• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2016

아이코사노이드는 탄소수 20 개의 다가불포화지방산 산화물로 구성된다. 이들 다가불포화지방산의 생합성 전구물질을 탐지하기 위해 파밤나방(Spodoptera exigua)의 서로 다른 조직으로부터 지방산을 분리하여 GC/MS로 조성을 분석하였다. 파밤나방 5령 유충에서 소화관, 지방체, 혈구 및 체벽을 분리하고, 각 조직에서 지질을 추출하여 각각 중성지질, 당지질 및 인지질로 분리하였다. 대부분의 조직은 palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), linoleic acid (18:2) 그리고 linolenic acid (18:3)를 주요 지방산으로 함유하였다. 그러나 이들 지방산의 조성은 조직과 지질 종류에 따라 상이하였다. 지방체와 혈구세포는 이들 주요 지방산 이외에 myristic acid (14:0)와 3 종류의 미동정 지방산들이 추가로 검출되었다. 서로 다른 지질 종류 가운데 인지질은 중성지질이나 당지질에 비해 상대적으로 높은 linolenic acid를 지닌 반면 포화지방산의 함유량은 낮았다. 전체 불포화지방산의 조성도 조직과 지질 종류에 따라 상이하였다. 인지질은 지방체, 혈구 및 소화관에서 높은 불포화지방산 함유량을 나타냈다. 세포성 인지질분해효소인 calcium-independent phospholipase $A_2$ ($iPLA_2$)는 지방산 조성을 조절하는 데 역할을 담당하였다. 이 유전자의 RNA 간섭은 중성지질과 인지질에서 지방산 조성의 변화를 유발하였다. 본 연구는 아이코사노이드 생합성의 전구물질로 여겨지는 아라키도닉산을 검출하지 못했다. 이는 곤충에 있어서 아이코사노이드는 포유동물과는 다른 새로운 생합성 과정을 통해 형성되는 것으로 추정된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.881-887
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• 2009

Forty-four eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-producing microbial strains were isolated from the intestines of marine fishes. Among them, one strain showing a maximum level of EPA (4.78% of total fatty acids) was identified as Shewanella sp. BR-2 on the basis of its 168 rRNA sequence. The EPA content reached a maximum level during the mid-exponential phase of cell growth, and gradually decreased with further growth of the cells. A cosmid DNA including the EPA biosynthesis gene cluster consisting of pfaA-E was isolated from a cosmid library of genomic DNA of Shewanella sp. BR-2, named pCosEPA-BR2. An E. coli clone harboring pCosEPA-BR2 produced EPA at a maximum level of 7.5% of total fatty acids, confirming the EPA biosynthesis activity of the cloned gene cluster.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1997

Copper chloride 10 ppm, manganese chloride 100 ppm, nickel chloride 50 ppm을 각각 처리한 Bacillus subtilis를 배양하는 동안에 이들 세포에서 일어나는 인지질 생합성 및 지방산 조성의 변화를 대조구와 비교하여 분석하였다. 세포의 생장과 phosphatidylethanloamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, cardilolpin은 대조구에 비해 금속 화합물 처리구에서 저해되었는데 copper chloride가 가장 큰 억제 효과를 나타내었다. 그러나 phosphatidylinositol은 금속화합물의 영향을 받지 않았다. 인지질 생합성에 이용된 주요 지방산은 대조구에서는 palmitic acid(평균 19.00%)와 stearic acid(평균 9.58%)로 나타났다. 그러나 copper chloride 처리구는 palmitic acid(평균 17.38%)와 oleic acid(평균 15.99%)가 인지질 생합성에 이용된 주요 지방산이었고, manganese chloride 처리구는 palmitic acid(평균 15.00%)와 myristic acid(평균 14.24%), nickel chloride 처리구는 oleic acid(평균 17.87%)와 stearic acid(평균 13.78%)가 인지질 형성에 이용되었다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.224-232
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• 2020

