• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Medical Physics Conference
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.328-330
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• 2002

Large balloon angio catheter is used for Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplsty(TPA) of the iliac, femoral and renal arteries as well as after Transjugular Intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS). The use of angioplasty balloon filled with liquid form of radioisotope reduces the rate of restenosis after PTA. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the absorbed dose to the target vessels from various sized large balloon filled with liquid form of Ho-166-DTPA. Four balloons of balloon dilatation catheters evaluated were 5, 6, 8 and 10 mm in diameter. GafChromic film was used for the estimation of the absorbed dose near the surface of the balloon catheters. Absorbed dose rates are plotted in units of Gy/min/GBq/ml as a function of radial distance in mm from the surface of balloon. The absorbed dose rate was 1.1, 1.6, 2.2 and 2.3 Gy/min/GBq/ml at a balloon surface, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 Gy/min/GBq/ml at 1 mm depth for various balloon diameter 5, 6, 8 and 10 mm in diameter respectively. The study was conducted to estimate the absorbed doses to the vessels from various sized large balloons filled with liquid form of Ho-166-DTPA for clinical trial of radiation therapy after the PTA. The absorbed dose distribution of Ho-166 appeared to be nearly ideal for vascular irradiation since beta range is very short avoiding unnecessary radiation to surrounding normal tissues.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.363-380
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• 2020

In this paper, a cylindrical shell is immersed in a non-viscous fluid using first order shell theory of Sander. These equations are partial differential equations which are solved by approximate technique. Robust and efficient techniques are favored to get precise results. Employment of the Rayleigh-Ritz procedure gives birth to the shell frequency equation. Use of acoustic wave equation is done to incorporate the sound pressure produced in a fluid. Hankel's functions of second kind designate the fluid influence. Mathematically the integral form of the Lagrange energy functional is converted into a set of three partial differential equations. Throughout the computation, simply supported edge condition is used. Expressions for modal displacement functions, the three unknown functions are supposed in such way that the axial, circumferential and time variables are separated by the product method. Comparison is made for empty and fluid-filled cylindrical shell with circumferential wave number, length- and height-radius ratios, it is found that the fluid-filled frequencies are lower than that of without fluid. To generate the fundamental natural frequencies and for better accuracy and effectiveness, the computer software MATLAB is used.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.427-435
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• 2014

Segmented-channel MOSFETs (SegFETs) can achieve both good performance and variation robustness through the use of $HfO_2$ (a high-k material) to create the shallow trench isolation (STI) region and the very shallow trench isolation (VSTI) region in them. SegFETs with both an HTI region and a VSTI region (i.e., the STI region is filled with $HfO_2$, and the VSTI region is filled with $SiO_2$) can meet the device specifications for high-performance (HP) applications, whereas SegFETs with both an STI region and a VHTI region (i.e., the VSTI region is filled with $HfO_2$, and the STI region is filled with $SiO_2$) are best suited to low-standby power applications. AC analysis shows that the total capacitance of the gate ($C_{gg}$) is strongly affected by the materials in the STI and VSTI regions because of the fringing electric-field effect. This implies that the highest $C_{gg}$ value can be obtained in an HTI/VHTI SegFET. Lastly, the three-dimensional TCAD simulation results with three different random variation sources [e.g., line-edge roughness (LER), random dopant fluctuation (RDF), and work-function variation (WFV)] show that there is no significant dependence on the materials used in the STI or VSTI regions, because of the predominance of the WFV.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.425-436
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• 2007

This study is mainly focused on applying Fuller's ideal gradation curve to theoretically design blended ratio of all solid materials of a reactive powder mortar (RPM), also known as reactive powder concrete (RPC), with the aid of error function, and then to study the effect of fly ash/slag on the performance of RPM. The solid particle is assumed to be spherical particles. Then, the void volume of paste ($V_{\nu}$) and the paste content with specific quality can be obtained. As conclusion, under Fuller's ideal grading curve, the amount of fly ash/slag mixture is higher than that with silica fume along due to it better filled the void within solid particle and obtains higher packing density.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

