• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.221-232
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• 2015

Broadband echoes measured in live chub mackerel Scomber japonicus, goldeye rockfish Sebastes thompsoni, and fat greenling Hexagrammos otakii with different morphologies and internal characteristics were analyzed in time and frequency domains to understand the species-specific echo feature characteristics for classifying fish species. The mean echo image for each time-frequency representation dataset obtained as a function of orientation angle was extracted to mitigate the effect of fish orientation on acoustic scattering. The joint time-frequency content of the broadband echo signals was obtained using the smoothed pseudo-Wigner-Ville distribution (SPWVD). The SPWVDs were analyzed for each echo signature of the three fish species. The results show that the time-frequency analysis provided species-specific echo structure patterns and metrics of the broadband acoustic signals to facilitate fish species classification.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.95-110
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• 1982

For the purpose of investigation to identify the quantities of heavy metals contained in the tissues of the Korean people, a series of analyses was conducted with atomic absorption spectrophotometry to measure the amount of lead, cadmium and copper distributed in various tissues, such as brain, liver, kidney, heart, lung, spleen, large intestine, hair, muscle, fat, stomach, costal cartilage, blood and urine, obtained from 30 cadaverous bodies who were believed not exposed to the said heavy metals during their life time either occupationally or therapeutically. 1. Lead content: Inter-individual difference was noted in lead contents in each tissue, vis., the average content of lead in hair was the highest with $14.90{\pm}9.74ppm$. The next was in costal cartilage that contained $5.56{\pm}3.86ppm$. The average contents of lead in liver, kidney and muscle were the lowest in value, showing $1.11{\pm}0.92ppm,\;0.73{\pm}0.48ppm\;and\;0.06{\pm}0.06ppm$, respectively, The lead contents in tissues of children under the age of 10 were significantly lower than those of adults, and the higher values were shown in males than in females in general. The lead contents in most of the tissues such as hair, costal cartilage, kidney, lung, fat, stomach, large intestine, heart, muscle and urine were well correlated with age. 2. Cadmium content: The average content of cadmium in kidney appeared to be the highest of other tissues showing $20.72{\pm}9.82ppm$, and liver came next with the value of $1.17{\pm}0.99ppm$. It was estimated that 83.9% of the total cadmium absorbed into the body was stored in kidney, 4.796 in liver, and the remaining 11.4% was distributed in the rest of the tissues. Cadmium contents in tissues showed difference between both sexes showing higher values in the females than in the males, which was quite contrary to the lead content. Cadmium contents in tissues steadily increased in amount with age, showing a significant correlation with age in all tissues. 3. Copper content: The average content of copper in hair was the highest with $10.36{\pm}2.21ppm$, and liver came next with $6.31{\pm}1.24ppm$. The copper that was absorbed into the body was distributed in each tissue: 29.9% in hair, 18.2% in liver, $5{\sim}11.0%$ in brain, heart and kidney, and $3.0{\sim}3.5%$ in stomach, blood, and lung. The copper contents in tissues of children under the age of 10 showed significantly higher values in liver, kidney, heart and large intestine than those of the adults. The copper contents in brain, costal cartilage and fat were well correlated with age showing the highest correlation coefficient of 0.870 (p<0.01) in brain tissue. There was no difference in copper contents in tissues between both sexes, and the values were, in general, lower than those for Japanese.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.441-443
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• 1989

The major kernels$(7{\sim}10\;mesh)$ of naked barley were pearled to give an average yield for each pearling of about 5% flour, with 70% of the naked barley left as residual kernel. The contents of protein, fat and ash were in the highest in the fraction of 1,2 and 3, respectively. These fractions contained 1, 4 times of protein, 3.16 times of fat and 3.08 times of ash more than those values of original kernel. Residual kernels contained 62% of protein, 38% of fat and 35% of ash in the original kernel. Among minerals, the content of Ca, Na, Fe and Mn were in the highest in fraction 1 ; P, Mg and Zn in fraction 2 ; and K and Cu in fraction 3. Concentrations of these minerals were the lowest in the residual kernel. Magnesium showed the deepest concentration gradient, while iron was evenly distributed within the kernel.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.772-787
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• 2000

