• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.175-179
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• 2002

Human growth hormone (hGH) forms antibody by repeated administration. The present study investigated to confirm formation of antibody by repeated subcutaneous administration of hGH for two months in rats and dogs. In this result, hGH-injected sera were significantly higher than control sera by 1:1,000,000 of dilution factor. After antibody formed sera (anti-hGH sera) and control sera were added to 30 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml hGR, the complex incubated for overnight at $30^{\circ}C$. Anti-hGH sera decreased hGH contents about 90% compared to control sera. Also, body weight gain conducted decreased about 67% compared to control sera in hypophysectomised rat. Inconclusion, repeated administration of hGH formed antibody because hGH was foreign protein to rats and dogs. And formed antibody of hGH was blocked and decreased many efficacy of hGH, the antibody was proved to be neutralizing antibody. Thus, because neutralizing antibodies were decreased pharmacological effects of hGH, administration more than two months were no significance.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.292-297
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate antigenic potential of DA-3030, a recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, in guinea pigs and mice. In the active systemic anaphylaxis test, the guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone did not show any anaphylactic reaction. In the homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction, anti-DA-3030 antibody was not detected in guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone. On the other hand, the guinea pigs sensitized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/heed of DA-3030 incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA) or 1 mg/head of ovalbumin incorporated in FCA showed anaphylactic reaction. Anti-DA-3030 antibody was also detected in those guinea pigs. In immunodiffusion test using the sera sensitized with DA-3030 incorporated in FCA, precipitating antibodies were detected only in the sera sensitized with DA-3030 or DA-3030 incorporated in FCA showed. In 24-hour heterologous PCA reaction with sera of C57BL/6 mice immunized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone, none of the sera showed positive reaction. But sera of the animals immunized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 incorporated in aluminum hydroxide gel(Alum) or 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of ovalbumin incorporated in alum showed positive PCA reaction. DA-3030 did not cause anaphylactic shock or passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs and mice when given alone although DA-3030 incorporated in FCA or Alum induced anaphylactic shock and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. From these results, it may be concluded the DA-3030 does not induce systemic allergic reaction when administered alone in its clinical use.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2009

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, principally characterized by synovial inflammation of the joints. We previously reported the effect of acupuncture for RA, but the mechanism is still unclear. Various factors such as oxidative stress and angiogenesis were involved in the pathogenesis of RA, and recently, it has also been reported that cytokines also play a major role in RA. Thus, we investigated whether acupuncture could induce any changes in the levels of cytokines including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiogenin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) as well as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), c-reactive protein (CRP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) in the sera of RA patients. Methods: The forty three patients who met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for RA recruited. The acupuncture group (n=21) underwent 14 sessions of partially individualized acupuncture treatment for 6 weeks, and the control group had no treatment (n=13) over the same periods. We evaluated ESR, CRP and RF. In addition, to find out the mechanism of acupuncture, we assessed the changes of the cytokine activities using protein cytokine array in the sera of the patients. Results: Acupuncture significantly decreased the levels of ESR and CRP, but RF were not changed after 6-week acupuncture treatments. Moreover, acupuncture reduced the levels of VEGF, angiogenin and EGF in the sera of the patients. Interestingly, they were related with angiogenesis, which is an important process in the pathogenesis of RA. The levels of oncostatin, interleukin(IL)-$1{\alpha}$, IL-8, leptin, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, macrophage-derived chemokine, macrophage inflammatory proteins-1, platelet-derived growth factor BB and RANTES were not changed significantly. Conclusions: The effect of acupuncture for reliving RA symptoms can be partially explained by inhibition of angiogenesis factors in the sera of the RA patients.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2004

Background: Anti-cardiolipin antibody (Anti-CL Ab) is one of the various antiphospholipid antibodies (Anti-PL Abs) and found in the plasma of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), atherosclerosis, and other infectious diseases. While anti-PL Abs found in the sera of patients with infectious diseases bind directly to CL, binding of anti-PL Abs to CL circulating in the sera of patients with autoimmune diseases is mediated by $\beta_2-$glycoprotein 1 ($\beta_2-GP1$). The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of <$\beta_2-GP1$ on the antigen binding assay of anti-CL Abs present in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis, which has been known as one of autoimmune diseases. Methods: ELISA was performed with sera containing anti-CL Abs from three patients with atherosclerosis in the presence or absence of $\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS. Results: Reactivity of anti-CL Abs to CL was increased in the presence of $\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: <$\beta_2-GP1$ or FBS could be used as co-factor in CL ELISA with anti-CL Abs present in the sera of patients with atherosclerosis. It is suggested that anti-CL Abs found in atherosclerosis patients are similar in terms of antigen binding property to those circulating in the patients with autoimmune diseases, not to infectious diseases.

