• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.49-60
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• 2012

The purpose of this study aim to analyze factors that influence the job satisfaction of physical therapist in working in Elderly Care Facilities. The participants were 173 physical therapist was using a self-administered questionnaire. Data was collected from June 12 to 15, 2012 and analyzed by SPSS 12.0. The average physical therapist's job satisfaction was $3.27{\pm}.49$ points. There was significant difference according to work motivation in job satisfaction. 83.4% of participants felt pain. The major causes of the pain were 'repeating the same job constantly(25.5%).' There were statistically significant correlations between pain on movement patterns(r=-.163, p<0.01), duration of pain(r=-.174, p<0.01) and job satisfaction. Multiple regression analysis revealed that job satisfaction became significantly high with work motivation is more definitely. It is necessary to develop job satisfaction management program and musculoskeletal pain policy for physical therapist.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Background: Firefighting involves exposure of firefighters to risks related to this activity, serious injuries, and occupational diseases are recorded. There are other consequences such as thermal and emotional stress. This systematic review is proposed in order to analyze the risks and consequences faced by these workers and thus provide elements to improve safety management systems in institutions. Method: A descriptive observational study of systematic literature review on the risks and consequences of exposure to firefighters' activity was proposed, and the information was analyzed and described based on the available data and according to the variables determined. Results: The studies showed data on mechanical, physical, chemical, psychosocial risks, workers' perception and resilience, and epidemiological data. Information related to firefighters' activity on falls and slips, exposure to noise, and high concentrations of carbon monoxide is detailed. In addition, the relationship between burnout, cognitive, and physical fatigue as adverse effects on health and performance is mentioned. Conclusions: Among the preventive measures, the use of personal protective equipment is suggested, incorporation in prevention programs of information on exposure to risk factors, as well as the implementation of models that can predict the perception of workers, additionally, the generation of management systems with safety climate models for fire departments.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.250-265
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• 2018

Thailand is one of the ASEAN countries and is said to be the most visited country in Southeast Asia. Despite its development, Thailand falls as one of the countries with the lowest rates of English proficiency. This article is written to describe one of the possible factors of Thailand's low English proficiency, which is the foreign language anxiety of students. This article outlines references regarding the English language anxiety of Thai students and uses them as a basis in distinguishing English language anxiety among nursing students in Boromarajonani College of Nursing Nakhon Lampang, Thailand (BCNLP). A survey was conducted using a questionnaire based on the FLCA Scale by Horwitz, Horwitz, and Cope, (1986) with a focus group consisting of 80 participants randomly selected from $1^{st}$ year to $4^{th}$ year nursing students of BCNLP. As found in the survey there were two sources of English language anxiety among nursing students: 1. Fear of negative evaluation due to unpreparedness, and feeling and thinking that others are better in language learning as the main factors; and 2. Communicating apprehension, where in speaking without preparation, speaking in the foreign language in front of other students, and self-doubt about one's ability to speak in the foreign language are the highest ranked causes of anxiety. The results indicate two main problems: unpreparedness and self-concept. Therefore, it is recommended that English Language classes should be taught with the learner-centered approach and that instructors should put importance in preparing the students during class, and encouraging them to increase a positive self-concept towards English language learning.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.165-177
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• 2022

This study aims to develop a field trip program for the Hantan River geopark in Pocheon using Orion's field trip model. The selected learning sites were the Hwajeogyeon and Bidulginang Falls, famous geosites of the Hantan River geopark in Pocheon. The field trip program consisted of six preparatory units, two field trip units, and two summary units. The preparatory stage helped reduce the novelty space considering cognitive, psychological, and geographical factors. In the field trip stage, students acquire concepts linked to learning elements in the curriculum scientifically and encourage interest in science. In the summary stage, students organized the geological phenomena observed in the field and inferred the vicinity of the Pocheon Hantan River region. The field trip program was modified to give enough time for observation activities to increase students' interest in science and to connect concepts with learning elements in the curriculum in the outdoor learning phase to allow students' convergent thinking. Implementing the field trip program raises students' interest and attitude in science.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.373-388
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• 2013

