• Atmosphere
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.405-414
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• 2011

In this study, the influence of a change in land use on the local weather fields is investigated around the Lake Shihwa area using synthetic land cover data and a high-resolution mesoscale model - the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF). The default land cover data generally used in the WRF is based on the land use category of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), which erroneously presents most land areas of the Korean Peninsula as savannas. To revise such a fault, a multi-temporal land cover data, provided by the Ministry of Environment of Korea, was employed to generate a land cover map of 2005 subject to the land use in Korea at that time. A new land cover map of 1989, before the construction of the Lake Shihwa, was made based on the 2005 map and the Landsat 4-5 TM satellite images of two years. Over the areas where the land use had been changed (e.g., from sea to wetlands, towns, etc.) due to the Lake Shihwa development project, the skin temperature decreased by up to $8^{\circ}C$ in the winter case while increased by as much as $14^{\circ}C$ in the summer case. Changes in the water vapor mixing ratio were mostly affected by advection and topography in both seasons, with considerable increase in the summer case due to continuous sea breeze. Local decrease in water vapor occurred over high land use change areas and/or over downstream of such areas where alteration in wind fields were induced by changes in skin temperature and surface roughness at the areas of land use changes. The albedo increased by about 0.1% in the regions where sea was converted into wetland. In the regions where urban areas were developed, such as Songdo New Town and Incheon International Airport, the albedo increased by up to 0.16%.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.128-136
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a new cache structure for effective error correction of soft error. We added check bit and SEEB(soft error evaluation block) to evaluate the status of cache line. The SEEB stores result of parity check into the two-bit shit register and set the check bit to '1' when parity check fails twice in the same cache line. In this case the line where parity check fails twice is treated as a vulnerable to soft error. When the data is filled into the cache, the new replacement algorithm is suggested that it can only use the valid block determined by SEEB. This structure prohibits the vulnerable line from being used and contributes to efficient use of cache by the reuse of line where parity check fails only once can be reused. We tried to minimize the side effect of the proposed cache and the experimental results, using SPEC2000 benchmark, showed 3% degradation in hit rate, 15% timing overhead because of parity logic and 2.7% area overhead. But it can be considered as trivial for SEEB because almost tolerant design inevitably adopt this parity method even if there are some overhead. And if only parity logic is used then it can have $5%{\sim}10%$ advantage than ECC logic. By using this proposed cache, the system will be protected from the threat of soft error in cache and the hit rate can be maintained to the level without soft error in the cache.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.87-104
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• 1990

Foliated granites between Damyang and Jinan are subdivided into Daegang foliated granite, Foliated hornblende biotite granodiorite, Sunchang foliated granodiorite, Foliated two mica granite and Samori foliated granite by mineral and texture. From EPMA data of the foliated granites following results are achieved. Composition of plagioclase are correspond to andesine, oligoclase and albite in Foliated hornblende biotite granodiorite, Sunchang foliated granodiorite and other foliated granites, respectively. And amphiboles are calcic hornblende in Foliated hornblende biotite granodiorite, and riebeckite in Daegang foliated granite. In differentiation index(D. I.) and Larsen index(L. I.), Daegang foliated granite, Foliated two mica granite and Samori foliated granite which belong to granite are 83.12-95.54 and 25.86-29.05 and Foliated hornblende biotite granodiorite and Sunchang foliated granodiorite of diorite to granodiorite are 54.99-78.54(D. I.) and 6.48-21.01(L. I.). Harker and AMF diagrams plotted from foliated granites show that the granites are product of calc alkali rock series orignated from co-magma. Characteristic foliation of foliated granites fromed by ductile deformation at deep zone of dextral strike slip fault. Foliated granites are considered as a series of differentiated product of Triassic Igneous activity of Songrim disturbance. According to REE, (La/Lu) and Eu/Sm, Foliated hornblende biotite granodiorite and Sunchang foliated granodiorite are correspond to granodiorite, and other foliated granites are monzo-and syeno-granite. Foliated granites having 0.20-0.01 of Em/Sm ratio are plutons emplaced by the tectonic setting in continents and continental margin.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.50-59
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• 2006

