• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.43
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• pp.83-96
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• 1999

The Purpose of this study was to the basic informations about the wearing stagte according to body satisfaction of the middle aged women. For the research method the actual wearing state of the foundation and the degree of body satisfaction were checked by questionaire survey from 350 middle aged women and analyzed 280 sheets. The results were as follows: 1. At the body satisfaction survey the respondent reply lower score about the girth items especially abdominal girth. According to the body shape and age there were meaningful differences. 2. The actual wearing state of the foundation had meaningful differences according to the body shape and age. The most important was about the fit for their bodies. 3. The most important dissatisfaction was about the fit for their bodies. Also there was meaningful differences according to body shape and age. 4. for the result of the feelings of wearing the foundation the feelings of wearing the girdle were more inconvenient than the feelings of wearing the brassiere Also there were meaningful differences according to the body shape and age. older and obeser women feel more inconvenient.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.21
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• pp.101-112
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• 1993

In representing eroticism in fashion advertising the sentiments of the Post-Modernism thinking of only impulse and pleasure as practical and affirming a human life may he divided into the follwing expression First1 y, Sumbolic Expression The sentiments of Post-Modernism associ ates, the direction sexual intercourse by means of the state and action of wearing the costume or represents indirect symbols with the symbolic expression of an object or phenomenon Secondly, Masochistic, Sadistic Expression. The sentiments of the Post-Modernism in expressing eroticism give people masochistic or sadistic feelings or expressions by means of protographic technigues or the state or background of wearing the model's costume. Thirdly, Homosexual Expression. The sentiments of the Post-Modernism is appropriate to expressing an androgynous and unisex look to people as a role of meeting potential instincts. Fourthy, Feministic Expression. The sentiments of me Post-Modernism also express a subjective woman and represent an extension of her ego through the existence of the woman herself by means of the body-conscious look. Fifthly, Narcissistic Expression. The de-genre such as the introduction high technology and de-campus rnakes consumers have theirself-identity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.642-652
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• 2010

This study examines the inconveniences and problems of established safety-equipment by investigating the actual conditions for elderly people who use welfare services such as wheel chairs provided by care institutions. Suggestions will be made on how to improve the function and convenience of use to suit the needs of the elderly and how to create beautiful wheel chair safety-wear. Medical treatment helpers for the elderly were surveyed about the wearing conditions of wheel chair safety equipment. The present wheel chair safety equipment was shown to be aesthetically unpleasant; in addition, feelings of restriction and unpleasantness were noted (concerning the wearing of the equipment). In addition, there was no feeling of fixed stability. The wheel chair safety-wear that has been designed reflects the inconveniences and problems of current wheel chair safety equipment in material, design, and patterns along with the results of those surveys. Both objective and subjective tests compared the manufactured safety-wear with current equipment. According to the results, the new safety-wear is superior than existing ones.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1462-1468
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• 2021

Purpose; The purpose of this study is to objectively identify and quantify the wearer's feelings of wearing glasses. Methods: The temperature of the skin on the nose ridges and ear, and the area where the glasses were seated, was measured using a thermal imaging camera. Results: Before wearing the glasses, the temperature of the skin surface on the nasal ridge was 34.908 ± 0.875 ℃ and the temperature of the ear region was determined as 31.981 ± 0.549 ℃. The changed temperature measured at 5 minutes later after taking off the glasses showed that the nasal ridge was determined as 35.467 ± 0.342 ℃ and the ear area was determined as 32.994 ± 0.412 ℃ (p<0.05). Conclusions: In this experiment, it was revealed that the glasses cause discomfort and heat in the fitting area. It was the first attempt to study objectively and scientifically. Analysis of frame fitting points by using thermal camera is expected to be helpful when consulting a sensitive person about changes in the fit of glasses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.1361-1373
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• 2009

