• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.27-41
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• 2000

Objects：This study was designed for studying of current Korean adolescents computer game playing habits and exploring associations with parental rearing patterns and individual psychopathology. Methods：One hundred twenty four adolescents(age 13-15) who reside in urban area completed self-report questionnaires containing Questionnaires designed by authors, Symptom Checklist-90-Revision of Korean Version(SCL-90-R) and Parental Bonding Instrument(PBI). Results：1) Computer game playing appears to be one of the social and leisure phenomena in these days. Although Adolescents spend a lot of times on computer game, Many of them perceive not problematic. 2) Compared with females, Male play computer games more regularly, more longer, spent more times in gamebang. 3) There was positive relationship between anxiety subscale in SCL-90-R and detrimental effects of computer game. 4) There was positive relationship between game frequency and maternal overprotection. 5) The main reasons for playing are 'for an avoidance of stressful life events', academic burden was the most troublesome issues in korean adolescents. 6) Many adolescents use gamebang as a social place, but they thought that gamebang is not good places to have a good time. Conclusion：This papers shows that computer game playing is a popular social leisure activity in Korean adolescents. And, Most of korean adolescents reported that they are suffered from pressure of academic achievements. They use computer game mainly by means of relieving academic pressures. In a heavy game users who have many conflicts with parents, teacher and who has frequent truancy and social withdrawal show significant anxiety. Maternal overprotection was observed in heavy game users. Authors recommended that clinicians should be careful in examining heavy computer game behaviors. Both underlying affective states and environmental influences, including family situations should be vicariously examined.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.23-34
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• 2017

This study focused on a planned site located in Gosangol Village in Daegu Metropolitan City that aims to build an urban agricultural park combining urban agriculture and urban park for the sustainable realization of urban agriculture. Accordingly, this study has significance in two perspectives: firstly, suggesting development strategies to be considered when building an urban agricultural park as a theme park, and secondly, presenting guidelines for spatial programs and facilities to be introduced for actual applications. The results are as follows. Firstly, building an urban agricultural park fills a role as a local community space prompted by the demand-oriented evolution of urban parks, and agricultural behaviors to be incorporated in the theme. In this context, 'building an urban agricultural space focusing on sustainability', 'constructing green space systems focusing on agricultural landscape', and 'structuring leisure spaces for communications in the community' are presented as development strategies. Secondly, key functions that an urban agricultural park should have include production and trade of agricultural products on the production side, soil preservation, resource cycling and green space provision on the environmental side, leisure and experience, community vitalization, education, and social security on the social and cultural side, and entertainment functions, ecological functions, and protective functions as urban park functionality. Thirdly, key facilities needed when building an urban agricultural park include urban agricultural facilities other than park management facilities, landscape facilities, recreational facilities, sports facilities, educational facilities, and convenient facilities, and family gardens as the key facility of the urban agricultural park should be scaled in consideration of various purposes and behaviors of their use. This study has a limitation that the subject site was limited to a specific area but has significance in that it presented a planning model for the spatial structuring of park-type urban agriculture.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2005

The present study is designed to provide basic data for the future health promotion projects to be aimed at improving quality of life for the elderly people in the increasingly aging society of Korea by investigating factors related to the yangseng of old people in rural areas. The results of this study are intended to serve as fundamental for efficient approach toward health promotion projects for the elderly in rural communities. For this purpose, a survey by questionnaires was conducted to rural inhabitants from May to June 2004. The replies were analyzed from the perspective of Oriental medicine for yangseng. 1. The average points of health care appeared to be 3.24. In details by sub-areas, morality was 3.79, followed by 3.74 for activities and rest, 3.73 for sleeping, 3.29 for diet, 3.25 for mind, 2.88 for season, 2.12 for exercise and 1.95 for sexual life in sequence, showing that the yangseng of morality was scored highest while the area of sexual life were rated lowest. 2. As for the extent of health care depending on the characters of the subjects, spoused ones, married couples living alone, while the higher educated and the more leisure is utilized, the more the care is paid for yangseng. 3. Concerning the extent of yangseng depending on the general characters of the subjects, men showed more yangseng in activities and rest. The group aged 70 to 74 acquired the highest points in mind yangseng. The group with spouse featured higher concern for yangseng in the categories of morality, diet, activities and rest, sleeping and sexual life. Married couples who are living with no other family members recorded the highest points in the areas of morality, diet, sleeping and sexual life(P<0.05). 4. In terms of socioeconomic characters, the more one is educated, the more he/she is tended to take yangseng in the exercise, sleeping and sexual life. The group with occupation is inclined to take more yangseng in the activities and rest and sleeping. When people have to work for their keep, they usually showed to have highest yangseng for sleeping. People who enjoy leisure showed higher yangseng in all areas except for morality. In case man has religion, he showed more yangseng in the activities and rest, exercise and sleeping(P<0.05). 5. Those who reply they are confident with health showed higher yangseng. No significant difference was found in all areas except for sexual life in which high care is taken for yangseng, as far as one has no disease. Those who are confident with health had highest yangseng in all areas except for season yangseng(P<0.05). As seen above, extents of yangseng by the old people in the rural area are found to have difference depending on the individual and socioeconomic characters, factors which should be seriously considered in the local health promotion projects and projects for the health of the elderly. Particularly important is to launch health promotion programs and to analyze their effects to promote health care particularly in the areas of sexual life, exercise and season yangseng that turned out to be lowest by taking into account of yangseng in each sub-area.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.58
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• pp.5-47
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• 2021