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide and is characterized by degeneration of the optic nerve. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the major contributing factor to optic nerve damage. However, some patients develop glaucoma even with normal IOP. Other factors, including age, race, myopia, and nutrition, can affect glaucoma risk. Dietary fat intake and serum fatty acid composition are closely related with the fatty acid profile of the retina and thus can modulate glaucoma risk. In this study, we collected serum samples from 34 glaucoma patients (26 primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 8 normal tension glaucoma (NTG)) and 45 healthy controls and analyzed their serum phospholipid fatty acid concentrations. The results show that the ratio of oleic acid to stearic acid (OA/SA), which is an indicator of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity, was higher in POAG patients when compared to normal controls. The ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid to arachidonic acid (EPA/AA), which is an indirect marker of eicosanoid biosynthesis, was also higher in glaucoma patients (p=0.048). These results imply that dietary fatty acid intake and serum fatty acid profile can influence glaucoma risk. Additional study is necessary to identify the relationship between fatty acids and glaucoma.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.231.1-231.1
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• 2002

The anaerobic pathway for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis was established in the 1960s in Escherichia coli. The double bond is introduced into the growing acyl chain by FabA., an enzyme capable of both the dehydration of ${\beta}$-hydroxdecanoyl-［acyl carrier protein］ (ACP) to trans-2-decenoyl-ACP. and the isomerization of trans-2 to cis-3-decenoyl-ACP. However. there are a number of anaerobic bacteria whose genomes do not contain a fabA homolog, but these organisms nonetheless produce unsaturated fatty acids. (omitted)

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2015

Acyl carrier protein is related with fatty acid biosynthesis in which specific enzymes are involved. Especially, acyl carrier protein (ACP) is the key component in the growing of fatty acid chain. ACP is the small, very acidic protein that covalently binds various intermediates of fatty acyl chain. Acylation of ACP is mediated by holo-acyl carrier protein synthase (ACPS), which transfers the 4'PP-moiety of CoA to the 36th residue Ser of apo ACP. Acyl carrier protein P (ACPP) is one of ACPs from Helicobacter plyori. The NMR structure of ACPP consists of four helices, which were reported previously. Here we show how acylation of ACPP can affect the overall structure of ACPP and figured out the contact surface of ACPP to acyl chain attached during expression of ACPP in E. coli. Based on the chemical shift perturbation data, the acylation of ACCP seems to affect the conformation of the long loop connecting helix I and helix II as well as the second short loop connecting helix II and helix III. The significant chemical shift change of Ile 54 upon acylation supports the contact of acyl chain and the second loop.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.910-923
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• 1994

The effects of individual fatty acids, differing in their degree of unsaturation(18:0, 18:1, 18:2 and 18:3) on the biosynthesis and secretion and lipids were investigated in Hep-G2 cells. Synthesis of apolipoprotein was measured by the incorporation of 3H-leucine into apolipoprotein(d<1.21g/ml) and synthesis of lipids was measured by the incorporation of 3H-glycerol and 14C-acetate into various lipid classes. Inclusion of 1.0mM of each fatty acids into the culture medium significantly increased the synthesis of total apolipoprotein and Apo B(p<0.05). However, addition of fatty acid did not affect the synthesis of cellular and medium protein. Among different fatty acids tested, oleic acid had the greatest effect on Apo B synthesis. While stearic, linoleic and linolenic acid, all had similar effects. The secretion of triglyceride into the medium markedly increased in all fatty acid groups being 5-6 times over the albumin control. The triglyceride secretion was the highest int he oleic acid group. The secretion of phospholipid and cholesterol also increased with triglyceride output. A positive relationship existed between the output of lipoprotein-triglyceride and Apo B. Since the synthesis of Apo B was significantly increased when various fatty acids were included into the culture medium, part of the apparently stimulated synthesis of the apolipoprotein may be in response to the increased formation and secretion of lipoprotein lipids.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.221-231
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• 1998