• 대한임상약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한임상약리학회 1994년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.31-31
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• 1994

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.501-504
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• 1998

Vibrlo vulnificus가 병원성을 일으키는 한가지 요인으로서 iron의 역할을 본 연구에서 알아보고 V. vulnificus의 성장에 미치는 사람과 토끼 혈청에서의 iron과 $CCl_4$의 영향도 조사하였다. 쥐에 iron을 주사한 결과 50% 치사량이 감소하였고 감염 후 치사 시간도 감소하였으며 $CCl_4$,로 감염된 간에 의해서 혈청 중 iron준위는 증가하였다. 쥐를 치사시키는데 필요한 접종량은 혈청 중 iron준위와 직접적으로 상호 관련성이 있었다. Iron은 이 미생물이 포유류 혈청에서 살아남거나 성장하는 능력에 있어서 제한 요인으로 나타났다. 시험관 내에서와 생체 내에서 이들 결과는 iron이 V. vulnificus의 병원성에 있어서 중요한 역할을 한다는 강한 증거를 제공해주었다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.533-546
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• 2008

The efficacy of bovine immune sera to correct the calves with failure of passive transfer(FPT) was evaluated. Immune sera were produced from 14 one-year-old Holstein cattle which were inoculated commercial combined viral vaccine, administered by the challenge of some main enteric or respiratory viruses, aseptically filtered and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ before used. After the treatment of bovine immune sera, Mean transfer factor($mg/d{\ell}$, of IgG administered/kg of body weight) was $5.46{\pm}2.74,\;11.17{\pm}1.27,\;1.40{\pm}0.21$ in K-IP, H-IP and K-IV group, respectively. The corrective effect of bovine immune sera to FPT calf without any clinical signs showed that intravenous route was more effective than intraperitoneal administration(P<0.01). FPT calves with severe signs were not effective response to the immunotherapy used and consequently died within 10 days after the treatment. Ten percentage of controls appeared the clinical signs including diarrhea. On the contrary, there were not any clinical signs in K-IP and H-IV group. There was significant increase of the neutralizing titer against bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine coronavirus as well as of cell population including CD2, CD4, and monocyte in K-IP and H-IV group after the immunotherapy(P<0.05). Also, K-IP and H-IV group showed the successful correction to FPT within one week after the immunotherapy, but controls had kept the FPT two-four weeks even after the same treatment. Consequently, the results were suggesting that the bovine immune sera could be used the corrective tool to young calves with FPT.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2011

Artificial insemination (AI) of swine is a very useful reproductive tool and that offers convenience in the Korean swine industry. Since many viruses have been reported to be excreted through boar semen, we investigated the presence of antibodies and antigens against viruses causing reproductive failure in semen of boar in 349 semen samples collected from six Korean AI centers. Viral antigens were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription-PCR predominantly. The results was as follows. The major reproductive failure causing factor was porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), followed by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) ($X^2$=166.64, P<0.001). PCV2 and PRRSV, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) was detected in 73 samples (20.9%), 44 samples (12.6%), 4 samples (1.1%), 3 samples (0.9%), respectively and porcine parvovirus in one sample (0.3%) Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), bovine viral diarrhea virus and Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) were not detected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was carried out in 111 serum samples from three AI centers. In most pigs, antibodies response was showed prominently in CSFV (105 sera, 94.6%) ($X^2$=82.580, P<0.001), followed by, in PRRSV (100 sera, 90.1%), PCV2 (92 sera, 90.1%), and PPV (8 sera, 82.9%). ADV antibody was not detected. Thus, the experimental results will be used for the base data, with respect to the state of viral stillbirth in general pig farms, as well as AI centers and breeding farms in Korea.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.14-21
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• 1999

The immunogenicity of the recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rh-bFGF) was investigated by tests for active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), passive hemagglutination (PHA) and guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) in mice or guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were sensitized with rh-bFGF ($100-1000\;\mu\textrm{g}/kg$) or rh-bFGF-CFA mixture ($1000\;\mu\textrm{g}/kg$). All animals sensitized with rh-bFGF alone or mixture with CFA showed symptoms of anaphylactic shock. IgE antibodies to rh-bFGF were detected in sera obtained from rh-bFGF and rh-bFGF-Alum ($1000\;\mu\textrm{g}/kg$) sensitized mice, indicating that rh-bFGF has immunogenicity eliciting potential. IgG and/or IgM antibodies to rh-bFGF were also detected in all the sera obtained from sensitized mice by PHA. In the GPMT for delayed type skin reaction, no skin reaction was observed in sensitized guinea pigs after intradermal injection and dermal application of 0.01% rh- bFGF. However, these positive reactions were consistent with the results of another rh-bFGF, showing that rh- bFGF is a heterogenous protein to rodents. Considering the fact that rh-bFGF is a genuine human protein of which structure is identical to the endogenous human bFGF, it is thought that rh-bFGF is rarely associated with immunological problems in clinical use.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.475-478
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• 1989

돼지로 부터 분리한 Staphylococcus hyicus subsp hyicus 489주의 혈청형을 자가생산한 인자혈청을 이용한 평판응집반응으로 동정하였다. 분리균의 혈청형은 A(16.8%), C(20.4%), D(9.4%), E(7.2%), F 형(29.2%) 및 미분류형(17.0%)으로 동정되었으며, 돼지의 건강상태, 신체부위 및 연령에 관계없이 F형의 분포가 가장 높았다.