• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.630-644
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• 2016

We conducted a comprehensive review on artificial reefs (ARs) including seaweed reefs for marine afforestation in relation to their development and research from 1972 to 2016, and then systematically analyzed their current a state-of-the-art and practice. From the review, the followings conclusions are made. First, the objectives of AR projects in the Southeast Asia can be classified into three, i.e. protection and increase of fishery resources, local community's profits, and ecological tourism. Second, fish gathering effects by ARs can be determined in terms of wake region or wake length that tends to increase with the K-C (Keulegan-Carpenter) number. Third, ARs are desirable to deploy across a direction of the main flow but it is essential to keep the deployment interval two to four times the length of a single reef. Fourth, stability of ARs depends on how to evaluate drag coefficient, and Morison formula turns out to be practical. Fifth, local scours of ARs are likely to occur due to a downward flow around the center of the front surface. Finally, it is natural for ARs to positively contribute to the marine ecosystem but it is imperative to develop an evaluation method for the effects of ARs on the marine ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.201-208
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the factors related to school adjustment of upper graders in elementary school. Methods: Data was collected through a questionnaire survey of 304 fifth and sixth grade students from October to November, 2014. The collected data was analyzed statistically through frequency, t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis, using the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results: First, subjective school record and subjective health status showed significant differences in school adjustment. Second, social support and ego-resilience were positively correlated, while bullying was negatively correlated with school adjustment. Third, significant factors related to school adjustment were social support, ego-resilience, subjective school record. These variables explained 56.4% of the students' school adjustment. Bullying was negatively correlated with school adjustment, but the correlation disappeared in the multiple regression analysis, where protective factors such as social support, ego-resilience were controlled for. Conclusion: School nurses should develop plans to enhance social support (teacher support, parents support, friends support) as well as programs to improve the ego-resilience of upper elementary students to help them adjust to school and to prevent and manage bullying. Also family, school and the community should be connected cooperatively with each other.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.4
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• pp.53-61
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• 1983

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of internal-external locus of control on level of aspiration in Korean Children. The locus of control was measured by means of the Nowicki & Strickland's "A Locus of Control Scale for Children (1973)". The level of aspiration was measured by "Throw Balls into the Basket Game" Sixty internal controlled children(30 girls and 30 boys) and 60 external controlled children(30 girls and 30 boys) were selected among 853 children in fifth grade. For the data analysis, two - way analysis of variance and t-test were applied, Pearson correlation coefficient was computed. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Goal discrepancy score were significantly higher in the internal controlled children than in the external controlled children. 2. Shift value were significantly higher in the external controlled children than in the internal controlled children. 3. School achievement were significantly higher in the internal controlled children than in the external controlled children. 4. There was no significant difference in the school achievement between the children who showed high goal discrepancy score and the children who showed low one. 5. There was no significant difference in the locus of control between girls and boys. 6. Goal discrepancy score were significantly higher in boys than in girls, but there was no significant difference in the shift value between girls and boys.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.391-399
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• 2020

This study aims to analyze the relationship of e-HRM implementation to employee performance both directly and indirectly through the intervening of the Human Resource service Quality variable, both practically and theoretically. This study uses variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques with partial least square (PLS) statistical testing tools to test the direct relationship of e-HRM and the performance and relationship moderated by Human Resources service quality tested on 200 civil servants in five offices under the coordination of the Government of the South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia. The data collection model in this study uses an online survey. The data analysis stages through the explanatory concept consist of, first, the interpretation of the distribution of the average frequency of respondents' answers; second, outer-loading; third, determination of the validity and reliability; fourth, the coefficient of determination test and partial test; fifth, the GoF model; sixth, validity test; and seventh, hypothesis testing. This study explores four hypotheses in a comprehensive fashion; the results of this study show that all hypotheses have positive and significant effects both through direct and intervening relationships. Among the three direct relationships, the relationship of e-HRM variables on HR Service Quality is greatest and most dominant.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.793-805
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• 2012

This study investigated the influence of mother and peer attachment on conflict resolution strategies of children. Following research questions were established. First, what is the influence of mother and peer attachment on conflict resolution strategies of children? Second, does the influence of mother and peer attachment on conflict resolution strategies of children differ according to sex? Third, what is the relative influence of mother and peer attachment on conflict resolution strategies of children? 485 fifth graders(male, 184; female, 163) from elementary schools located in Busan participated in this study and completed Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment and Conflict Resolution Strategies Scale. Collected data were analyzed using t-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Simple Regression and Multiple Regression Analysis. Major findings of this study were summarized as follows: First, both mother and peer attachment influenced on compromising and integration, avoiding and obliging strategies although the degree of influence were different. Second, the influence of mother and peer attachment on conflict resolution strategies differ according to gender. Third, the influence of peer attachment on conflict resolution strategies were greater than the one of mother attachment. Finally the significance of this study were presented with comments on limitations of this study.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.95-103
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• 2006

