• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1348-1352
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• 2004

More than 200 Bifidobacterium sp. originated from human intestine were investigated for their ability to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Of the Bifidobacteria tested, 1 of culture type strain and 12 isolated strains from Korean infants showed CLA producing ability. cis-9, trans-11 octadecadienoic acid presented more than 90% of the total CLA isomers produced by the Bifidobacteria. CLA content in fermented milk by Bifidobacterium sp. KHU 141 increased by 39.6 mg/l00 g, which showed the potential use for producing fermented milk containing high content of CLA. In fermented milk, little changes showed in lauric acid, myristric acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and linolenic acid contents, whereas the content of linoleic acid (LA) decreased and the content of CLA increased. Bifidobacterium sp. KHU 141 converted 86.0% and 84.8% of LA consumed to CLA for 24 hr and 48 hr fermentation, respectively. Prolonging incubation from 24 to 48 hours did not appear to enhance CLA formation and CLA producing ability was stable whether bottle, test tube, or fermenter was used for making fermented milk by Bifidobacterium sp. KHU 141.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.3104-3104
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• 2001

The research described here was undertaken with the aim of monitoring, optimizing and ultimately controlling the production of heterofermentative microbes used as starters in the salami industry. The use of starter cultures in the fermented meats industry is a well-established technique used to shorten and standardize the ripening process, and to improve and control the organoleptic quality of the final product. Starter cultures are obtained by the submerged cultivation of suitable microorganisms in stirred, and sometimes aerated, fermenters where monitoring of key physiological parameters such as the concentration of biomass, substrates and metabolites suffers from the general lack of real-time measurement techniques applicable to aseptic processes. In this respect, the results of the present work are relevant to all submerged fermentation processes. Previous work on the application of on-line NIR spectroscopy to the lactic acid fermentation (Dosi et al. - Monreal NIR1995) had successfully used a system based on a measuring cell included in a circulation loop external to the fermenter. The fluid handling and sterility problems inherent in an external circulation system prompted us to explore the use of an in-line system where the NIR probe is immersed in the culture and is thus exposed to the hydrodynamic conditions of the stirred and aerated fluid. Aeration was expected to be a potential source of problems in view of the possible interference of air bubbles with the measurement device. The experimental set-up was based on an in-situ sterilizable NIR probe connected to the instrument by means of an optical fiber bundle. Preliminary work was carried out to identify and control potential interferences with the measurement, in particular the varying hydrodynamic conditions prevailing at the probe tip. We were successful in defining the operating conditions of the fermenter and the geometrical parameters of the probe (flow path, positioning, etc.) were the NIR readings were reliable and reproducible. The system thus defined was then used to construct and validate calibration curves for tile concentration of biomass, carbon source and major metabolites of two different microorganisms used as salami starters. Real-time measurement of such parameters coupled with the direct interfacing of the NIR instrument with the PC-based measurement and control system of the fermenter enabled the development of automated strategies for the interactive optimization of the starter production process.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.207-211
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• 2005

The metabolites released from cultures of rhizosphere bacteria can inhibit plant growth. Bacillus subtilis IJ-31 inhibited plant growth by the production of hydrocinnamic acid (HCA). The production of HCA by plant-growth inhibiting rhizobacterium B. subtilis IJ-31 was optimized. $90.5\;{\mu}g/ml$ of HCA was obtained under the condition of 1% rice bran as carbon source, 0.5% tryptone as nitrogen source, 0.1% $ZnCl_2$ as metal source at $37^{\circ}C$ for 60 h (pH 7.0). The optimal condition for the HCA production by B. subtilis IJ-31 in the jar fermenter was established using response surface methodology (RSM) of statistical analysis system(SAS) program. The production of HCA by B. subtilis IJ-31 in the jar fermenter culture reached $102.99\;{\mu}g/ml$ when 2.24% soil extracts was added and agitation speed was 290 rpm under the same condition. And the experimental value of HCA production is $102.5\;{\mu}g/ml$ in the same culture condition. The production of HCA by B. subtilis IJ-31 is higher as 12% than that from the flask culture.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.82-88
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate on the change of NaCl content during the food waste composting and on the safety of food waste compost(FWC) manufactured by the non-stirrer sealed fermenter. Plant culture test with pepper crop was also performed to see the effect of FWC, which was produced by the G co. ltd., on the growth of peper and migration of NaCl in soil. The culture test was performed at the farmland in Chungnam National University. The results were as follows; the NaCl content was gradually accumulated during food waste composting process, probably through water evaporation. Sodium concentration was, however, remarkably decreased at the final stage due to the desalting effect by water which was concentrated on the ceil of the fermentor. The analysis of chemical properties and humidity parameters on the food waste compost revealed that the product is quite a good qualified one. More than 0.5 tons of FWC application on red pepper cultivation caused diminished effect on the yield and the accumulation of salts on soil.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.132-145
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• 2023

