• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.1838-1842
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• 2016

콤부차는 미생물의 공생체에 의해 제조되는 신맛이 강한 음료로 최근에는 "장수 식품"의 하나로 주로 러시아를 비롯한 서방 국가들에서 많이 음용되어온 기능성 음료이다. 본 연구에서는 일반적으로 제조되는 콤부차의 기능성을 제주 특산물인 감귤의 과피 추출액과 녹차의 추출액을 첨가한 후 콤부차를 발효시켜 각 성분이 가지는 기능성을 이행시킬 목적으로 감귤/녹차 콤부차를 제조하였고, 제조된 감귤/녹차 콤부차의 기능성을 항암성 중심으로 일반 콤부차와 비교 평가하였다. 또한, 콤부차의 산업화, 표준화 및 안전성 확보를 위하여 일반 세포에 미치는 독성의 정도를 RAW 264.7 마우스 대식세포를 이용하여 조사하였다. 그 결과 일반 콤부차보다 감귤/녹차 콤부차는 항산화력이 약 3배 증가하였으며, 항암성도 현저하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 일반 세포에 대한 독성은 현저히 낮아진 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 감귤/녹차 콤부차의 안전한 항암 기능성 음료로의 개발 가능성을 시사하고 있다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.281-287
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• 2000

Major chemical components of sweet drink and vinegar prepared with Liriopis tuber were investigated sensory quality. The contents of total soluble solid, total sugar, non-reducing sugar, total saponin, ash and protein in the processed of LIriopis products ranged 7.71~10.67%, 4.94~9.77%, 1.98~4.67%, 0.80~0.59%, 0.40~0.36%, and 0.44~0.49%, respectively. In addition, levels of succinic, malic and acetic acid in the products ranged 78.9~96.3, 23.6~6.3 and 12.7~2686.0mg/100ml respectively. Meanwhile, the sweet drink contained 1.89mg%(w/v) of hydroxyprolin, 0.39mg%(w/v) of glutamic acid, 0.22mg%(w/v) of arginie, 0.15mg%(w/v) of citruline and 0.11mg%(w/v) of potassium. The vinegar contained 2.89mg%(w/w) hydroxyprolin, 248.2$\mu$g/100ml glutamic acid, 99.2$\mu$g/100ml arginine, 205.5$\mu$g/100ml citruline and 143.46$\mu$g/100ml potassium.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1059-1064
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• 1998

Fermented beverage using lactic acid bacteria isolated from kimchi was investigated. Lactic acid bacteria KL 1, KD 6, KL 4 strains from kimchi, or obtained Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides with and without yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were inoculated in fruit vegetable juice for single and mixed culture fermentation. During the fermentation by bacterial strain and yeast for 1~3 days at 30oC, various fermentation behaviors were observed. The growth rate of mixed culture of KL 1 and yeast was higher than that of single culture by KL 1 alone during the fermentation. The amount of organic acid produced by the mixed culture fermentation of KL 1 and yeast was 0.82%(3 day) or 0.58%(1 day) and with the final pH of 3.3(3 day) or 4.2(1 day). These mixed culture systems of isolated strains or other bacterial strains had almost similar results of growth rate and acid production. Among several bacterial strains, KL 1 was suitable for the mixed culture fermentation with yeast in terms of desirable fermentation behavior and organoleptical quality. The selected strain, KL 1 was identified as Leuconostoc spp. through the series of tests on carbohydrate fermentation and biochemical characteristics.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.165-169
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• 2000

Kombucha beverages were made from sweetened tea by Oriental, European and Tibetan tea fungus starters. The hot water extracts o green tea, black tea, Gugija and Omija were mixed with white and/or brown sugar, and were fermented under a static culture at 3$0^{\circ}C$. Titrable acidity, pH, color and cellulose production in kombucha beverages were evaluated. All tea fungus starters showed a higher acid production in green/black tea extracts rather than Gugija and Omija extracts. In green/black tea extracts Oriental tea fungus produced a kombucha beverage with a higher titrable acidity and lower pH than those of European and Tibetan tea fungus starters. By the static fermentation of green/black tea extract for 18 days, Oriental, Tibetan and European tea fungus starters produced cellulose pellicles of 0.43g, 0.16g, and 0.19 g (dry weight) on the top in the culture, respectively. As a mother starter, the cellulose pellicle was more efficient in acid production compared with tea fungus broth. Oriental/Tibetan mixed tea fungus showed the best acid production in the green/black tea extract supplemented with brown sugar.

• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2002년도 춘계 국제 학술대회
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• pp.55-56
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• 2002

Aflatoxin is a secondary fungal metabolite and is a public health hazard because it is a human carcinogenic and has many deleterious effects in men and animals. Rice is one of the better substrates for the fungus which can produce aflatoxins. This study was performed to investigate aflatoxin reduction during the cooking and processing of rice. Aflatoxin was produced by Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC 15517 on well-milled rice(Japonica type) at the level of 13.2 ppb. Cooked rice, rice cakes (baek-sol-gi, plain steamed rice bread), fermented rice (sik-hye, sweet rice beverage), and popped rice were prepared from the aflatoxin-contaminated rice. Aflatoxin content in the samples was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The total aflatoxin level was decreased to 46.9％ in the cooked rice, 85.6％ in the rice cakes, 11.4％ in the fermented rice, and 7.6％ in the popped rice, respectively (p＜0.05). This reduction brought the level of aflatoxins down to below the Standard and Specification of Korea (10 ppb), except for the rice cakes. These results indicate that washing, steaming, fermentation, and popping of rice was helpful in reducing the aflatoxin level in the rice and the most helpful factors were high temperature & high pressure. More research is needed to understand why the preparation of rice cakes did not reduce the level of aflatoxin as much as the other cooking methods.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.252-259
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• 2020

Wheatgrass is a type of young grass that contains a lot of vitamins, minerals, and protein even compared to grain products produced from its mature cereal plants. In the context of product development and increasing product sales value, a study on the use of wheatgrass extract as an ingredient of fermented beverage was conducted. In this study wheatgrass used was self-grown using a tray in the Laboratory. The variation of wheatgrass extracts used was obtained from the twin-gear type extractor, slow-squeeze type extractor, and chopped wheatgrass. In the extraction process, the performances of the process: density, extract yield, processing capacity, and the rate of production, were analyzed. For another analysis, the physicochemical properties both of wheatgrass extracts and fermented beverages were also analyzed. The physicochemical properties analyzed included TSS, pH, acidity, and others content. The results of extraction performance analysis and physicochemical characteristics of wheatgrass extract planted at 10-20℃ based on this research gave the best results using the twin-gear extractor. The twin-gear type of extractor used in this study. All of these results were also in accordance with the statistical analysis conducted in this study.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.374-380
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• 2011

Earlier in Korea Kimchi was made in every family and every province has own taste and specialties. These days almost of the Kimchis are manufactured. We collected variable Kimchis, which were made for private use and isolated microorganisms. Some interesting micobial cells were identified and studied for its application as food and drinks. One of them was identified as Lactobacillus sakei KJ123. This strain is known as producing interesting aromatic components during Sakei fermentation like Kimchi in variable conditions. We tried to develop a health beverage with fermentation process. The Cucurbita maxima has been known as a traditional healthy food and variable positive effects on the human body were already reported. In this study we tried to develop a production process for a healthy fermented drink on this substrate with strains originated from Kimchi. Many kinds of lacctobacilli species existed in the fermented food cannot survive in the acidic conditions like human stomach. So we selected resisting strains in this conditions. The survival rate of Lactobacillus sakei cells in the artificial gastric juice and bile acid and other physiological characteristics at the variable conditions have been tested. After fermentation process some sensory tests on the product with panels were tried.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2022