Chlorella ellipsoidea의 엽록체막 및 틸라코이드 막의 당지질 생합성과 그의 지방산 조성에 식품 보전제가 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 potassium sorbate(0.3 mM, P.S) , sodium bensoate(0.4mM, S.b), calcium propionate(2 mM, C.P)를 처리한 배지에서 세포를 배양한 후 배양초와 배양 중간기에 세포를 수확하여 막을 분리하고, 이들 막을 구성하고 있는 당지질 중 MGDG, DGDG의 함량 및 그의 지방산 조성을 대조구와 비교 분석하였다. Total lipid와 MGDG, DGDG 함량은 대조구와 비교해 볼 때 처리구에서 현저하게 감소하였다. 염록체막의 BGDG를 구성하는 지방산은 대조구에서는 palmitoleic acid 15.55% , oleic acid 15.09%가 이용되었으며, P.S 처리구는 linolenic acid 14.36%, oleic acid 14.71%, S.B 처리구는 palmitoleic acid 18.26%, oleic acid 17.26%, C.P 처리구는 palmitoleic acid 16.31%, oleic acid 16.88%를 당지할 합성에 주로 이용하였다. DGDG 형성에 이용된 지방산은 대조구의 경우 linolenic acid 17.74%, oleic acid 15.75%, P.S처리구는 palmitoleic acid 15.97%, oleic acid 14.90%, S.B 처리구는 oleic acid 15.74%, palmitoleic acid 13.29% C.P 처리구에서는 oleic acid 14.52%, palmitoleic acid 14.03%가 당지질 합성에 도입되었다. 틸라코이ㅡ막에서의 당지질 중 MGDG 생합성에 이용되는 지방산은 대조구에서는 linolenic acid 가 14.76%, oleic acid가 12.90% 사용되었으며 P.S 처리구에서는 palmitic acid와 palmitoleic acid가 각각 13.00%씩 이용되었다. S.B 처리구는 palmitoleic acid 12.94%, oleic acid 12.44% , C.P 처리구는 oleic acid 13.27 %, palmitoleic acid 9.66%를 당지질 생합성에 이용하였다. DGDG 합성에 이용되는 지방산은 대조구의 경우 linolenic acid 18.01% , oleic acid 15.53%로 나타났으며, P.S 처리구는 linolenic acid 19.20%, linoleic acid 14.14%, S.B 처리구는 oleic acid 14.85%, palmitoleic acid 9.03%, C.P 처리구는 linolenic acid 12.66%, olei acid 13.90%를 주로 이용하였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.309-319
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• 2017

The research investigates the inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis of the human Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase enzyme by the aromatic-structure inhibitors (also known as ligands) containing variables of substituents, contributing an important role in the treatment of fatty-acid metabolic syndrome expressed by the group of cardiovascular risk factors increasing the incidence of coronary heart disease and type-2 diabetes. The effective interoperability between ligand and enzyme is characterized by a 50% concentration of enzyme inhibitor ($IC_{50}$) which was determined by experiment, and the factor of geometry structure of the ligands which are modeled by quantum mechanical methods using HyperChem 8.0.10 and Gaussian 09W softwares, combining with the calculation of quantum chemical and chemico-physical structural parameters using HyperChem 8.0.10 and Padel Descriptor 2.21 softwares. The result data are processed with the combination of classical statistical methods and modern bioinformatics methods using the statistical softwares of Department of Pharmaceutical Technology - Jadavpur University - India and R v3.3.1 software in order to accomplish a model of the quantitative structure - activity relationship between aromatic-structure ligands inhibiting fatty acid biosynthesis of the human Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.1190-1197
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• 2016

The acid response of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum BBMN68 has been studied in our previous study. The fab gene, which is supposed to be involved in membrane fatty acid biosynthesis, was demonstrated to be induced in acid response. In order to investigate the relationship between acid response and cell membrane fatty acid composition, the acid adaptation of BBMN68 was assessed and the membrane fatty acid composition at different adaptation conditions was identified. Indeed, the fatty acid composition was influenced by acid adaptation. Our results showed that the effective acid adaptations were accompanied with decrease in the unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratio (UFA/SFA) and increase in cyclopropane fatty acid (CFA) content, which corresponded to previous studies. Moreover, both effective and non-effective acid adaptation conditions resulted in decrease in the C_18:1 cis-9/C_18:1 trans-9 ratio, indicating that the C_18:1 cis-9/C_18:1 trans-9 ratio is associated with acid tolerance response but not with acid adaptation response. Taken together, this study indicated that the UFA/SFA and CFA content of BBMN68 were involved in acid adaptation and the C_18:1 cis-9/C_18:1 trans-9 ratio was involved in acid tolerance response.