• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.46-54
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• 2022

This study attempted non-face-to-face collaborative product development practice that can respond to the spread of COVID-19 by expanding existing product data management system-based product development practice. For the complete non-face-to-face product development practice, it utilized prototype development using a 3D paper model, an online class management system and social media for classes and meetings. As a result of applying the non-face-to-face method, product developments of 26 practice teams have been completed without any failures. Therefore, through this study, the author can confirm that it is possible to provide the complete non-face-to-face collaborative product development practice based on product data management systems.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.1006-1009
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a technique of the recognition of partial face. Most of the research is concentrated on the recognition of whole face Since part of the face area in an image can be damaged or overlapped, face recognition based on partial face is required. PCA and LDA technique is applied to the recognition of partial face. Also, a new method to combine the results of the recognition of parts of the face.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.277-301
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• 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze the sentiment responses of the general public to non-face-to-face work using text mining methodology. As the number of non-face-to-face complaints is increasing over time, it is difficult to review and analyze in traditional methods such as surveys, and there is a limit to reflect real-time issues. Approach This study has proposed a method of the research model, first by collecting and cleansing the data related to non-face-to-face work among tweets posted on Twitter. Second, topics and keywords are extracted from tweets using LDA(Latent Dirichlet Allocation), a topic modeling technique, and changes for each section are analyzed through DTM(Dynamic Topic Modeling). Third, the complaints of non-face-to-face work are analyzed through the classification of positive and negative polarity in the COVID-19 section. Findings As a result of analyzing 1.54 million tweets related to non-face-to-face work, the number of IDs using non-face-to-face work-related words increased 7.2 times and the number of tweets increased 4.8 times after COVID-19. The top frequently used words related to non-face-to-face work appeared in the order of remote jobs, cybersecurity, technical jobs, productivity, and software. The words that have increased after the COVID-19 were concerned about lockdown and dismissal, and business transformation and also mentioned as to secure business continuity and virtual workplace. New Normal was newly mentioned as a new standard. Negative opinions found to be increased in the early stages of COVID-19 from 34% to 43%, and then stabilized again to 36% through non-face-to-face work sentiment analysis. The complaints were, policies such as strengthening cybersecurity, activating communication to improve work productivity, and diversifying work spaces.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.251-256
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• 2017

The most important environment of human being is the human being itself. So we have been sensitive to the appearance of ours and others at the same time. This writing aims for locating origins of the face and discerning differences [1] between the face of humans and those of other animals [2]. The face assumes a substantial significance not merely as a body function, but, above all, a means of expressions and features being looked at. The face is an important means of communication to humans as social animals. Knowledges about the various faces of the face are useful to become a efficient specialist as an extensive generalist because the face is a regular patron to the plastic surgery. The face in Korean consists of two elements of eol (the soul or the mind) and gul a residing place). When Wittgenstein says "the face is the soul of the body," his semantics corresponds to the Korean meaning. The meaning of the face in Korean is summed up in five ways. (1) the head or the front of the face with the eye, the nose and the mouth, (2) reputation or honor, (3) the general description of the psychological state, such as "the face of sadness", (4) a figure person representing a particular area, such as "Sun Dong-yul is the face of the Korean baseball community," (5) the primary imagery of the things and the event, such as "He is the face of the 4.19 Revolution." As such, the word "face", referring to a body part, extends its usages in a wide variety of contexts. What image do you convoke when you think of a person? With rare exceptions, you are most likely to invoke the face of the person. The face has come to be a byword for one's reputation or honor, and a pronoun for an expression of the essence of the thing and the event. This is presumably true of other languages. That is because human beings are equipped with the universal rule of language. A comprehensive understanding of the face is a must for cosmetic surgeons whose main responsibility is to sculpt and repair the face (Fig. 1).

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.531-541
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• 2022

This study surveyed 233 students who experienced non-face-to-face and face-to-face classes in "86 first-year, 76 second-year, and 71 third-year students" enrolled in the radiology department of universities in the Seoul metropolitan area. The main question of questionnaire consisted of a total of 14 questions, including online lectures and face-to-face lectures, use of electronic devices during classes, students' thoughts on flipped learning methods, and finally, whether it was helpful for students who were unable to participate in face-to-face classes due to COVID-19 to take classes online. The responses were composed optional to select the content of the questionnaire and descriptive to obtain open thinking from students. Comparing the significance level of responses of second and third graders based on the first graders, p>0.05 for second graders and p<0.05 for third graders, showing a significant difference in satisfaction with third graders who were greatly damaged by COVID-19 and freshmen. In conclusion, even in a situation where face-to-face lectures can be conducted, it is considered beneficial for students to conduct online lectures and face-to-face lectures according to the method of the major subject.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.247-262
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice and to characterize the types of students who experienced online clinical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Q-methodology was used in this study, and 270 Q populations were formed based on in-depth interviews with 10 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice, as well as related literature. Interviews were performed from August 1 to 31, 2022. A total of 42 Q samples were extracted, and Q sorting was performed on 33 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice. A Q factor analysis was performed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: The nursing students' perceptions of non-face-to-face clinical practice were classified into the following five types: "future professional competency-focused type," "realistic convenience priority type," "task burden awareness type," "negative critic type," and "limited experience dissatisfaction type." Conclusion: This study revealed non-face-to-face clinical practice's positive and negative aspects in nursing education. Moreover, it identified the aspects of clinical practice that cannot be replaced by non-face-to-face clinical practice and the elements of non-face-to-face practice that can complement clinical practice. These findings can be used as fundamental data to establish a stable and efficient system for improving the quality of clinical practice in the post-COVID-19 era and to implement effective non-face-to-face clinical practice according to student types.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.640-654
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• 2021