This paper is to investigate how two elementary school teacher's belief mathematics as educational content, and teaching and learning mathematics as a part of educational methodology, and what the two teachers believe towards gifted children and their education, and what the classes demonstrate and its effects on the sociomathematical norms. To investigate this matter, the study has been conducted with two teachers who have long years of experience in teaching gifted children, but fall into different belief categories. The results of the study show that teacher A falls into the following category: the essentiality of mathematics as 'traditional', teaching mathematics as 'blended', and learning mathematics as 'traditional'. In addition, teacher A views mathematically gifted children as autonomous researchers with low achievement and believes that the teacher is a learning assistant. On the other hand, teacher B falls into the following category: the essentiality of mathematics as 'non-traditional', teaching mathematics as 'non-traditional, and learning mathematics as 'non-traditional.' Also, teacher B views mathematically gifted children as autonomous researchers with high achievement and believes that the teacher is a learning guide. In the teacher A's class for gifted elementary school students, problem solving rule and the answers were considered as important factors and sociomathematical norms that valued difficult arithmetic operation were demonstrated However, in the teacher B's class for gifted elementary school students, sociomathematical norms that valued the process of problem solving, mathematical explanations and justification more than the answers were demonstrated. Based on the results, the implications regarding the education of mathematically gifted students were investigated.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.485-491
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to compare of the fall risk factors for elderly in the city. 62 people aged 65 years or older were classified as fallers and nonfallers based on experience of their falls in the previous year. By comparing the difference between the groups via evaluations of general characteristics, health related behavior and chronic disease, balance-related psychological (K-ABC) and physical measurement (BBS), depression (SGDS), and the correlations between the significant differences in variables were identified. According to the results, K-ABC, BBS, and SGDS are statistically significant differences between fallers and nonfallers (P<0.05). Also it has positive correlations between BBS and K-ABC (r=0.499) whereas negative correlation between K-ABC and SGDS(r=-0.472).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1209-1217
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• 1992

Triiodothyronine[T3] is an important regulator of the tissue metabolism, and may have potential use as an inotropic agent. The change of serum T3 level was studied in the pediatric age patients after cardiopulmonary by pass. Thyroid function was tested pre-operatively in 33 patients and total triiodothyronine[TT3] levels were serially measured during and after cardiopulmonary bypass[CPB]. After correction of dilutional effect, effects of various factors on the TT3 levels were analyzed. Abrupt fall of TT3 level was demonstrated at 15 minutes after CPB[80.1$\pm$5.9ng/dL] from the initial level of 133.6$\pm$5.3ng/dL, with some recovery at 6 hours[115.4$\pm$6.7ng/dL]. After then, gradual decrease occured reaching to the level of 77.2$\pm$4.2ng /dL at 24 hours. These falls of the TT3 after CPB were statistically significant. [p<0.01 ANOVA] Statistically significant correlation were found between the degree of hemodilution and TT3 concentration at 15 and 30 minutes after CPB[p<0.05]. But, other factors were analyzed to have no effect on TT3 levels. As the degree of the hemodilution increases, TT3 decreased less. This observation probably supports the fact that decrease of TT3 during CPB may be a result of sequestration of T3 into peripheral tissue. Although it was not statistically significant[p=0.08], the fall of TT3 was greater in the group to which plasmanate was added, than those not added. This finding seemed to be due to the increase of albumin and other thyroid-hormone-binding-proteins in the serum. Increase of these binding proteins might potentiate the sequestration of T3 into the liver and the kidney from serum, and as a consequence, decrese the serum TT3 level further.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2011

