• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.307-315
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing the alcohol drinking behavior in female university students. Methods: The subjects were 298 female university students at three universities in J Province and G city. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS/PC+ 15.0. Results: The variables that affected the drinking behavior of female university students were smoking status, pocket money, coping strategy of problem solving, positive expectancy of alcohol drinking and negative expectancy of alcohol drinking. These factors could explain 30.4% of the drinking behavior. Stress did not affect the drinking behavior of subjects. Conclusion: Drinking behavior of the subjects was slightly higher than average for all women. In order to decrease the drinking behavior, the development of drinking reduction programs is needed and it can lead healthy life for female university students.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2009

Objectives: Although Asian immigrants have lower rates of smoking and binge drinking than other ethnics in the US, Korean Americans have the highest rate of Asian immigrants. This study, therefore, compared with the rates and examined the predictors of smoking and binge drinking by gender and ethnicity among Asian immigrants in California. Methods: In 2001 and 2003, California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) were conducted in English and their original languages with Asian immigrants residing in 58 Counties and 3 Cities, California. We performed analysis to find out the differences of smoking and binge drinking rates using the secondary data, CHIS 2001 and 2003. Multiple logistic regression analysis for survey data identified predictors of smoking and binge drinking behaviors by gender and ethnicity. Results: Korean American males (35.4%) and Japanese American females (15.4%) had higher rates of smoking prevalence compared with other Asian immigrants in California. In binge drinking, 26.5% of male and 8.1% of female among Korean Americans were binge drinker, and the rates were the top with Asian Americans who had lived in California. It showed the remarkable gap between gender of smoking and binge drinking among Vietnamese immigrants, whereas not the striking difference among Japanese Americans. In multiple regression models, age, educational level, occupation, marital status, English proficiency, and health insurance coverage remained significant for smoking and binge drinking behaviors(P<0.05). Even though the time in the US was not significant, it seemed to be related to educational level and English proficiency. In particular among female, smoking and binge drinking behaviors were associated with acculturation. Conclusion: Although Asian Americans had shared with American culture since they had immigrated in the US, they had significantly different prevalence rates of smoking and binge drinking based on gender and ethnicity. Therefore, future efforts should be focused on understanding differences by ethnicity and target at high-risk subgroups. To achieve this, it needs to develop the educational materials in Korean and their original languages.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.123-136
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to investigate the gender difference of relationship between psycho-social factors ana smoking, drinking in adolescents. Method: The stratified cluster sample consisted of 925 adolescents. Data were collected from May to March 2002. The instruments used in this study were Perceived Stress, DES-D, Social Support and Self-Esteem. Results: The results showed that female had more perceived stress, depressed than male. Male had more social support network, smoke than female. Male who smoked cigarettes were more perceived stress, depressed than those who did not smoke. Female who smoked cigarettes were more social support network, and had less self-esteem than those who did not smoke. Also male who drank alcohol were more perceived stress, depressed than those who did not drank. Female who drank alcohol were perceived stress, depressed, social support network, and had less self-esteem than those who did not drank. Conclusion: It is hoped that much more research on gender difference in adolescents who smoked cigarettes, drank alcohol will be implemented in the future. In addition, it is suggested the application of various interventions to deal with drinking and smoking behavior among female and male adolescents.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.441-451
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the smoking behaviors and to identify the impacts of depression, temperament, and characteristic on smoking experience in the female adolescents. Methods: This study surveyed 691 highschool girls in the Gangwon area using self -administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0. using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Results: The smoking rate of the highschool girls was lower than that of the national average. Depression was observed to be seriously in the highschool girls. There were a positive correlations among smoking experience, the school records and novelty seeking and a negative correlation between smoking and cooperativeness. The significant predictors of smoking experience were the type of school, the satisfaction with school the school records, novelty seeking, reward dependence and cooperativeness. Conclusion: These results suggest that femalel adolescents who have the factors identified in this study are considered to have the potential for smoking. These results provide the basis for developing smoking prevention and cessation programs.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.266-276
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify variables related to smoking behaviors (never smoked, former smoker, current smoker) among college students on the basis of the PRECEDE model. Method: Data were collected from 327 college students in Chungbuk Province from May to June 2006 using a self-reported questionnaire. Result: The rate of current smokers was 19.0%. The rate of current smokers in male students (41.1%) was significantly higher than that of female students(8.3%). Also, there were significant differences by general characteristics such as major, academic achievements, satisfaction with major and alcohol consumption. Number of smokers among five close friends was 1.72 and it showed significant differences among different gender, majors, levels of satisfaction with majors and alcohol consumption. In discriminant analysis, discriminant variables on smoking behavior were the number of smokers among close friends, the referent persons' responses about smoking and subject's belief about smoking. Conclusion: These research findings suggest that we can enhance the prevention of college students' smoking by strengthening the related factors such as enforcing a non-smoking environment and strengthening college health education strategies of non-smoking including a negative belief of smoking and the hazard of passive smoking.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify differential impacts on smoking and drinking behaviors according to early menarche. Methods: 31,277 Korean female adolescents who had undergone menarche were included. Among them, 1,822 participants(5.8%) who experienced menarche in elementary school under 4th grade were assigned to early menarche group and others were was assigned normal menarche group. Using 11th(2015) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: Adjusted confounding variables were analyzed and it was found that both drinking and smoking behaviors were higher in early menarche group. The participants with early menarche showed higher risk of non-daily smoking(OR=1.39, 95%CI=1.18-1.63), light daily smoking(OR=1.64, 95%CI=1.14-2.35) and moderate-to-heavy daily smoking(OR=3.15, 95%CI=2.02-4.92). Also, in the drinking behaviors, the risk of light and heavy drinking was higher than those of normal menarche group. Conclusions: Finding of this study showed Early menarche adolescents were associated with heavy smoking and drinking behaviors compared to normal menarche. Further studies are needed more evaluations.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors which effect to female college student' reproductive health promoting behavior in female college students. Methods: The design of this study was correlational study and subjects were 127 female college students from two colleges in B metropolitan city. The data collection was carried out from June 1, 2016 to June 30, 2016. Data were collected using questionaires of characteristics of the subjects, sexual knowledge, sexual behavior, and self-efficacy(KGSE). Results: The subjects' reproductive health promoting behavior differed according to the grade, major, smoking, and experience of weight loss of more than 10 kg within the last 3 months. The subjects' reproductive health promoting behavior had positive correlations with sexual knowledge (r=.39, p<.001) and self-efficacy (r=.34, p<.001), and negative correlation with sexual behavior (r=-.23, p=.011). Sexual knowledge and sexual behavior were influencing factors on reproductive health promoting behavior accounting for 23.0%. Conclusion: This study showed that sexual knowledge and sexual behavior were factors affecting female college students' reproductive health promoting behavior and the most influential factor was sexual knowledge.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.209-221
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• 2000