Purpose: To identify the relationship among economic status, health status and health promotion behavior in school-aged children. Methods: Data was collected from 308 fifth-grade children in Seoul. The instruments used were the self-reported questionnaires on economic status by McLoyd, health status by Shin, and health promotion behavior by Ki. Data was analyzed by SPSS WIN 12.0 program, using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: Economic status and health status were negatively correlated (r=-.30), as were economic status and health promotion behavior (r=-.26). The relationship between Health status and health promotion behavior were positively correlated (r=.20). Health promotion behavior was significantly related with sex. father's education, mother's education and school record. Conclusions: These results suggested that health status and health promotion behavior in school-age children are affected by economic status.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.651-658
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• 2020

In the fifth generation (5G) mobile networks, the interactive mobile game users have increased tremendously, which induces correlated information sources (CIS). One of the promising 5G technologies is non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). In NOMA, the users share the channel resources, so that CIS affect each user's bit-error rate (BER) performance, which is not the case for orthogonal multiple access (OMA). In this paper, we derive the optimal receiver for NOMA with CIS, and then investigate the impact of CIS on each user's BER performance.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.459-474
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• 2019

This study develops a novel recursive algorithm to significantly enhance the computation efficiency of a recently proposed stochastic subspace identification (SSI) methodology based on an alternative stabilization diagram. Exemplified by the measurements taken from the two investigated office buildings, it is first demonstrated that merely one sixth of computation time and one fifth of computer memory are required with the new recursive algorithm. Such a progress would enable the realization of on-line and almost real-time monitoring for these two steel framed structures. This recursive SSI algorithm is further applied to analyze 20 months of monitoring data and comprehensively assess the environmental effects. It is certified that the root-mean-square (RMS) response can be utilized as an excellent index to represent most of the environmental effects and its variation strongly correlates with that of the modal frequency. More detailed examination by comparing the monthly correlation coefficient discloses that larger variations in modal frequency induced by greater RMS responses would typically lead to a higher correlation.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

In the Internet of Thing (IoT) framework, massive machine-type communications (MMTC) have required large spectral efficiency. For this, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) has emerged as an efficient solution. Recently, a non-successive interference cancellation (SIC) NOMA scheme has been implemented without loss. This lossless NOMA without SIC is achieved via correlated superposition coding (SC), in contrast to conventional independent SC. However, conventional minimum high-correlated SC for only 2-user NOMA schemes was investigated in the lossless 2-user non-SIC NOMA implementation. Thus, this paper investigates a 3-user low-correlated SC scheme, especially for an inflated achievable sum rate, with a design of 3-user low-correlated SC. First, we design the 3-user low-correlated SC scheme by taking the minimum sum rate between 3-user SIC NOMA and 3-user non-SIC NOMA, both with correlated SC. Then, simulations demonstrate that the low correlation in the direction of the first user's power allocation inflates the sum rate in the same direction, compared to that of conventional minimum high-correlated SC NOMA, and such inflation due to low correlation is also observed similarly, in the direction of the second user's power allocation. Moreover, we also show that the two low correlations of the first and second users inflates doubly in the both directions of the first and second users' power allocations. As a result, the proposed 3-user low-correlated SC could be considered as a promising scheme, with the inflated sum rate in the future fifth-generation (5G) NOMA networks.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference in serum ferritin and leukocyte regarding overweight and obese South Korean adults. Methods: This study was conducted on 5,281 subjects older than 19, according to data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-3), 2015. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression analysis (SPSS 24.0). Results: First, serum ferritin and leukocyte were higher regardubg obesity, followed by being overweight and within normal weight. Second, body mass index (BMI) was positively correlated with serum ferritin and leukocyte. Third, factors affecting serum ferritin were gender, and being obese and overweight. Explanatory power of the model was 26.2%. Factors affecting leukocyte were gender, obesity, being overweight, and weight change over the past year (weight gain). Explanatory power of the model was 10.2%. Conclusion: Obesity and being overweight were factors affecting serum ferritin and leukocyte, and obesity was more affected than being overweight in Koreans older than 19. In conclusion, serum ferritin was a marker of inflammation, rather than iron status, in overweight and obese Korean adults.