In this study, culture conditions were optimized to confirm the feasibility of Acetobacter pasteurianus as a starter for fermentation vinegar. Acetobacter pasteurianus strain can be used as a food ingredient. The optimal temperature and pH conditions of the selected Acetobacter pasteurianus SRCM101388 were 28℃ and pH 6.00, respectively. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the composition of the medium, and Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was used to obtain the effective selection of culture medium, resulting in that glucose, sucrose, and yeast extract had the highest effect on increasing biomass. The optimal concentration, which was performed by central composite design (CCD), were determined to be 10.73 g/L of glucose, 3.98 g/L of sucrose, and 18.73 g/L of yeast extract, respectively. The optimal concentrations of trace elements for the production of biomass were found to be 1 g/L of ammonium sulfate, 0.5 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 2 g/L of sodium phosphate monobasic, 2 g/L of sodium phosphate dibasic, and the final optimized medium was pH 6.10. When incubated in a 5 L jar fermenter, the SRCM101388 strain showed a faster-dissolved oxygen (DO) reduction at a lower agitation rate (rpm), and it was able to grow even at reduced DO level when aeration was maintained. The amount of final biomass produced was 2.53±0.12×10⁹ CFU/mL (9.40±0.02 log CFU/mL) when incubated for 18 hours at 150 rpm, 0.5 vvm, pH 6.0, and 28℃.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.406-409
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• 2001

The production of fumaric acid in a novel fixed-layer fermenter using Rhizopus oryzae KCTC 6946 was studied. When yeast extract and corn steep liquor were used as nitrogen sources, fumaric acid produced was 6.4 g/L and 6.8 g/L, respectively. Compared with the flask cultivation, fumaric acid concentration was about 200% when yeast extract was used as a nitrogen source, but reached to 93% when corn steep liquor was used.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.84-84
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• 2005

• Bioindustry News
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.39-42
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• 2000

1. Interleukin-2(IL-2)를 연간 1.227㎏을 생산하는 공장의 공정 설계를 IBM PC를 사용한 Super-pro designer를 이용해서 공정 모사를 해보았다. 각 단위공정의 계산자를 정하기 위한 계산을 가정과 5L fermenter 배양의 결과를 이용하여 up-stream을 설계하고, downstream 에서는 28%의 분리정제 수율을 가정하고 전체 공정을 설계하였다. 2. 경제성 분석에 의하면 IL-2의 dose당 $20로 할 때, 투자 상환율(return on investment)이 일년에 40.63%이었으며, 투자금액의 상환에 걸리는 시간은 약 2.46년이 걸리는 것으로 나왔다.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 1985

This investigation was performed to isolate and identify Staphylococcus sp. from air at the 25 sites in one hospital in Daegu. Drug sensitivity tests bacteriologically were also studied. The results are summarized as follows: 1. In gram staining of isolated colonies, the number of staphylococci strains was 959(70.2%) among 1367 collected in the morning, and 653(66.2%) among 987 collected in the afternoon. 2. The number of isolates was slightly higher in samples collected from the outpatient treatment rooms and wards in the main building than in samples from the other sites. 3. In biochemical tests of 1612 strains of isolates gram positive cocci, the number of coagulase positive strains was 584(36.2%) and coagulase negative 1028(63.8%). In experiments on growth on mannitol agar containing 7.5% NaCl and mannitol fermentation tests, the number of mannitol fermentation strains was 423(30.8%) and nonfermenter was 951(59.2%). 4. In antibiotic sensitivity tests of 746 identified strains of staphylococci, coagulase positive strains showed resistance in. higher portions to penicillin(89.7%), chloramphenicol(64.6%), gentamycin (52.1%) and tetracycline(45.2%), whereas in lower portions to kanamycin(39.2%) and apmicillin(33.1%). 5. Among coagulase negative and mannitol fermenting strains, higher portions showed resistance to chloramphenicol(76.5%), penicillin(69.8%) and ampicillin(63.6%), whereas lower portions showed resistance to kanamycin(48.8%), tetracycline(39.5%) and gentamycin(34.0%). 6. The number of strains showing multiple resistance to above 6 antibiotics were 15(52(19.8%) among coagulase positive and mannitol non-fermenter and 36(22.2%) among coagulase negative and mannitol fermenter.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.241-247
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• 1999

Experimental studies were carried out to optimize the culture conditions of Corynebacterium diphtheriae for the production of diphtheria toxin. A new media which does not contain any meat digest products was selected. The main ingredient of new medium was enzymatic digests of casein known as NZ-Case. In fermenter experiments, the toxin production was increased with the increase of cell growth. The optimum initial pH of media, air flow rate and agitation speed were 7.0, 0.22, vvm and 400 rpm, respectively. The contents of iron and calcium-phosphate precipitate were important for maximal cell growth and toxin production. The optimum concentration of iron was 0.3 mg/L and calcium-phosphate precipitate could serve in gradual supply of iron to maintain the optimal culture condition which is required for enhanced yield of toxin production. In potency test, the potency of toxoid from fermentor culture was higher than that from static culture. When diphtheria toxin is produced by fermentor culture, it is possible to produce higher levels of toxin and better toxoid quality in terms of safety, yield, productivity and immunity.