In this study, evaluation on the loaches from the various sources was carried out in respect of their taste compounds. The samples were classified by local, season and growing condition and evaluated in terms of composition, the refuse, contents of nucleotides and their related compounds, total and free amino acid, organic acid and fatty acid. Evaluation on the compositions revealed the fact that, in terms of the local, the imported loach contain a low level of fat and high level of ash, in comparison with Korean loach; in terms of growing condition, cultured loach contains a high level of fat and low level of moisture, in comparison with wild loach; and in terms of the season, the summer loach contains less moisture than the fall loath; but as for the contents of other component, the summer loach was superior. As for the refuse, the imported loach had a greater refuse than the Korean loach. In the growing condition, the wild loach had lower value than the cultured loach. There was no substantial difference in each season. Also nucleotide and these related compounds were detected in all of the samples, while ATP was not found. The content levels of such detected compound did not show a substantial difference in each condition. However, generally, the imported loach was poor in such compound and all of the samples were high in IMP. The samples were high in total amino acids. The local and growing conditions showed no substantial difference, while in the season, the summer loach had a higher content of total and essential amino acid than the fall loach. As for the contents of free amino acids, similar distribution of the composition was shown in each sample, even though there was little difference in their constituents. Also, total content of free amino acid varied with the conditions of the samples. As for total content of organic acid and the distribution of the composition, there was a little difference between each condition. In the season and growing condition, the summer loach was high in organic acid. As for the distribution of the fatty acid compositions, there was no substantial difference between each condition and each sample. In the case of the wild loach, the summer loach was high in ${\omega}-3$ polyunsaturated fatty acid and the fall loach was high in essential fatty acid. Similarly, in the case of the imported loach, the summer loach was high in ${\omega}-3$ polyunsaturated fatty acid and the fall loach was high in essential fatty acid.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.725-732
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of hydrated potato starch on the quality of low-fat ttoekgalbi (Korean traditional patty) packaged in modified atmosphere conditions during storage. The ttoekgalbi was prepared from 53.2% lean beef, 13.9% lean pork, 9.3% pork fat, and 23.6% other ingredients. Two low-fat ttoekgalbi treatments were prepared by substituting pork fat with hydrated potato starch; either by 50% fat replacement (50% FR) or 100% fat replacement (100% FR). Both 50% and 100% FR increased the moisture, crude protein, and decreased fat content, cooking loss, and hardness. For MAP studies, 200 g of ttoekgalbi were placed on the tray and filled with gas composed of 70% $O_2$: 30% $CO_2$ (70% $O_2$-MAP) and 30% $CO_2$: 70% $N_2$ (70% $N_2$-MAP), and were stored at $5^{\circ}C$ for 12 d. During the storage time, both 50% and 100% FR showed higher protein deterioration, while no differences were found in CIE $a^*$, CIE $L^*$, lipid oxidation, and bacterial counts in comparison to control. The ttoekgalbi with 70% $O_2$-MAP was more red, lighter in color, and showed higher TBARS values compared with 70% $N_2$-MAP. The meat with 70% $N_2$-MAP showed lower aerobic bacterial counts in control than those with 70% $O_2$-MAP. The lower anaerobic bacterial counts were observed only in 50% FR and 100% FR packed with 70% $N_2$-MAP in comparison with 70% $O_2$-MAP. In conclusion, the fat replacement with hydrated potato starch showed no negative effects on the quality of low fat ttoekgalbi during storage and 70% $N_2$-MAP was better than 70% $O_2$-MAP for low-fat ttoekgalbi packaging.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.589-597
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• 2019

In this study, 70 kinds of nutritional composition for five bokkeumbap products(spicy chicken, shrimp(saeu), haemul, nakji, and barbecue bokkeumbap) in high-frequency processed foods were analyzed. Raw data of intake amounts were collected from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Regarding proximate composition, spicy chicken bokkeumbap had lower water content and higher carbohydrate content than other bokkeumbaps, resulting in the highest total calories. The proximate composition of other bokkeumbaps were all distributed within a similar range. Vitamin content differed according to ingredients added to the bokkeumbaps. Haemul bokkeumbap had high content of vitamins B₁ and B₂, nakji bokkeumbap had high content of vitamin C and β-carotene, and barbecue bokkeumbap had high content of total niacin, folic acid, and vitamin A. For mineral content, barbecue bokkeumbap showed the highest content distribution, while nakji bokkeumbap showed the lowest content distribution. Regarding fatty acid and fat content, the highest content of fatty acids, saturated fats, and trans fats was detected in shrimp(saeu) bokkeumbap. For amino acid content, barbecue bokkeumbap showed highest content distribution. These results can be used as salient basic data for a food nutrient composition database and to significantly contribute to consumers' health.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.495-501
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• 2000

