• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2018

The fatality of rollover accidents in motor vehicle crashes is high despite their low incidence. Through the investigation of a 12-passenger van rollover accident in which 10 passengers were involved, we intend to analyze the correlation between the severity of the injury and the position of the occupants. We collected accident information from medical records, interviews, photo-images of the damaged van, field surveys, and the results of the Korean New Car Assessment Program (KNCAP). Based on the occupants' position, we classified injury sites and estimated injury severity. Passenger injury severity was evaluated by trauma score calculation. The initiation type of the rollover accident was passenger side 'fall-over' and the Collision Deformation Classification (CDC) code for the damaged van was 00TDZO3. The crash of the van involved 10 passengers, with an average age of $16.3{\pm}4.2years$. Few of the occupants had fastened seat belts at the time of the incident, and there was no airbag installed. One patient sustained severe liver injury and another was diagnosed with a fracture of the right humerus. The most common injuries were at the upper extremities and the neck. The average of Injury Severity Score (ISS) was $4.8{\pm}5.9$, and the average ISS of right-seated, mid-seated and left-seated occupants was $7.5{\pm}9.3$, $1.5{\pm}0.7$, and $3.3{\pm}2.1$ respectively (p>0.05). In the rollover (to-passenger side) accident of occupant unfastened, the average ISS of right-seated occupants (near side) was higher, but there was no statistically significant difference.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.131-141
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to propose for protection of childhood injury or accident and to provide safety measures. Data was collected from 2,052 who visited emergency room of E University Hospital during 1 year period from January to December, 1996. The results were as follows : 1. The most common type of accident was fall down (53.4%). 2. Male patients outnumbered female by the ratio of 1.68 : 1. 3. The highest incidence rate of accidents were observed in children between 1-3 years age group(34.9%). 4. Accidents were seasonally more frequent in spring(28.2%). 5. Accidents mainly took place at home (63%). 6. The time of accidental occurrence appeared to be predominantly high during a day 8 : 00 PM to 0 : 00 AM (35.l%). 7. The most frequent involved part of body was head and face (74%). 8. Most patients discharged from the hospital in good condition(85.4%). Through clinical analysis, in the relation to accident, there were statistically significant difference in sex, age, season, injury place(all p=0.000).

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.377-385
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• 2013

Fall is very fatal accident causes death to older people. Shoe may affect to fall. Shoe influences risk of slips, trips, and falls by altering somatosensory feedback to the foot. The purpose of this study was to investigate the analysis of non-slip shoes for older people and influence on older people's lower extremity. For this study twenty three healthy older people were recruited. Each subjects walked over slippery surfaces (COF 0.08). Four pairs of non-slip shoes (shoe A had the greatest COF, 0.23 while shoe B, C, and D had smaller COF relatively) for older people were selected and tested mechanical and biomechanical experiment. For data collection motion capture and ground reaction forces were synchronized. There were statistically significant differences for slip-displacement, coefficient of friction, braking force, propulsion force, knee range of motion and knee joint stiffness by shoes. It was concluded that shoe A was the best for non-slip function because of the lowest slip displacement, the highest braking and propulsion forces, and the highest mechanical and biomechanical coefficient of friction where as shoe B, C, D were identified as a negative effect on the knee joint than shoe A. To prevent fall and slip, older people have to take a appropriate non-slip shoes such as shoe A.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.143-155
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• 2016