This paper is a story about five middle-aged men in their 50s who suddenly began their photographic activities as they reached middle age. In the perspective of Borudieu's cultural capital theory, this study observes five men in their 50s by implementing in-depth interviews about the motivation behind taking photographs, the experience of photography activities, and the rewards of these activities. The theory has undergone a theoretical revision with the criticism that factors other than the class can be influential. Based on these ideas, I have proceeded my study by preferentially grasping the notion of the 'field' in accordance with the specific history of Korean society. Therefore, this study sought to more specifically understand the various photographic activities of middle-class men in their 50s by referring Coskuner-Balli and Thompson's argument(2013), which revised 2018's cultural captial theory and proposed the concept of 'subordinate cultural capital' and 'leisure capital' who proposed by Backlund, E. A. & Kuentzel, W. F.(2013). As a middle-class men in their 50s, research participants have grown up and worked in a social atmosphere where economic capital is recognized as an individual's ability. However, they are faced with the value that the knowledge and taste towards culture and arts is one's identity. In addition to the subjective deprivation that arises from this situation, the lifespan characteristic of their age that it is on the brink of the old age appeared to have influenced them to put their psychological motivation immediately into practice. Economic capital was the main conversion terms to move form interest to practice, which includes 'time' as a resource as well as money. With the cultural practices being expanded since their creation of photographs, the reason that these expansions can be maintained more actively lies in their identity as 'cultural artist' that is consolidated in new relationships in the sharing of photographic activities. In this way, photographic activities grant a symbolic status of 'a middle-aged man who actively builds and expresses his identity' through the conversion of accumulating cultural capital and the conversion into social capital. Furthermore, the recognized scope of the symbolic capital acquired by the research participants is in the domain of the private life that is family and acquaintance. Especially, they were gaining a great psychological reward from their children's recognition that they are not just a 'breadwinner' but 'dad who cultivates himself with a culture and arts'. Accordingly, by considering that 'generation' other than class can be a meaningful discussion point when understanding Korea society from the perspective of cultural theory, this study is meaningful that a more flexible understanding of cultural theory can give a glimpse into the possibility of a more specific and diverse approach that will arise in the discussion of culture and arts education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.596-608
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• 2017

This study was carried out in order to develop and validate the Korean Version of Strengths Scale for individuals with mental illness. The first step taken to develop the scale was to construct sample items for the Strengths Scale using literature research and three focus group interviews of individuals with mental illness. Secondly, two professors of the Social welfare Department of a University and two mental social workers reviewed these sample items to select and compile a final version of the scale. Lastly, the scale's reliability and validity was verified through an empirical study of 478 individuals with mental illness who conduct the survey items. The explanatory factor was that the sample items can be grouped into seven factors. Factor 1 was 'Vocation', Factor 2 was 'Family and Social Support', Factor 3 was 'Optimism', Factor 4 was 'Resources Utilization', Factor 5 was 'Coping Behavior', Factor 6 was 'Leisure', Factor 7 was 'Health'. The Confirmatory analysis showed that the model demonstrated a goodness- of-fit. Finally, the Korean Version of Strengths Scale for individuals with mental illness was developed consisting 40 items and was proposed a mental health social work implications.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.1 s.69
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• pp.167-176
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• 2007

As much time is being spent with the family at weekends by the development of leisure culture, many people have begun to enjoy camping in the field. While many people use pensions or camping cars, many families or groups of friends go on camping in the summer holiday season. Although the tent design in this country has gradually been developed, it is not as developed as overseas designs with unique design characteristics according to climate, cultural behavior and colors. In this research, the American and Korea tent designs are compared in terms of color and frame. The differences are analyzed and a direction for tent designs appropriate for Korea in terms of size, area, ease of carriage and installation is proposed through theoretical data and idea sketches. The frame weight has been minimized and the durability increased for the ease of carriage and installation. The style and number of windows have been increased in order to provide a comfortable space by understanding the influx of airflow and the size of the tent has also been increased to provide extra space for storage. The information on the overseas and domestic tent design trends led to a color comparison and the extraction of images of language. The tent based on the new design is currently being mass-produced in China following 3 months of preparation including sample making and testing.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.217-225
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• 2010

