• 대한수의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 1985

The morphological development of the small intestinal tissues of the Korean native goat were observed by light microscopy. Samples were taken from a 60-, 90-, 120-day-old fetus, a newborn goat and a 30-day-old goat. The results were summarized as follows; 1. In the small intestine of 60-day-old fetus, the apexes and sides of villi were covered with a simple columnar epithelium, and intervilous areas and mucosal ridges were still covered with stratified epithelium of two to six cell layers. Mesenchymal tissues formed lamina propria, circular muscle layer and serosa. The numbers of villi per cross section of the small intestine (NVPCS) were 10 to 18. 2. In 90-day-old fetus, intervillous areas and mucosal ridges of the organ were covered with simple columnar epithelium. Goblet cells in epithelium and outer longitudinal muscle layer often appeared. NVPCS were 35 to 60 and Brunner's glands were appeared. 3. In 120-day-old fetus, Brunner's glands of the duodenum and circular connection of outer longitudinal muscle layer were formed, NVPCS were 50 to 87. 4. In newborn goat, Peyer's patches were fully formed and NVPCS were 50 to 87. 5. In 30-day goat, the small intestine was fully matured and NVPCS were 81 to 102.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2000

Objectives: This study was conducted to find out whether herbal medication during pregnancy causes any deformity in the unborn fetus. Methods: Thirty-five gynecological outpatients of KyungHee Univ. Oriental Hospital (1996. 10 - 1999. 2) who had taken herbal medication during pregnancy were questioned about duration of pregnancy at the moment, chief complaints, kinds of herbal medicine taken and its dosage and they were asked to answer the questionnaire over the phone about duration of pregnancy at the time of delivery, the newborn’s weights, delivery methods and the condition of deformity. Results and conclusions: The results of this experiment in which 35 pregnant women with the experience of herbal medication during pregnancy confirm that herbal medication during pregnancy does not cause any deformity to the newborn. It is thought that more studies through clinical follow-up and experiments are needed in the future.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.427-430
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• 2003

Akabane virus is a cause of severe congenital defects, but adult animals show no signs of infection. In this study, congenital abnormalitis associated with Akabane virus infection in Korean native goat. The prevalence of serum neutralizing antibodies to Akabane virus in goat population was investigated, indicating that approximately 30% of goats in Korea were seropositive(36/120). The mother goats have the highest titers of neutralizing antibodies, as 1:128. And also there showed seropositive of Akabane virus in newborn fetus fluids. The necropsy results of newborn fetus visceral organs were appeared normal. These findings provide that Akabane virus is the ethiological agent of congenital abnormalitis and stillbirth. Our results suggest that goat in natural situations are part of the Akabane virus transmission cycle.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권10호
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• pp.307-311
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• 2017

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating condition of hospitalized preterm infants. Numerous studies have attempted to identify the cause of NEC by examining the immunological features associated with pathogenic microorganisms. No single organism has proven responsible for the disease; however, immunological studies are now focused on the microbiome. Recent research has investigated the numerous bacterial species residing in the body and their role in diseases in preterm infants. The timing of initial microbial colonization is a subject of interest. The microbiome appears to transfer from the mother to the newborn, as well as to the fetus. Cross-talk between the fetus and fetal microbiome takes place continuously to generate a unique immune system. This review examined the transfer of the microbiome to the human fetus, and its potential relationship with NEC.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2007

In the early neonatal period, the neonate is challenged by the loss of the placental calcium transport and manifests a quick transition, from an environment in which PTHrP plays an important role to a PTH- and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-controlled neonatal milieu. Disturbances in mineral homeostasis are common in the neonatal period, especially in premature infants and infants who are hospitalized in an intensive care unit. In many cases these disturbances are thought to be exaggerated responses to the normal physiological transition from the intrauterine environment to neonatal independence. Some disturbances in calcium and phosphate homeostasis are the result of genetic defects, which in many instances can now be identified at the molecular level. Although fetus develop remarkably normally in the presence of maternal calcium, PTH and vitamin D deficiency, the neonates demonstrate abnormalities that are consequences of the prior abnormal maternal calcium homeostasis. Evaluation and management of hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia in neonate requires specific knowledge of perinatal mineral physiology and the unique clinical and biochemical features of newborn mineral metabolism.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.49-66
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• 2000