In this study, to determine the importance of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in Kombucha fermentation, biological functions, such as organic acid production and anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, of Kombucha, with or without LAB inoculation, were evaluated. Lactobacillus paracasei DK215, Saccharomyces cerevisiae C3, and Acetobacter pasteurianus P2 were selected as the inoculants. Organic acids were measured every 3 days from the end of fermentation using HPLC; the organic acid content of LAB-inoculated Kombucha was relatively high. Samples with or without LAB inoculation showed high antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The MTT assay results indicated no significant difference in concentration difference and cell death. In the NO production test, compared with the uninoculated Kombucha sample, the LAB-inoculated Kombucha sample exhibited a value similar to that of the group without LPS treatment. The levels of cytokine (IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α) production were significantly lower than those of the LPS(+) group, indicating the anti-inflammatory activity potential of the Kombucha sample. This improvement in the biological function of the LAB-inoculated Kombucha further verifies the value of LAB in the fermented food and beverage industry.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.714-724
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• 2017

재래누룩에서 분리한 효모인 N4와 N9에 대해 쌀 증류식 소주제조 특성을 살펴보았다. 원료 쌀(한아름 품종)의 일반성분은 수분 14.7, 조단백질 6.8, 조지방 0.9, 조회분 0.4, 탄수화물 76.5 g/100 g이었다. 제조된 입국의 총산 함량은 2.92%(citric acid, dry base)였으며 효소활성에 있어 당화력은 926.72, ${\alpha}$-amylase 52.40, gluco-amylase 887.71, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase 0.14, acidic carboxypeptidase 17,335.73, ${\beta}$-glucosidase 174.46 U/g dry base로 나타났다. 술덧의 알코올 함량은 재래누룩 분리 효모가 15.37-16.58%로 상업용 효모 12.33-13.19%보다 16.7-36.0% 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 환원당 함량은 각각 2.04-3.92, 7.92-8.78 g/100 mL로 상업용 효모의 당 이용률이 누룩분리 효모보다 낮았다. 이러한 결과로 증류 후 원주의 획득량이 누룩분리 효모에서 25.2-52.7% 높았다. 쌀 증류식 소주(알코올 25%)에서 41개의 휘발성 성분이 검출되었으며, 주성분 분석 결과 누룩분리 효모와 상업용 효모는 i-BuOH, isobutanal diethyl acetal, ethyl caprate, tetradecanoic acid 성분의 함량 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 고문헌인 임원십육지의 제조법을 바탕을 이용하여 계피 및 한약재에 누룩을 발효원으로 넣어 발효시킨 음청류인 계장을 제조하였다. 계장은 $10^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$에서 7일간 발효한 후 경시적으로 시료를 채취하여 이화학적 품질특성 및 유기산, 유리당, 유리아미노산 함량을 조사하고 관능평가를 실시하였다. 그 결과 lactic acid, acetic acid, shikimic acid 등의 유기산의 생성으로 인해 pH는 낮아지고 산도는 증가하여 계장의 상큼한 맛과 시큼한 맛이 증가하였다. 전체적인 기호도가 가장 우수한 $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일 발효한 시료는 0.5387 mg/mL lactic acid, 0.3810 mg/mL acetic acid, 0.0016 mg/mL shikimic acid를 함유하였으며, 38.18 mg/mL glucose, 7.99 mg/mL maltose, 52.88 mg/mL fructose, 1.64 mg/mL mannitol을 함유하였다. 아미노산 중에서는 계장의 쓴맛에 영향을 주었을 것이라 여겨지는 tryptophan이 가장 많이 함유되어 있었고 이외에도 asparagines, proline, arginine, aspartate 등의 함량이 높게 나타났다. $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효한 계장은 36.70 mg/L tryptophan을 함유하고 있었다. 전체적인 유기산, 유리당, 아미노산의 함량은 $30^{\circ}C>20^{\circ}C>10^{\circ}C$ 순으로 나타났다. 관능평가 결과 $10^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효한 계장의 향의 기호도가 가장 높게 나타났으며 $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효한 계장의 맛 기호도와 종합적 기호도가 가장 높은 것으로 나타나 전통 음청류 계장의 재현을 위해서는 제조 후 $20^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 발효하는 것이 가장 우수할 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 계장의 맛과 관련된 발효 대사물에 관한 본 연구를 바탕으로 계장의 맛과 향을 살리면서 현대인의 입맛에 맞는 다양한 발효조건과 활용방안을 탐색한다면 전통 발효음청류 계장의 대중화가 실현될 것이라 사료된다.