Purpose: Normal education operation was difficult in the national disaster situation of Coronavirus Infection-19. Non-face-to-face education can be an alternative to face to face education, but it is not easy to provide the same level of education. In this study, the professor of disaster management field will identify problems that can occur in the overall operation and progress of non-face-to-face education and seek ways to improve non-face-to-face education. Method: Non-face-to-face real-time education was largely categorized into pre-class, in-class, post-class, and evaluation, and case studies were conducted through the professor's case studies. Result&Conclusion: The results of the survey are as follows: First, pre-class, it was worth considering providing a non-face-to-face educational place for professors, and the need for prior education on non-face-to-face educational equipment and systems was required. In addition, it seems necessary to make sure that education is operated smoothly by giving enough notice on classes and to make efforts to develop non-face-to-face education programs for practical class. Second, communication between professor and learner, and among learners can be an important factor in non-face-to-face mid classes. To this end, it is necessary to actively utilize debate-type classes to lead learners to participate in education and enhance the educational effect through constant interaction. Third, non-face-to-face post classes, policies on the protection of privacy due to video records should be prepared to protect the privacy of professors in advance, and copyright infringement on educational materials should also be considered. In addition, it is necessary to devise various methods for fair and objective evaluation. According to the results of the interview, in the contents, which are components of non-face-to-face education, non-face-to-face education requires detailed plans on the number of students, contents, and curriculum suitable for non-face-to-face education from the design of the education. In the system, it is necessary to give the professor enough time to fully learn and familiarize with the function of the program through pre-education on the program before the professor gives non-face-to-face classes, and to operate the helpdesk, which can thoroughly check the pre-examination before non-face-to-face education and quickly resolve the problem in case of a problem.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.62-68
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the correlations between the satisfaction and effectiveness of practical training and theory lectures under two conditions: face-to-face lectures and non-face-to-face online lectures. Methods: A survey of 436 public health student, whereafter SPSS 20.0 (IBM) was used on the data to conduct frequency, descriptive statistics, and exploratory factor analyses. The Cronbach's α value was estimated in a reliability analysis, and a simple regression analysis was conducted to verify the study hypothesis. Results: It was found that the students preferred pre-recorded lectures online for both practical training and theory, claiming that when compared with face-to-face lectures, these non-face-to-face lectures meant a shorter commute and the ability to repeat the content. However, it was admitted that technical issues such as facilities or access difficulties and lower concentration could be a problem. The hypothesis that course satisfaction affects lecture effectiveness was verified, with both the practical training and theory lectures found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect. The explanatory power of student satisfaction on the effectiveness of the theory component was slightly higher than that of the practical training component, with the students having more positive perceptions on the necessity of face-to-face lectures in practical training than they did for those in theoretical instruction. Conclusion: Providing non-face-to-face online theory courses and face-to-face practical training courses could increase student satisfaction and lecture effectiveness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.1335-1342
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• 2005

In this paper, there is intended to introduce the new tunnel face shape, that is concave shaped face, and discusses its effects on the tunnel stabilization. Therefore, a comparative analysis in which the stability of a concave face was compared to that of a conventional plane face on the basis of displacement patterns in the tunnel face was conducted using a model test. In order to check and confirm displacement patterns on the concave face according to the radius of curvature as well as those around the face according to lateral pressure coefficient(k), two experimental concave models, produced at a scale of 1:2 and 1:5(tunnel radius), of the forefront of the curved area extended from plane face was built and tested.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.223-231
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• 2022

Covid-19, which has made a huge difference in our daily lives, has also brought major changes to our college education. As the class was changed from the traditional face-to-face class to a non face-to-face class, both teachers and students had difficulties in adapting, and problems such as the occurrence of academic achievement gaps due to non face-to-face classes were also raised. Therefore, this study aims to find out what attitudes students have toward non-face-to-face classes at universities caused by Covid-19. Accordingly, this study tried to identify the types of subjective perceptions college students have toward non-face-to-face classes by applying the Q methodology, and to suggest points for reference in the development and improvement of non-face-to-face classes in the future. Five types were found as a result of analysis using 30 P samples and 34 Q samples. First, learning efficiency-oriented type, second, class participation and communication-oriented type, third, non-face-to-face class active acceptance and utilization type, fourth, dissatisfaction type due to remote system and equipment operation errors, fifth, passive response type according to the situation to be. From the results of this study, it seems that it is necessary to develop an educational method for effective non-face-to-face class considering the characteristics of each type, and the merits of non-face-to-face classes, especially recorded lectures, in terms of learning efficiency, are evident. Therefore, even if face-to-face classes are conducted entirely at universities, it is believed that providing video-recorded lectures in class will be of great help to students' learning.