Pregnancy is a task of creation in which a women mobilizes her self and the resources available to her in the generation of a new person. Through the pregnancy, a mother has formed the new human relationship with a fetus. Maternal-fetal relationship is considered one of mechanism making the relationship of mother and child. It is important to well-being of mother and fetus, too. The earliest interaction between a mother and her child is during prenatal period. Maternal-fetal dyad is unique and perceived interactions with the fetus make the pregnancy real for the mother. Maternal behavior is "instinctive" and is formed in early childhood by copy of the mother. But, Rubin argues that this behavior is an open intellectual system rather than a prepackaged bundle of traits. There is openness to new learning and a high value placed on knowing which occurs with silent organization in thought. Thus, nurses and other health professionals provide prenatal care that optimally is part of the environment in which the maternal-fetal dyad develops. Thus it is appropriate for nurses to increases their understanding of the dyad and to explore ways to enhance its development. This study focusses on the interaction ability and response of fetus, and the maternal-fetal interaction. The research of fetal responses that involve physiological changes and motor movement have been shown to coccur to both external sensory stimuli and to maternal emotional states. The fetus does also have sensory capacity to be aware of some maternal behaviors, and the motor ability to respond in a way the mother can notice. Thus, very rudimentary interactions appear to be possible. Maternal awareness of fetal activity was supported by several studies. More interesting to the present study are description of maternal-fetal interaction and the finding that there appear to be levels of sensitivity to the fetus involved in maternal-fetal interactions. First, recognition comes that the fetus is separate from the maternal self. Next, the fetus engages in. Lastly, the parent may describe active interaction with the fetus, believing that mother and fetus are communicating on a meaningful level. Several interventions, developed to promote more active interaction between mother and fetus, have been reviewed. In general, the parents were taught to stimulate the fetus and to notice the fetus' responses. This type of intervention might increase the mother's sensitivity to her unborn baby, and she may have a head start toward learning how to res pond sensitivity to the newborn infant. Research In the area of maternal-fetal interaction is scarce. Sensitive behavior is construed as an appropriate and timely response to a signal of need from another person, but no such signal of need can be claimed regarding the fetus. The highest level of maternal-fetal interaction, therefore, might be based more on maternal representations of the imagined fetus than on factual evidence of fetal participation.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.346-352
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• 2012

2010년 1월에서 2010년 12월까지 경기도 광명 소재 산부인과에서 초진에서부터 분만까지 동일 병원에서 실시한 산모 중 37주 이후에 정상 분만한 141명(비직업인군 73명과 직업군 68명)을 대상으로 태아, 신생아체중 및 분만방법을 산모의 직업여부에 따라 비교 분석하여 보았으며, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 임신후 37주 기간의 산모체중 및 평균임신기간은 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 2. 37주시 태아체중은 비직업군은 평균 $2.90{\pm}0.27kg$, 저체중아 비율은 2.75%, 직업군에서는 평균 $2.76{\pm}0.28kg$, 저체중아 비율은 10.3%로 나타나 비직업군에서 37주 태아체중이 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 3. 신생아체중은 비직업군은 평균 $3.42{\pm}0.43kg$, 직업군은 $3.18{\pm}0.35kg$으로 비직업군의 신생아체중이 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 4. 분만방법은 비직업군에서 제왕절개수술이 32.9%, 직업군에서는 16.2%로 비직업군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 많게 나타났다(p<0.05).

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.145-151
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• 1982