I began the study to identify the issues related to knowledge. attitude and behavior regarding smoking by sixth graders. which will ultimately lead to the development of a smoking prevention program that will not only help deter school-age children from smoking, but also make them aware of the more desirable behaviors and techniques for healthier life. The results are as follows: 1. Smoking Behavior: Of the focus group. 4.15% are current smokers and 18.23% are ever smokers. 2. Correlation between smoking knowledge and ever smoking: Ever smoking sample($11.10{\pm}3.66$) is less knowledge able than the never-smoking sample($12.17{\pm}3.95$), (t=3.23. p=.001). 3. Correlation between smoking attitude and ever smoking: Ever smoking sample($28.12{\pm}8.51$) was less desirable than the never-smoking sample($l2.17{\pm}3.95$). (t=8.24, p=.000). 4. Correlation between smoking Knowledge and smoking attitude: knowledge about smoking and attitude toward smoking are quantitatively correlated in such way that the more knowledgeable the child is about smoking. the more desirable the attitude toward smoking is(r=.17. p=.000). 5. Correlation between socio-anthropological characteristics and ever smoking: family . atmosphere($x^2$=16.49. p=.001), school life ($x^2$=l1.58, p= .003), grades in school( $x^2$=11.89. p=.003), gender($x^2$=8.97. p=.003). friends' gathering place($x^2$=13.19. p=.02), marital status of parents(p* =.03). and family's financial status($x^2$=6.71. p=.035). In addition, Correlation between somking-environmental characteristics and ever smoking: number of friends who smoke($x^2$=76.01. p=.001). information source for smoking($x^2$=48.03. p=.001), whether or not siblings smoke($x^2$=26.07, p=.001), whether or not female relatives smoke ( $x^2$= 15.65. p= .001), whether or not father smokes ($x^2$= 12.10. p= .007), errands to buy cigarettes for someone($x^2$=9.18. p=.010), and whether or not male relatives smoke ($x^2$=8.82. p=.35) 6. Results of the logistic analysis performed to identify the factors correlated to ever smoking show that: one point decrease in attitude score translates to 25.39 times' increase in ever smoking one person decrease in the number of friends who smoke translates to 0.66 times' decrease in ever smoking: the group where the father has quit smoking has 1.40 times more ever smoking than the group where the father does not smoke at all: and likewise, the group where the father currently smokes has 1.40 times more ever smoking than the group where the father has quit smoking. 7. The overall cause-and-effect relationship between the ever smoking and the related factors: attitude toward smoking caused ever smoking by -.43, smoking by friends, by .12, marital status of arents, by .05, school life. by .04, gender, by -.03, and smoking by father, by -.02. Knowledge about smoking (t=-1.67) did not cause significant effects on ever smoking.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.377-384
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• 2016

This study aimed to examine the difference of tobacco use, health behaviors and family factors according to the daily tobacco use among female adolescents in South Korea using cross-sectional national data. The study used raw data from the 11th Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey that was performed in 2015. Data of a total of 2,006 female students in high school were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23. Of the girl 27.5% in high school reported current smoker. Approximately 19.2% of the participants were classified as a daily smoker group. In the multinomial logistic analysis, factors associated with daily smoking were mother's smoking habit, facilities of residence, subjective academic achievement and subjective economic status. In order to develop health promotion strategy and education programs, it is expected to consider factors found relevant in this study.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.421-433
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between periodontitis, obesity, and health behavior according to sex and age in Korean adults. Methods: Data on 11,032 adults aged 19-79 years were obtained from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES). We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to test for associations. Results: The final model that was adjusted for demographic characteristics and health status, showed a higher risk of periodontitis with increasing body mass index (BMI), smoking, failure to use oral care products, and no dental check up. In the sub-group analysis, only smoking was significant in the 19 to 39-year-old age groups. In the 40 to 64-year-old age group, a BMI of 30 or higher, and smoking, use of oral care products, and dental check-up were significantly associated with periodontitis. In the female group, BMI, smoking, use of oral care products, and dental check-up were significantly related to periodontitis. However, in males, only smoking was significant. Conclusions: Obesity management can be helpful for periodontal health as periodontitis prevalence in adults increased as BMI increased. For periodontal health, an oral health program should include smoking cessation and the use of oral care products and dental check up as part of obesity management.