mobility handicapped experienced limited accessibility due to various types of obstacles in the facilities was discovered. Based on the evaluation, obstacles in the facilities were analyzed and categorized by specific dimensions, users' accessibility, mobility, usability, and clarity (way-finding). This study suggests barrier-free design for passenger facilities focused on train station. Because mobility and accessibility are emphasized in current society, improvement of the mobility handicapped' movement should be considered. Barrier-free design for passenger facilities should be realized throughout comprehending the reasons why these obstacles occur in the facilities not using installation convenience facilities. This study has meaning in finding out the obstacles in each cause of occurrence(accessibility, mobility, usability, and clarity (way-finding)).

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1285-1299
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• 2013

Nurturing students' scientific creativity is considered an important element in science education in Korea. The study aims to explore patterns displayed by well-known scientists in their quest for problem finding. Each case of scientists' course of problem solving is described in terms of historical background, a process of problem finding, and a process of problem solving. There are five patterns from ten scientists which are as follows: Pattern 1 is that scientists find problems from insufficiencies and/or errors from explanation of theories at the time and the related cases are A. Lavoisier, G. Mendel, and J. Watson. Pattern 2 shows that scientists find a problem because of strange phenomena unexplained by theories at the time, and here important case studies are E. Rutherford and W. R$\ddot{o}$ntgen. Pattern 3 demonstrates that scientists find a problem from analogical reasoning between known theories and unknown science phenomena. The cases include S. Carnot and T. Young. Pattern 4 points to the fact that scientists find a problem while they utilize a newly invented experimental instrument. Here, G. Galilei is an important example. Pattern 5 establishes that scientists happen to find a problem while they conduct research projects. The works of M. Faraday and J. Kepler are prominent case studies related to this pattern.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2017

In this paper we study a four dimensional tourism-based social-ecological dynamical system. In fact we analyse tourism profitability, compatibility and sustainability by using bifurcation theory in terms of structural properties of attractors of system. For this purpose first we transformed it into a three dimensional system such that the reduced system is the extended and modified model of the previous three dimensional models suggested for tourism with the same dimension. Then we investigate transcritical, pitchfork and saddle-node bifurcation points of system. And numerically by finding some branches of stable equilibria for system show the profitability of tourism industry. Then by determining the Hopf bifurcation points of system we find a family of stable attractors for that by numerical techniques. Finally we conclude the existence of these stable limit cycles implies profitability and compatibility and then the sustainability of tourism.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 1985

Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to explain how the electronic states of some series compounds vary with metabolic activation. Compounds studied included aromatic amines and amides, polycyclic hydrocarbons, and a few alkylating agents that do not require metabolic activation. The 1, 2 and 4 positions forming the trans-butadiene frame of a molecule, henceforth referred to as "the trans 1, 2, 4 region", have seen to be important positions for the prediction of carcinogenic activity of these compounds. It is also evident that their electrophilic properties increase with metabolic activation. That is the sum of ${\pi}$-electron densities of the trans 1, 2, 4 region in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) has been found to increase in the order of precarcinogens < proximate-ones < the carbocation ultimate-ones. This is consistent with the fact that chemical carcinogens become more strongly electrophilic with activating. This region not only provides a unified view of structurally diverse carcinogens, but also predicts uniformity in their reactive sites. Accordingly, we suggest that an understanding of the trans 1, 2, 4 region would be helpful in elucidating the mechanism of carcinogenesis.