• Archives of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.55-64
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the sprinter and skater combined patterns on muscle contraction onset time and muscle activation of body stabilizing muscles. Method : Our study included young and healthy men in their 20s. The participants used the sprinter and skater combined patterns of the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) methods to measure muscle activation and muscle contraction onset time of the trunk muscles. To measure muscle contraction onset time and muscle activation, electrodes were attached to the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and erector spinalis (ES) regions. Significant differences were identified using a paired t-test and a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis. Result : In the sprinter combined pattern, the muscle with the fastest onset time of contraction was the RES, and that with the slowest was the RRA (p<.001). In the skater combined pattern, the muscle with the fastest onset time of contraction was the LES, and that with the slowest was the LRA (p<.001). In the sprinter combined pattern, the REO and LIO presented medium muscle contraction onset times (p<.001). In the skater combined pattern, the LEO and RIO presented medium muscle contraction onset times (p<.001). Conclusions: Based on these results, these patterns could be used as exercise methods for the elderly with delayed proactive response speeds of the body stabilization methods due to imbalances in body stabilizing muscles or limbs movement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.49-60
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the intervention effect obtained by applying an ICF tool to improve the dressing in a patient with rotator cuff syndrome to schematize the problems and approaching with PNF to solve the problems. METHODS: The subject of this study was a 44-year-old patient who underwent surgery after complete right rotator cuff tear. To treat his symptoms, the processes of clinical practice were implemented in the order of examination, assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, intervention, and outcome. During examination, patient information was collected using the ICF core set. In the assessment, the problems were schematized, and an ICF assessment sheet was used to identify the interaction of the problems. The diagnosis was made by clearly describing the causal relationship derived from the assessment in ICF terms. To solve the problems, the intervention was given in the order of indirect, direct, and task based on the philosophy of PNF. To evaluate the outcome, the differences before and after the intervention were compared. Additionally, the comparison for the ICF qualifier is presented with the ICF evaluation display. RESULTS: The results of the study showed clinical advantages in shoulder strength, eccentric control, range of motion, scapular stability, and shoulder pain. Overall, our patient with rotator cuff syndrome showed improvement in dressing and undressing activity in response to the PNF strategy. CONCLUSION: Application of the PNF intervention strategy after complete rotator cuff tear would have a positive effect on patient upper extremity function.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.210-221
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct a hypothetical model based on Meleis and colleagues' Transition Theory and a literature review to explain women's menopausal transition, constructing a modified model considering previous studies and model fit and testing the effects between variables. Methods: With a correlational survey design, middle-aged Korean women aged 40 to 64 years who had experienced menopausal symptoms were recruited and filled out a self-administered study questionnaire. Measures included menopausal symptoms, resilience, social support, menopause management, menopause adaptation, and quality of life. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0. Results: The model fit indices were considered acceptable: 𝛘²/degree of freedom=2.93, standardized root mean residual=.07, comparative fit index=.90, and parsimonious normed fit index=.73. All eight direct-effect paths-from menopausal symptoms to support and adaptation, from support to adaptation and resilience, from resilience to adaptation and management, from management to quality of life, and from adaptation to quality of life-were significant. The explanatory power of the menopause transition model was 63.6%. Conclusion: Women who experience menopausal symptoms may be able to maintain and improve their quality of life if menopause management and menopause adaptation are successful through resilience and social support. Future research is needed to confirm whether strengthening facilitation as a nursing intervention strategy may promote healthy response patterns.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.377-388
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to survey the operation and development direction in KPNFA. Method: The participants of this study consisted of physical therapists who had a KPNFA membership. The satisfaction levels for each item (KPNFA impression, educational programs, and clinical application) were measured using a 5-point Likert scale. The survey was performed during June and July 2018. The total questionnaire was comprised of 648 samples. For the data analysis, descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation analysis were used to compare the general characteristics and all items. Results: In the questionnaire, the impression of KPNFA was 69.21, the instructor specialization in the educational programs was 74.22, and helpful interventions for clinical application scored 74.96. KPNFA's image is competitive; friendly items scored the highest, and operation suitability and communication scored the lowest. The most important factor of the educational program was the quality of the instructors. The most helpful item was the education intervention program. The nervous system was applied to the patient with the highest response. The age of subjects showed a significant positive correlation with KPNFA impression, KPNFA branch impression, and branch problem solving. The work duration of subjects showed a significant negative correlation with instructor specialization. A regular member duration of subjects showed a negative correlation with teaching method, instructor specialization. Conclusions: The KPNFA survey was performed for the first time. In the future, this data will be utilized as the basis for KPNFA policy.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of a community based group exercise intervention on motor functional capacity. To evaluate the immediate(post-treatment) effects after 6-weeks exercise program on the group exercise intervention(PNF and Circuit exercise). Methods : Subjects-Included persons with stroke who were living in the community. Thirty-seven subjects were randomly assigned to the PNF, Circuit exercise and control group participated in a repeated measures design that evaluated the subjects with pre-treatment, post-treatment(6 weeks). Functional ability outcome measures assessed the motor assessment scale(MAS) and EMG. Both treatment groups participated in exercise cJass three times a week for 6 weeks. Group programs focused on balance, functional motor capacity and walking ability. The PNF program was modified PNF pattem and techniques with emphasis on functional tasks when possible, as well as stretching of the more affected limb particularly in the more affected shoulder. The Circuit program with subjects completing practice at a selies of work station as well as participating in walking races and relay with other members of the group. Results : Compared with the control group, the treatment group had larger improvements in the motor function ability after 6 weeks treatment and Post-treatment test scores were more significant than the pre-treatment score. 1. Motor function were assessed by using MAS, sit to stand, walking and upper function were assessed pre-treatment versus post-treatment measures revealed a statically significant(p<.05). There were significant differences between the groups. Compared with the control group, the treatment group had larger improvements. 2. In the treatment groups, demonstrated difference in the electromyographic activation of biceps, triceps, quadriceps and tibialis anterior muscles on the paretic side in the response to the reaching arm movement and stepping motion in stance. The difference in muscle activation improvement were not statically significant. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the PNF and Circuit group exercise intervention can improve motor functional ability. This study suggests that the PNF and Circuit exercise programs is appropriate for community-based group exercise principles. It leads to gain and maintain potential function for disabled persons after stroke in the community.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 2006