산모(産母)와 태아(胎兒)에서의 CO 배출양상(排出樣相)의 차이(差異)가 hemoglobin의 CO와의 결합력(結合力)의 차이(差異)에서 기인(起因)된 것인지의 여부(與否)를 산소분압(酸素分壓)에 따른 HbCO의 해리양상(解離樣相)으로써 규명(糾明)하고 이를 토대(土臺)로 임신부(姙娠婦) 및 영아가 CO에 중독(中毒)되었을 때의 적절(適切)한 산소치료방식(酸素治療方式)을 모색(模索)하고자 본(本) 실험(實驗)을 실시(實施)하여 다음과 같은 성적(成績)을 얻었다. 1. 성인혈(成人血)과 태아혈(胎兒血)의 total hemoglobin량(量)은 각각(各各) $16.1{\pm}0.50gm%,\;15.7{\pm}0.32gm%$였으며 fetal hemoglobin 비율(比率)은 각각(各各) $1.2{\pm}0.15%,\;72.7{\pm}3.01%$ 였다. 2. 성인혈(成人血)과 태아혈(胎兒血)을 100% HbCO로 포화(飽和)시킨 뒤 일반대기(一般大氣), 100% $O_2$, 3기압산소(氣壓酸素)에 30분간(分間) 폭로(曝露)시킨 직후(直後)의 혈중(血中) HbCO 포화도(飽和度)는 성인혈(成人血)에서 각각(各各) 96.7%, 70.9% 및 52.8%였으며 태아혈(胎兒血)에서 각각(各各) 98.5%, 76.1% 및 62.2%로 감소(減少)하여 3기압산소(氣壓酸素)에서 가장 현저(顯著)한 감소(減少)를 보여 HbCO의 해리(解離)는 산소분압(酸素分壓)에 비례(比例)함이 확인(確認)되었으며 또 전(全) 실험군(實驗群)에서 성인혈(成人血)보다 태아혈(胎兒血)의 HbCO 해리(解離)가 늦은 양상(樣相)을 보였다. 3. 실험군(實驗群)에 대(對)한 각(各) 산소분압별(酸素分壓別) 폭로(曝露)가 끝난 후(後) $36.5^{\circ}C$의 일반대기하(一般大氣下)에서 시간경과(時間經過)에 따른 성인혈(成人血)과 태아혈중(胎兒血中) HbCO의 해리양상(解離樣相)은 거의 비슷하게 완만(緩慢)하였다. 4. 이상(以上)의 소견(所見)으로 미루어 볼 때 임신부(姙娠婦)의 CO 중독(中毒)은 산모(産母)보다 태아(胎兒)에서 더 큰 위해(危害)를 초래(招來)할 가능성(可能性)이 크며 또 HbF의 구성점유율(構成占有率)이 높은 6개월(個月) 이하(以下)의 영아에서도 그 위해도(危害度)가 클 것으로 간주(看做)된다. 따라서 임신부(姙娠婦) 또는 생후(生後) 6개월(個月) 이하(以下)의 영아가 CO 중독(中毒)되었을 때는 고압산소요법(高壓酸素療法)이 효과적(效果的)인 치료법(治療法)으로 보이며 그 치료시간(治療時間)을 성인환자(成人患者)에 있어서의 그것보다 좀 더 길게하는 것이 CO 중독(中毒)에 의한 위해(危害)를 감소(減少)시켜 줄 것으로 기대(期待) 된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권7호
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• pp.718-721
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• 2003

저자들은 신생아 용혈성 질환을 일으킨 아기를 분만한 산모와 신생아에서 $anti-Jk^b$를 동정하여 진단하였으며, 이에 대해 그 임상경과를 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. 따라서, 생후 24시간이내 신생아 황달이 있는 경우 군소 혈액형 부적합증에 의한 신생아 용혈성 질환을 감별하여야 하며, 불규칙항체 선별 검사나 불규칙항체 동정 검사를 통하여 항체를 규명하고, 광선요법이나 교환수혈 등을 실시하여 핵황달 예방에 주의함과 동시에 지연성 빈혈이 없는지 지속적인 관찰이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.681-687
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• 2011

Bioorgan transgenic cloned mini pig has a problem of growth retardation in uterus during end of pregnancy so that survival rate is very low in newborn piglet. In order to support their life after birth, cesarean section of fetus with sufficient growth in uterus was tested in this study. First of all, fetus growth measured using a ultrasound scanner during pregnancy in transgenic mini pig, comparing normal pig. After 113 days for delivering, fetus was removed out of uterus. Fetus growth for normal pig was 1.8 cm at 4weeks and 14.4 cm at end of pregnancy (15 weeks). At 113 days, fetus growth was $15.9{\pm}4$ cm in ultrasound scanner and real growth measurement from fetus removal out of uterus was $16.0{\pm}2$ cm. It is very a similar result between measurement of ultrasound scanner and real measurement. Therefore, using ultrasound scanner for measuring fetus growth will be useful to predict fetus growth in uterus.