Purpose: Missing cervical pathology after injury may lead to disability and influence long-term survival. Controversies continue to evolve concerning the initial screening methods used to predict cervical spine injury. Through a retrospective chart review, we attempted to analyze and propose factors predictive of cervical trauma. Methods: Of all the patients who had visited the Emergency Department of Korea University, from January 2009 to December 2009, a retrospective review of the clinical records of the 217 patients who had undergone cervical spine computed tomography was done. We investigated whether we could predict the need for cervical spine computed tomography shortly after presentation in trauma patients by comparing the group with fractures and group without fractures and by finding risk factors showing significant differences between the two groups that might be used as guides in decision making. Results: Of the 217 subjects who underwent cervical spine computed tomography scans, 33 were identified with fractures of the cervical spine while 184 were not. The most common mechanisms of trauma, in order, for those with fractures were falls, followed by traffic accidents. We found that the injury severity score, multiple injuries, a high-energy injury mechanism, neurologic deficit, and pain and tenderness of the cervical spine showed statistically significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Fractures of the cervical spine that are not observed with simple radiography occur with a relatively high frequency in trauma patients. Consideration should be given to the risk factors for cervical spine fracture, and if pertinent, cervical spine computed tomography should be performed with speed for early diagnosis of cervical spine fractures.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.394-405
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept of the frail elderly and to obtain theoretical evidence. The research method was conducted using the basic principles for conceptual analysis of Walker and Avant(2005). As a Result of a review of the literature about how to utilize the concept of a frail elderly, frail elderly might be in the intermediate state of health and disease. They can be defined as physically vulnerable in the sarcopenia, inflammation, insulin resistance, and preceding advanced disease, lead to hospitalization, falls, disability, and death. The attributes were physiological, psychological, and socio-environmental and economic factors, so they had multidimensional factors. They were required the assist daily living of another person. Also, their attributes had decreased the amount of recovery time and degree, and exhaustion. The attributes of frail elderly consisted of these facts: dynamic process, multidimensional factors, dependency, vulnerability. The frail elderly was a dynamic process that involves the possibility of change to health and disease, and include physical, mental, cognitive, and social environmental factors. In addition, the frail elderly was difficulty in daily life, physical vulnerability and difficulty in adaption. In conclusion, frail elderly as defined by the results of this study will contribute to the foundation of health care systems, including community visiting nursing to understand the level of frail elderly and systemic management to do not go into long term care.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate environmental factors contributing to childhood home slip-down injuries. Methods: Among a total of 2,812 injured children in our Customer Injury Surveillance System (CISS), we performed a prospective study on 262 children with home slip-down injuries who visited the pediatric emergency department of Asan Medical Center between March 2008 and February 2009. We made a frequency analysis on parameters such as activities just before the accident, the presence of any obstacles or lubricant materials, specific home place in the home where the injuries occurred, flooring materials on which the slip-down happened, additional objects hit after slip down, the site and kind of injury, the duration of therapy, and the disposition. Results: Walking was the most common activity just before the injury. Because rooms and bathrooms were most common places in the home for slip down injuries, laminated papers/ vinyl floor coverings and tiles were the most common flooring materials used in the places where the injuries occured. Most commonly, no obstacles caused the children to slip down, but the furniture, stairs, doorsills, wetness, or soapy fluid followed after that. Over half of the children who slipped (58%) also collided with other than the floor itself after the slip-down, most common objects hit were the edges of the furniture, and doorsills, followed by stairways. The head and neck were the most commonly injured sites, and a laceration was the most common kind of injury. Most children needed less than 1 week of therapy, only 4 children (1.53%) admitted. There were no mortalities. Conclusion: The environmental factors contributing to slip-down injuries were the bathroom, laminated papers/vinyl floors, the furniture, stairs, doorsills, and wetness or soapy fluid. Especially, the furniture, stairs, and doorsills can be both primary obstacles and secondary collision objects. For the safety of our children, we must consider these factors on housing, when decorating or remodeling our house.