Recently, a massive loss of life and property is occurring in Korea due to traffic accidents, with the rapid increase in cars. For improvement of traffic safety, the Korea Transportation Safety Authority intensively analyzes accident data in local governments with low traffic safety index, performs a field investigation to extract problems and offers local governments improvements for problems, by conducting the 'Special Survey of Actual Conditions of Traffic Safety' each year, starting 2008. But local governments cannot strongly push forward the improvement projects due to the limited budget and the uncertainty of the improvement plan effects. Therefore, this study suggested a model which applied the Utility concept to the AHP theory, in order to efficiently decide a priority of the improvement plans in accident black spots in consideration of the limited budget of local governments. The number of accidents in each spot for improvement and accident severity, traffic volume, pedestrian volume, the improvement project cost and the accident reduction effect were chosen as evaluation factors for deciding a priority, and data about the improvement plan costs and the accident reduction effects, traffic accidents and traffic volume in the spots to undergo the special research on the real condition of traffic accident in the past were collected from the existing studies. Then, regression analysis was carried out and the Utility Curve of each evaluation factor was computed. Based on the AHP analysis findings, this study devised a priority decision method which calculated the weight and the utility function of each evaluation factor and compared the total utility values. The AHP analysis findings showed that among the evaluation factors, accident severity had the biggest importance and it was followed by the improvement plan cost, the number of accidents, the improvement effect, traffic volume and pedestrian volume. The calculated utility function shows a rise in utility, as the variables of the 5 evaluation factors; the number of accidents, accident severity, the improvement plan effect, traffic volume and pedestrian volume increase and a fall in utility, as the variables of the improvement plan cost increase, since the improvement plan cost is included in the budget spent by a local government.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

Korea's elevator industry is one of the world's eighth-largest industrial sectors and the third largest in the world by new installations. This year, the number of elevators has exceeded 700,000, and the number of new installations is 30,000-40,000 every year. However, the news of elevator-related accidents is reported continuously through the media and the accident rate is not decreasing. In particular, among the recent accidents related to elevators, accidents related to elevator workers are increasing, causing social problems. This year, the National Assembly's Environmental Labor Relations Commission's National Auditors lost five lives a year and 12 elevator workers were killed in fall and stenosis accidents during the installation, maintenance and replacement of the elevators for about two years since 2018. It took place to adopt the representatives of four domestic elevator companies as witnesses. An elevator worker is a collective term for workers involved in the design, manufacturing, installation, replacement, maintenance, inspection, management, and supervision related to the elevator industry, and the related accidents are called elevator worker accidents. Analysis of elevator-related accidents in the past has shown that the fault of the user accounted for 70% of the total, and the fault of the worker accounted for about 2.5%, and the accident occurred to the user or the user due to carelessness of the worker during the lift-related work. Currently, elevator-related accidents are reported by the Korea Elevator Safety Agency under Article 48 of the Elevator Safety Management Act under the Ministry of Interior and Safety. If deemed necessary for the prevention and prevention of recurrence of an elevator accident, the cause and condition of the elevator accident may be investigated. However, the current draft law is limited only to elevators after installation inspection, and is separated from the Ministry of Employment and Labor's data on accidents occurring in the manufacturing and installation stages related to the elevator industry. This study analyzes the recent safety accidents of elevator workers and prepares safety measures to prevent them through the risk analysis, and also draws out the problems and improvements of the current elevator worker accident investigation to find the elevator worker accident rate that is on the increase trend.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1996년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집; 공군사관학교, 청주; 26-27 Apr. 1996
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• pp.662-666
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• 1996

The variations of the surface topographical parameters for the analysis of the pedestrian slip and fall accidents during the sliding friction between the specially prepared floor specimens and three working shoes were investigated. The profile ordinate data for each flooring specimen were obtained at 1.1 .mu.m intervals using a laser scanning confocal microscope system along to the direction of sliding. A number of surface roughness parameters, that is, the centre line average (c.l.a.) and root mean square (r.m.s.) roughness, maximum height (Rtm), maximum mean peak height (Rpm), maximum mean depth (Rvm), and average asperity slope were calculated using a computer program and compared with the dynamic friction results. The analysis showed that the surface parameters undergo marked variations during the sliding process, but the variations were statistically significant. It was found that amongst various surface parameters, the maximum depth (Rvm) and the average asperity slope of the asperities were the biggest variation during the sliding proceeding. This result confirms the previous study and may suggests a new approach to monitoring the flooring environments with their service as the effort to reduce the pedestrain slip accident.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.372-383
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• 2019