배경 : 운동부하심폐기능검사는 운동 장애의 조기진단과 환자의 심폐 예비능력을 측정할 수 있는 유용한 방법이다. 또한 비만이 최대운동의 제한인자로 작용함이 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 운동부하심폐기능검사와 체성분분석기를 통하여 비만과 비만의 부위가 최대 운동능력에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법 : 건강한 자원자 42명을 대상으로 하여 체성분분석기 Inbody 2.0 (Biospace Co)와 bicycle ergometer 2900 model(Sensormedic Co, USA)을 이용하여 체생분분석과 운동부하심폐기능검사를 시행하였다. 결과 : 전체 대상군에서 $VO_2$max/min/kg은 비만도와 의미있는 역상관관계를 보였고, 체지방율과도 통계적으로 의미있는 역상관관계를 보였다. 전체 대상군에서는 $VO_2$max/min/kg이 복부지방률과 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았지만, 남자대상군에서는 $VO_2$max/min/kg와 복부지방률이 통계적으로 유의한 역상관관계를 보였다. 결론 : 비만이 운동에 제한인자로 작용한다는 것을 확인하였고, 남자에서는 비만 중에는 특히 북부미만이 운동능력에 제한적인 영향을 미친다는 사실을 확인하였다. 여성 대상자에서는 복부비만의 기준을 만족하는 대상자가 적어서 복부비만의 영향평가가 어려웠다. 이상의 결과로 임상에서 운동부하심폐기능검사 결과 판독시에는 비만과 비만부위에 의한 영향을 고려하는 것이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.380-386
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• 1994

흰쥐의 간조직에 미치는 gramoxone 독성과 비타민 C의 완화효과에 대해 조사하였다. Gramoxone처리군에서 간세포의 혼탁종창과 지방변화가 사육기간이 증가함에 따라 현저하고 혼탁종창보다는 지방변화가 더 현저하였으며, 특히 간소엽의 문맥야주변대 간세포에서 지방변화가 심하였다. Kupffer세포의 수도 증가하여 4주 사육군에서 제일 많이 증가하였다. Gramoxone-비타민 C 처리군에서 간세포의 혼탁종창과 지방변화가 현저히 감소하였다. 간세포의 glycogen 함량은 정상대조군에 비해 gramoxone처리군에서 다소 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며 특히 지방변화가 많이 일어난 간세포에서 glycogen 함량이 더 많았다. Gramoxone-비타민 C 처리군에서 gramoxone처리군에 비해 간세포의 glycogen 함량이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a computerized software program to help for reproductive management in dairy cows. The developed software program in the study is compatible with a window 95/98 or XP system. Data in the system were recorded, stored, and processed from two sources: 1) Data downloaded monthly from the database of the Korean Dairy Herd Improvement Association (milk yields, milk somatic cell counts, milk fat, protein, lactose and urea nitrogen content). 2) Data recorded by the farmer or veterinarians by the time (body condition score, heats, inseminations, veterinary diagnosis and treatments). These data indices after processing by computerized dairy management system were presented by numerical or graphical display. The presented data were obtained from three dairy farms with more than 50 milking cows. The presented reports of this program using milk fat, protein, urea nitrogen, and somatic cell counts enabled the dairy producer and veterinarians to monitor the protein-energy balance and feeding management practice, and for distribution of diseases (mastitis, metabolic and reproductive disorder) in individual cows. The presented analytical reports of this program also included herd average of reproductive indices such as day to first insemination, days open, and inseminations per conception. This software program will assist in analysis, interpretation and demonstrate the results of reproductive trials conducted in dairy herds.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2008

This study was performed to find out starch properties of rice grains in three varieties with different amylose content, Ilpumbyeo (non-waxy), Goami2 (high amylose), and Hwasunchalbyeo (waxy rice). There was no difference among physico-chemical characteristics of rice grains, but Goami 2 showed $2{\sim}3$ folds higher crude fat (1.36%) than Ilpumbyeo. Pasting properties of RVA showed the highest values of maximum viscosity, breakdown, and final viscosity in Ilpumbyeo. A similar chain length distribution of amylopectin was found in Ilpumbyeo and Hwasunchalbyeo, indicating that DP 12 had the highest distribution. Goami 2 had the highest distribution in DP 14, and showed the lower percent (14.1%) than other rice cultivars. Thermal properties of DSC showed that the values of Tc and Tp of Hwasunchalbyeo were similar to Ilpumbyeo, whereas a slightly higher Tc was observed. The absorbtion enthalpy was also the highest (11.1 mJ/mg) in Hwasunchalbyeo. Goami 2 showed higher To, but the lowest enthalpy (6.52 mJ/mg) compared to Ilpumbyeo (7.92 mJ/mg). Retrogradation properties, which were measured with the gelatinized rice sample used for DSC, and stored in $4^{\circ}C$ during 6 days, indicated that retrogradation absorbtion peak was the first peak at $52.6{\sim}55.2^{\circ}C$, and the second peak above $95^{\circ}C$. Retrogradation enthalpy of Goami 2 was the highest value (5.12 mJ/mg).