This study analyzed female motives and psychological experiences related with high-heeled shoes. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with seven females having more than forty pairs of high-heeled shoes. Exploratory data are classified into physical aspects and mental aspects, and the meaning of wearing high-heeled shoes were derived and discussed. First, with high-heeled shoes, the participants tried to make an ideal physical appearance, 1) to make an aesthetic illusion of a longer, more slender body 2) to make a more glamorous bodyline and toned legs. Second, the psychological experiences were as follows: 1) Wearing high-heeled shoes, they felt self-confidence in appearance and had feelings of satisfaction, fulfillment, and superiority. 2) High-heeled shoes gave wearers an increased sexual appearance in addition to a feminine attitude and independent mind. Accordingly, wearers thought they could make males compliant with a better sexual look in private and public life. 3) Through buying or putting on high-heeled shoes, women could change their mood, have mental stability, and channel sexual desires. 4) Some women made the secret self with the collected high-heeled shoes for sexual fantasies. 5) They thought that painful bodies or feet were not cumbersome. In addition, some wearers thought high-heeled shoes were a natural extension of their bodies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2011

This study tests the performance of the recommended winter dress OnMapsi for an office worker through the analysis of skin temperature changes according to the heating environment. We tested and compared the effects of with/without undergarments for 4 male subjects in an artificial-climate chamber with two air temperatures of $19^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C$, $50{\pm}10%$ R.H. During the 60 minute experiment that simulated office work, the subjective feelings (that included thermal, humidity and comfort sensation, and skin temperature) were measured at equal intervals. The results show that the forehead and chest skin temperatures were not affected by air temperature or clothing type, while the hand and foot skin temperatures were affected at $0.3-0.9^{\circ}C$ depending on clothing type and $1.9-2.2^{\circ}C$ depending on air temperature. The mean skin temperature was decreased by the experimental time pass more with regular formal wear than with OnMapsi. The second experiment located the ambient temperature in which subjects wearing OnMapsi show equal skin temperaturesto those without undergarments at $22^{\circ}C$. Therefore it is possible to decrease heating temperatures to $18-21^{\circ}C$ in the office for winter OnMapsi wear that produces a skin temperature and thermal sensation that is the same as those at $22^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.841-852
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• 2009

The aim of the study was to quantify and explore the causal relationships of appearance management through an analysis of one's own clothing and wearing experience, namely clothing preference, personality factors, emotion and mood, newness, familiarity of one's own clothing, and social interaction. Explorative quantitative and qualitative research was carried out using a uniformly composed sample of 10 size 12 females. A personality questionnaire was completed a short while prior to the study. A 10 day ‘wearing diary’ was administered to record where and when outfits were worn. Two questionnaires were completed measure emotion and mood, prior to changing into clothing (a daily baseline), and when they were wearing or changed clothing (dynamic mood). Qualitative information was recorded and included their thoughts and feelings other than the questionnaires, along with photographs that were taken by participants. Preference, social and newness ratings for each outfit worn were recorded after the 10 day period. SPSS analysis identified relationships and linear regression analysis identified preference indicators. Thematic analysis identified 9 themes regarding the management of mood, personality and social factors when wearing one's own clothing. The results indicated strong relationships between emotion, mood, personality and preference and how much newness and different levels of social interaction influence these factors. Participants tended to match their mood and personality with their clothing choices but in some cases also compensated. This research recognises the value of consumer psychological processes involved in appearance management, and has implications for further research into product involvement, post-purchase behaviour and retail strategies for personal shoppers.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.655-665
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• 2010