Today's public libraries in communities are on the processes of changes to integrate information and communication technology into traditional library system in order to support current users' demands for the new digital era. The purpose of this study is to examine the changing characters on space design and space uses of community based public libraries by conducting case studies of three branch libraries which were built after 2004 in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the United States. As the conclusion of this research, the findings of the case studies are utilized as basic data for planning and design guidelines for public libraries as community resources. The study summarizes the characteristics of space design and space uses in public libraries as follow; first, the floor plans of small-scale public libraries are open visually as well as spatially. The space organization of the libraries is arranged by potential noise levels, as placing noisy spaces near the entrance halls and quiet spaces at the back. Main book shelves are located in the middle of the library buildings, while seats are arranged along the window sides. By placing various kinds of furniture in open reading areas, library users can select different types of seats and tables for their comforts. Second. the survey of observation also finds that a large number of users often use library computers and personal computers to connect the internet at the libraries. These personal computer users who are new user group in community based libraries preferred to sit in casual study areas and individual tables with one or two seats only. Third, the libraries, in addition, develop and provide various programs and events for people in communities. Especially, the programs for children, the elderly and new comers from the abroad are well prepared, thus provide opportunities for them to visit the libraries in regular bases. The survey finds that family entertainment and leisure activities are the important parts of the program as well as renting music CD and movie DVD are also important reasons for people to come. Thus, the libraries prepare high quality children's space and CD shelves near the entrance hall.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.569-577
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• 2018

This study was conducted to determine the effects of middle-aged women's social support and self-efficacy on their aging anxiety, with the ultimate goal of providing basic information for devising educational and interventive programs to help reduce aging anxiety. Participants of this study were 210 middle-aged women living in B Metropolitan City. Data were collected from May 10 to 28, 2018, and statistically processed using t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Participants showed significant differences in aging anxiety depending on age, education, monthly income, marital life satisfaction, leisure time activities, and number of friends. In addition, aging anxiety had significant negative correlations with social support and self-efficacy, and the main factors affecting middle-aged women's aging anxiety were found to be self-efficacy, marital satisfaction and social support. Of these, self-efficacy had the greatest effect, explaining 42.7% of the participants' aging anxiety. To help middle-aged women reduce their aging anxiety, it is necessary to provide them with programs that improve social activity participation, raise self-efficacy and promote relationships with family and communities. It is also recommended that these women be provided with educational and interventive programs that help them adjust to aging and develop a positive awareness of it.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.119-125
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• 2010

We investigated the effects of a hot-water extract of Artemisia iwayomogi, a plant belonging to family Compositae, on cardiac ventricular delayed rectifier $K^+$ current ($I_K$) using the patch clamp technique. The carbohydrate fraction AIP1 dose-dependently increased the heart rate with an apparent $EC_{50}$ value of $56.1{\pm}5.5\;{\mu}g/ml$. Application of AIP1 reduced the action potential duration (APD) in concentration-dependent fashion by activating $I_K$ without significantly altering the resting membrane potential ($IC_{50}$ value of $APD_{50}$: $54.80{\pm}2.24$, $IC_{50}$ value of $APD_{90}$: $57.45{\pm}3.47\;{\mu}g/ml$). Based on the results, all experiments were performed with $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ of AIP1. Pre-treatment with the rapidly activating delayed rectifier $K^+$ current ($I_{Kr}$) inhibitor, E-4031 prolonged APD. However, additional application of AIP1 did not reduce APD. The inhibition of slowly activating delayed rectifier $K^+$ current ($I_{Ks}$) by chromanol 293B did not change the effect of AIP1. AIP1 did not significantly affect coronary arterial tone or ion channels, even at the highest concentration of AIP1. In summary, AIP1 reduces APD by activating $I_{Kr}$ but not $I_{Ks}$. These results suggest that the natural product AIP1 may provide an adjunctive therapy of long QT syndrome.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.754-780
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate whether WGB (Work-Growth Balance), an area of WLB (Work-Life Balance) improves Interpersonal Harmony, Creative Effort and Innovative Behavior in the organization, and whether Interpersonal Harmony and Creative Efforts have indirect effects on the relationship between WGB and Innovative Behavior. To test the hypothesis of this study, PROCESS Macro by Hayes (2013) was used. The results showed that WGB, Interpersonal Harmony, and Creative Effort influenced Innovative Behavior and WGB were variables that influenced Interpersonal Harmony. The variables influencing Creative Effort turned out to be WGB and Interpersonal Harmony. The indirect effect of Interpersonal Harmony and Creative Efforts was also confirmed in the relationship between WGB and Innovative Behavior. In addition, the magnitude of the effect between parameters was examined through Process Macro analysis. It turned out that there is a synergy relationship between WGB, Interpersonal Harmony, Creative Efforts and Innovative Behaviors. In future, more researches on WGB among various industries as well as mediating variables are expected. Further research is needed to study the various parameters of WGB and innovation behavior, and to Balance of Work-Family and Balance of Work-Leisure.