The knowledge-based society increasingly demands professionals possessing essential knowledge, and the ability to use this knowledge effectively in their work settings. In response to the requirement for these professionals, PBL is a promising educational method. This paper suggests an educational development program for faculty to implement problem-based learning(PBL). To implement PBL at the higher educational level, there is a need for a systemic approach. First, a well-designed educational plan for PBL is necessary. Before implementing PBL, both the instructor and the students should be prepared. Faculty members should be well informed on the characteristics of PBL, effective tutoring or facilitation skills, and how to design problems reflecting features of their own academic subject areas. Students also have to know the characteristics of PBL. Both of these groups need to be trained through workshops rather than through lectures. Second, a phase of design and implementation of PBL is necessary. PBL methods may seem to be intuitive and even unstructured because a problem is, in nature, unstructured and authentic. However, a closer look at PBL reveals that it is complex, carefully designed, and highly structured activity. Therefore, if it is poorly and incompletely designed, PBL can be a frustrating and exhausting experience for students and faculty members. Well-designed PBL can be an exhilarating and rewarding experience for both of them. Third, a phase of sharing PBL experiences is important: faculty members who have implemented PBL are required to share their experiences to help others enhance tutoring skills, and acquire practical information of students, contents, and what happened during PBL, and to develop PBL model in a specific domain. Based on the developed PBL model in a specific domain, PBL can be expanded and stabilized at the university level.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.65
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• pp.89-108
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• 2020

Twenty years after the Records Managemen Act was first enacted, the archiving environment has changed a lot. The advent of the electronic records environment, the importance of presidential records management, and the importance of managing private records have been a direct background to the 2006 revision of the Records Management Act. The field of electronic records management and the field of presidential records management have challenges and limitations, but have been steadily developing. However, in the private sector, archiving has not changed significantly compared to the voluntary activity. Now the maeul-community is calling for a response from the records management community. A society develops when the private and public sectors cooperate with each other and form healthy check-ups. In the archiving field, it must also become active through cooperation.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between cognitive and motor inhibition by comparing muscle activity and ground reaction force during unplanned gait termination according to reaction time measured through the stop-signal task. Methods: Sixteen young adults performed a stop-signal task and an unplanned gait termination separately. The subjects were divided into fast and slow groups based on their stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), as measured by the stop-signal task. Electromyography (EMG) and ground reaction force (GRF) were compared between the groups during unplanned gait termination. The data for gait termination were divided into three phases (Phase 1 to 3). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare spatiotemporal gait parameters and EMG and GRF data between groups. Results: The slow group had significantly higher activity of the tibialis anterior in Phase 2 and Phase 3 than the fast group (p <0.05). In Phase 1, the fast group had significantly shorter time to peak amplitude (TPA) of the soleus than the slow group (p <0.05). In Phase 2, the TPA of the tibialis anterior was significantly lower in the fast group than the slow group (p <0.05). In Phase 3, there was no significant difference in the GRF between the two groups (p >0.05). There were no significant difference between the two groups in the spatiotemporal gait parameters (p >0.05). Conclusion: Compared to the slow group, the fast group with cognitive inhibition suppressed muscle activity for unplanned gait termination. The association between SSRT and unplanned gait termination shows that a participant's ability to suppress an incipient finger response is relevant to their ability to construct a corrective gait pattern in a choice-demanding environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.23-45
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• 2020

The world is paying attention to the South Korean government's aggressive COVID-19 response, key of which is transparency and openness in sharing information. Opening up government information is essential to enhancing its social and economic value through increased awareness and accessibility. The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of SNS operated by national open data portals in which government-collected and -disclosed data is available and to suggest improvements for the use of open data portals. To do this, the study compared 3 national open data portals, each from India, U.S.A, and Korea, by performing quantitative analysis, user feedback analysis, time-series analysis, and information type analysis. Based on the identified information types and user needs, the study suggests concrete ways to facilitate the use of open data portals.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.463-468
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• 2022

COVID-19 is a complex disaster, not an infectious disease-level disaster, and it is difficult to respond with the existing disaster response management method. As a result, experiencing psychological stress and trauma such as 'Corona Blue' has emerged as a new social problem. This study examined the changes in non-face-to-face counseling services using ICT technology and the application cases of image, AI, and VR by companies as the transition to the digital economy accelerates. Based on this, disaster psychological recovery support services were considered to improve the psychological recovery and quality of life of the people after a disaster by establishing a more efficient counseling system and developing counseling services using ICT technology.