This study analyzed the effects of skinny jean on women's health by questionnaire survey and measuring the pressure experienced under the clothing and participants' subjective view of the pressure level. The average size women in their 20s' waists is 26 inches and so three pairs of jeans were prepared and worn by 4 female participants. A survey was conducted to investigate how often participants wear skinny jeans and whether they had had any feelings of discomfort as a result of this. Participants responded that they hadexperienced middle to high levels of discomfort due to the high pressure inside skinny jeans. For the maximum value of clothing pressures, jean f2 at the part of buttocks showed $48.7gf/cm^2$. The pressure inside the clothing was found to be highest around the buttocks followed by the knees and finally the belly. The mean values of 7 measuring parts are different according to the jean type; f3 $20.8gf/cm^2$ > f2 $16.4gf/cm^2$ > f1 $15.5gf/cm^2$, which is corresponding to the order of pressure sensation, but not corresponding to the order of ease amount of clothing pattern: f2 > f3 > f1. Mean pressure values were also measured according to the body posture: they were found to by highest when sitting on a chair (21.3gf/$cm^2$), second highest when sitting on the floor ($19.2gf/cm^2$) and lowest when standing ($15.0gf/cm^2$). This is not always same to the order of participants subjective perceptions of the pressure, which is, they estimated pressure to be highest when sitting on the floor followed by sitting on a chair and lowest in a standing position.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.41
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• pp.207-223
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to abstract the image from black dress, which has been favored by many people regardless of the times and examine it throughout the history of drss and thereby clearly define the images that black limplies in dress. Color image is a visual symbol, an image that forms through a combination of visual stimulus created by color, coupled with all the external factors related to it. Black is a one-dimensional color, of which the impact is subjective to its energy, which depends on light reflected on the object, and its texture. Therefore, black projects different images, depending on its surroundings. In general, black has had negative connotations in the Western culture. In dress, however, it has implied other various images different from the general negative ones. By combining general images of black and those exprssed in dress, major images of black were categorized into dignity, elegance, eroticism, asceticism and tragedy. Dignity is a category similar to the sublime. Dress with dignity has sharp contours and is generally made of velvet or silk which can be characterized by their splendor and voluminous-ness, exaggerating the body of a person wearing it. Such costume is mostly found in powerful countries in history such as Burgundy Court in the 15C, Spain in the 16C. Netherlands in the 17C. Elegance evokes grace and beautifulness. It includes elegance, grace, beauty and dandyism as subcategories or silk. Good examples are dandies' black costume and Ladies black and white dressees in the 19C. Eroticism is an image which expresses sexual attractiveness. Costume with eroticism is made of velvet or silk, which project sumptuousness through reflection. Such costumes expose parts of the body or are tightly tailored in order to emphasizes body contours. Asceticism means restraint from physical and mental desires. Costume with asceticism makes a person wearing it look smaller by covering the whole body. Puritan's black dresses and Bourgeoisie's black suit are good examples. Tragedy is anguish. sorrow. Black costume with grievous feelings such as mourning dresses is made of lusterless textile concealing most of the body except for the face.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.965-975
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• 2004

The writer reviewed on Chojop and came to conclusions as follows. Symptoms of Chojop is appeared digestive ailment such as belching, nausea, regurgitation of acid, stomachache etc., if being serious, felt oppressed with palpitating in chest and uneasiness at times. In Dangaesimbub written by Chujinhyung, the causes of Chojop were mainly regarded as phlegmatic fire(痰火) and suggested the way of treatment. The causes of Chojop are movable fire with phlegm, insufficiency of blood caused by thinking to excess, and Shinyanghohan(腎陽虛汗) that is piled cold phlegm by voidance and coldness of Renal Yang, but the main cause is brought to a conclusion as phlegmatic fire. The phlegmatic fire is come from being in discord with the spleen and the stomach, or from in harmony between vigor and blood according to essence and vital energy which are disturbed by combined feelings. That is caused by disharmony between inner and outer conditions according to individuals. The distinctive features in shapes of Chojop are revealed to shapes such as manlike woman, womanlike man, wearing darkish or reddish color between two eyebrows, being almond eyed, strong eyebrows, being sunk the upper part of the nose bridge, lots of facial blots, Dam-body, Ki type, Shin type, Birds group, and Yangmyung type. The doctors can prescribe Whadamchungwhatang to Yangmyung type, Yanghyulsamul-tang for patients with strong eyebrows so flourishing blood and vigor, Hyangsapyungwuisan for patients belong to Birds group, Soshikchungul-tang for Ki type, and Palmiwhan for man belonged to Bangkwang-body with voidance and coldness of Renal Yang chiefly.