Objective & Method : By investigating physiological function of tri-energizer, symptoms, and organ coordination, we obtained following conclusion. Tri-energizer is the membrane structure that surrounds the five visceral organs and six hollow organs, and filled with fluid. Tri-energizer acts as the passage for the flow of qi energy. Result & Conclusion : Therefore, dysfunction of the tri-energizer is caused by abnormal evaporation and metabolism. Upper-energizer regulates cardiopulmonary function, middle-energizer regulates spleen and stomach functions, and lower-energizer regulates liver, kidneys, small and large intestines, and bladder functions. Such a functional specialization is possible by receiving the source of qi through the wall wrapping around the internal organs. Tri-energizer represents the exterior and interior relationship by acting as the membrane structure supporting the five visceral organs and six hollow organs and at the same time, as the pericardium surrounding the heart.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.923-938
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was attempted in order to grasp oral health level according to socio-demographic characteristics in elders in some communities, and to evaluate oral health status and its association. Methods : The subjects in this study were performed with 235 people, who were over 65 years and resided in Daejeon Province, from June 20 to July 10, 2011. An individual interview was held, and they got a dental checkup. As for data analysis, chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson correlation were utilized. Methods : The subjects in this study were performed with 235 people, who were over 65 years and resided in Daejeon Province, from June 20 to July 10, 2011. An individual interview was held, and they got a dental checkup. As for data analysis, chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson correlation were utilized. Results : The older age in the whole research subjects and the lower educational level led to the less remaining teeth and the larger missing teeth index. The decayed missing filled teeth index and the decayed missing filled teeth rate were higher in more women and older age and in the lower educational level. Tooth mortality rate was higher in the older age, the lower educational level, and the group of living together with spouse. The maxillary-mandibular fixed-bridge status in the mouth was indicated to be the highest in the full-denture mounting ratio as for elders in over 80 years old. Oral Health Impact Profile(OHIP-14) average score was $56.05{\pm}11.64$ in the whole research subjects The decayed missing filled teeth index and the decayed missing filled teeth rate showed significantly positive correlation with the decayed missing filled teeth rate, tooth mortality rate and showed significantly negative correlation with OHIP-14. Tooth mortality rate showed significantly negative correlation with OHIP-14 Oral Health Impact Profile(OHIP-14) showed significantly positive correlation with its factors. Conclusions : Accordingly, the policy effort is considered to be necessary that implements in elders in order to spend active senescence, and that elders' health and oral-health behavior can be implemented continuously and preventively through classification according to elders' physical function.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1577-1579
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• 2008

A mixture of two different types of polyimide, one having an alkyl side chain and ordinarily used for homeotropic alignment, and the other without a side chain and ordinarily used for planar alignment, is deposited and baked at high temperatures. When the resulting cell is filled with a nematic liquid crystal, it is found that the pretilt angle is a function of the baking temperature or mixing ratio, and can be controlled continuously over the range 0 to 90.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.165-180
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• 2001

In this paper prosodic characteristics of French language are analysed with a corpus of radio interview. Intonation patterns are interpreted in terms of raising pattern, focal raising pattern and falling pattern. Accentual prominence is classified in two types, rhythmic accent and focal accent. Focal accent permit to explain the cohesion in a utterance or between two utterances. As a prosodic variable of discourse pauses are described by their form of realization (filled pause, silent pause, hesitation etc), their distribution and their function in utterance.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.175-179
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• 2003

For the total description of mechanical behaviors of elastomers, it is necessary to know the so-called rheological constitutive equation i.e. the strain-energy density function (W) in case of elastomers, which necessitates biaxial tensile results of elastic body. This paper first describes the experimental results of biaxial tensile measurements on poly(siloxane) model networks. W was estimated from its differential form i.e. the $1^{st}$ differential of W is stress. The W was found to reproduce the experimental stress-strain results, and the W estimated for silica filled poly(siloxane) networks suggest a different behavior between conventional precipitated silica and in situ formed silica. The difference suggests the different surface property of the two silicas.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.186-186
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• 2023