본 연구는 정신병원 간호사를 대상으로 낙상에 대한 지식, 태도 및 환자안전문화인식이 낙상예방활동에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위한 목적으로 시도되었다. 연구방법은 부산광역시와 경상남도 지역의 7개 기관의 정신병원에 근무하는 간호사 153명을 대상으로 한 서술적 조사연구로, 2018년 3월 5일부터 2018년 3월 30일까지 자료를 수집하였다. 연구통계방법은 IBM SPSS/win 24.0 프로그램을 t-test, ANOVA 그리고 다중회귀분석을 이용하였다. 그 결과, 연구 대상자의 면허나 자격에 따라 낙상태도에 차이가 있었고, 교육수준이 높을수록 환자안전문화인식정도가 높았으며, 근무경력이 많을수록 낙상예방활동이 높았다. 그리고 환자안전문화인식이 높을수록 낙상간호에 대한 태도가 높았으며, 낙상예방활동이 높을수록 낙상태도와 낙상안전문화인식이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연구대상자의 낙상에 대한 지식, 태도, 환자안전문화인식이 낙상예방활동에 미치는 영향을 다중회귀분석 한 결과, 낙상예방활동에 대한 설명력은 12.5%로 나타났다. 그러므로 정신병원 간호사의 낙상예방활동을 증진시키기 위해서는 계속적인 교육을 통해 지식을 확장하며 낙상태도를 변화시킬 수 있는 교육프로그램 개발 및 제공이 요구된다. 또한 병원조직 차원에서 안전에 대한 전반적인 인적, 제도적 환경의 변화 등 다방면의 지원이 요구된다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.291-299
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• 1991

We retrospectively reviewed 334 inpatients who sustained a total of 518 mandibular fractures and who ewer treated in our department between l980-1990. This results were obtained as follows : 1. In respect of incidence, there were the highest frequency in July, and the lowest frequency in May. The number of patients has not been increased year after year due to competition with other department in our hospital. 2. The age frequency was the highest in the 2nd decade(38.9%) and the ratio of man to women was 4.9 : 1. 3. The most frequent cause of mandibular fracture was traffic accident(43.4%), and the next was fall down(24.3%), fist blow(71%), industrial accident(21%) and others in order. In the traffic accident, autobicycle accident was 14.1%. 4. The most common location of mandibular fracture was symphysis(38.8%), condyle(20.7% ), angle(19.9%) and body(15.1%) were next in order of frequency. The classification by location of fracture, the frequency of single fracture was 54.8%. 5. In 334 patients of mandibular fracture, the frequency of associated injuries was facial laceration(58.4%), teeth injuries(37.7%), extremity injuries(13.2%) were next in order of frequency. 6. The patients arrived in hospital immediately within 24 hours after accident wee 61.4% of all. In respect of treatment, open reduction was 68.7% of all. 7. Complications including infection were present 11.1% of patient. Other complications inclued delayed healing malocclusion, malocclusion and neurologic problem.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2019

본 연구는 기계학습 기법 중 토픽 모델링을 활용하여 건설현장에서 발생하는 추락재해에 대한 토픽을 분류하고 각 토픽에 따른 재해요인을 분석하였다. 잠재 디리클레 할당 기반의 토픽 모델링을 적용하기 위해 텍스트 데이터의 전처리를 하였고 Perplexity 점수로 평가하여 모형의 신뢰성을 높였다. 각 토픽에서 공통으로 도출된 추락재해의 대부분은 소규모 사업장에 속한 일용직 작업자들에게 발생하였다. 추락재해의 대부분의 원인은 안전장비 미착용, 현장 정리 정돈 미흡, 안전장비의 성능 및 착용 상태로 인해 제대로 작동하지 않은 것으로 판단되었다. 추락재해를 예방하고 절감하기 위해서는 소규모 사업장에 맞는 안전교육과 작업장의 정리 정돈과 개인 안전장비의 적절한 착용 상태 및 성능을 확인하는 것이 중요한 것으로 도출되었다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2007

As buildings become higher, larger, and more complex, safety issues for construction workers working at such environments become more important. We analyzed 83 critical accident cases reported to the KOSHA(Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency) for construction cranes by types of cranes and by patterns of accidents and causes. There are more number of accidents related to mobile cranes than that related to tower cranes, but the numbers of dead were similar in both cases. The most dominant cause of crane accidents was "fall of materials". We also analyzed the cases of crane accidents using the FMEA(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) in order to set up a priority for safety management and also to prioritize research and development items relating tower cranes. In the process, we tried to eliminate subjective indexes such as an expert group survey and use objective and quantitative indexes. As a result, it was found that critical crane accidents occurs most during the "lifting and translating" activity.