In this paper, We are going to propose the fire protection system using CAN(Controller Area Network). The larger, higher and deeper buildings an, the more dangerous people are when fire happens. We should be aware of the problems of prior fire protection system. Therefore, we construct the embedded system based on CAN communication that is capable of N to N communication, and build independent fire protection system. If the fire is occurred on the building, the problem is that how fast we can detect the fire and put it on by using available system, this is major factor that reduces damage of our wealth. Therefore in this studies, We would like to design more stable system than current system. This system is based on CAN communication which is available N to N communication constructs and designed to compensate for each fault, so that our aim is to reduce the wires of system, cost of installation and to suppose future type fire protection system.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.341-354
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• 2016

This article is to apply the tunnel support system selected after comparatively analyzing of RMR and tunnel instrumentation between the tunnel behavior characteristic predicted through geotechnical investigations and the numerical analysis at the design stage and the properties deformation occurred at the construction stage. This attempt results from the behavior characteristic of the tunnel excavation ground shown differently in accordance with the ground quality and reinforcement method. This, therefore, provide the data and results analysed the actual decision RMR-crown settlement & convergence and reduction of material property of ground as parameters. Also, it's shown that the tunnel designer is able to predict tunnel behavior characteristic when designing in bedrock areas excessively distributed faults and fractured zones.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.280-291
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• 2018

Recently, various interactions have been actively conducted through sharing and expressing opinions among users in social networks. In this process, since malicious users and fault information spread misinformation, trust is reduced irrespective of their will. To solve this problem, studies have been conducted to determine the trust of a user through direct-connected users. In this paper, we propose a enhanced user indirect trust discrimination scheme considering the connection relation and influence of users. The proposed indirect trust computation scheme derives the user's area of interest through user interaction and reconstructs the existing network considering the user connection relationship. The final indirect trust is also detected by determining whether the user is a malicious user through the influence of the user. Through various performance evaluations, we show that the proposed scheme achieves better performance than the existing method.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.145-150
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• 2005

A maximum of 3 km thickness of sediments were deposited above basement deformed by volcanic activities around the Dok Island. As the geological structure, the tension caused the basement-involved normal faults in the early stage of basin formation, whereas the sediment layers showed normal faults, volcanic domes and sills caused by volcanic activities. From the distribution of volcanics in order of age at the Ulleung Basin, volcanic activities were increased toward the northeastern direction (toward Dok Island). The study area is characterized by extensional crustal deformation before sediment deposition during the Early or Middle Miocene age, After the Late Miocene age, the basin was deformed by deep buried volcanics or subsidence of basin, in consequence, became complex geological structures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.185-190
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• 1997

Electrical surveys were conducted at the Seokdae waste landfill in July,1996. Within the landfill, 4 lines of dipole-dipole surveys and 7 Schlumberger soundings were carried out and 2 soundings in front of the landfill. In the landfill, interpretations of the survey data show low resistivity zones below 10 Ωm to a depth of 50 m from the surface and such low resistivity zones of the D block are thicker than those of the other blocks by about 2~10 m. Considering the depth of the bedrock and the height of waste reclamation, no evidence of bedrock contamination by leachate is indicated. But it is inferred that the weathered zones are contaminated in the landfill. In the block A and B, minor fault having the strike of N$70^{\circ}$W have been confirmed by dipole-dipole surveys, so future contamination of the bedrock by leachate is possible The degree of ground contamination is the highest in the D block due to the leachate plume mainly heading for this block. On the other hand, electrical soundings do not indicate ground contamination by leachate in the front area of the landfill.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

In this paper, we present a smart grid monitoring system connected with electric vehicle charging system using anti-islanding method. Electric vehicles can be charged through remote control of smart grid monitoring system and the charging process may be more stable and more efficient by wireless communication between the Local Area Module and End Modules. It is illustrated by some experiments that electric vehicle charging process may not be interrupted without any serious fault even though the islanding phenomena occurred in the grid if the presented monitoring system was applied to the smart grid system.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1996

To design the safe and rational rock slope, several rock slopes of roads in Kang-won area were analyzed, and the following results were obtained ; 1. The results were analyzed by stereographic projection at the rock slope that the joint was developed. All of the sloped which were designed by standard slope of rock was not considered that the joints were unstable. 2. The relation of rainfall and slope failure, as well as the danger of failure, was very high when the maximum hourly rainfall was larger than 20mm and when there was a 2-day cumulative rainfall that was larger than 200mm. 3. In the design of rock slope, operated by the stereographic projection considering discontinuity. If turn out unstable, it should be analyzed carefully using the limit equilibrium method. 4. In the design of rock slope, it is desirable to consider the discontinuity of rock(joint, bedding, fault).