• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 2015

Recently, eight out of ten people have smartphone in Korea. Also, many applications of smartphone have increased. So, smartphone addiction has become a social issue. Especially, many people in smartphone addiction can't control themselves. Sometimes they don't realize that they are smartphone addiction. Many studies, mostly surveys, have been conducted to diagnose smartphone addiction, e.g. S-measure. In this paper, we suggest how to detect smartphone addiction based on ECG and Eye Gaze. We measure the signals of ECG from the Shimmer and the signals of Eye Gaze from the smart eye when the subjects see the emotional video. In addition, we extract features from the S-transform of ECG. Using Eye Gaze signals(pupil diameter, Gaze distance, Eye blinking), we extract 12 features. The classifier is trained using Random Forest. The classifiers detect the smartphone addiction using the ECG and Eye Gaze signals. We compared the detection results with S-measure results that surveyed before test. It showed 87.89% accuracy in ECG and 60.25% accuracy in Eye Gaze.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.227-233
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• 2016

Purpose: On this study, we compared the relationship of dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye, degree of dominant eye, and dominant agreement eye and hand. Methods: For 130 adults (male 70, female 60), mean age of $21.06{\pm}2.21years$ old, dominant eye, degree of dominant eye were measured by objective examination by using the diameter $3.8cm{\times}3.8cm$ thin ring, the dynamic stereoacuity were measured by three-rods test (iNT, Korea). Results: Dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye was center dominant eye without dominance was $14.97{\pm}13.80sec$ of arc, right eye $22.10{\pm}20.01sec$ of arc, left eye $22.31{\pm}20.39sec$ of arc. Dynamic stereoacuity was better when there was no dominance, but the correlation of the dominant eye with dynamic stereoacuity was very low. When Dynamic stereoacuity was separated by in the Center, Mild, Strong, dynamic stereoacuity was $14.97{\pm}13.80sec$ of arc, $20.76{\pm}15.73sec$ of arc and $24.45{\pm}25.60sec$ of arc respectively. The dynamic stereoacuity results were worse when dominance was stonger. However dynamic stereoacuity was better than Center when the degree of dominant eye was rather strong in the dominant left eye. Dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye and hand showed that right eye and hand was $22.63{\pm}20.54sec$ of arc, left eye and hand was $17.36{\pm}10.13sec$ of arc, right eye and left hand was $14.79{\pm}7.05sec$ of arc, left eye and right hand was $22.97{\pm}21.42sec$ of arc so dynamic stereoacuity was comparatively good when the dominant hand was left. Conculsions: Correlation between the dynamic stereoacuity according to the dominant eye, degree of dominant eye was low, however when degree of dominant eye was Center 14.97 sec of arc, Strong 24.45 sec of arc, the dynamic stereoacuity tended to worse when degree of dominant eye was strong. As a result, dominant eye, degree of dominant eye would have to be considered in a more comfortable binocular balance between prescribed for the wearer in binocular vision correction in binocular function such stereoacuity, sports vision training, presbyopia correction and mono vision.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.121-124
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• 2007

Ablation depth of cornea in refractive keratectomy was calculated by Munnerlyn formula. The calculations were preformed for various optical diameter (4 mm~8 mm) and various amount of corrections (-1 Dptr ~ -12 Dptr). The results to be compared with the Munnerlyn approximated formula had little effect within lower corrections, but in higher corrections > 6 Dptr can be occurred the error of 1 Dptr. Although ablation depth were evaluated, the results were only calculated by mathematical model of geometric assumptions. Because ablation depth can vary with operation conditions, the correction factor should be considered not only ablation depth by Munnerlyn formula but also surgeon-specific factor.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.275-281
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine fluctuating asymmetry of eye diameter, maxilla length, operculum length, and the number of pectoral fin ray and pelvic fin ray between ploidy and sex in diploid and triploid marine medaka, Oryzias dancena. In all experimental groups, eye diameter and maxilla length showed no significant difference between left side and right side (p>0.05). Results of operculum length in triploid male group and pectoral fin ray's number in diploid male group showed similarity ones with results of operculum length in triploid female group and pectoral fin ray's number in diploid female group (p<0.05). However, the operculum length in diploid male group and pectoral fin ray's number in triploid male group showed consinderable difference with those of operculum length in diploid female group and pectoral fin in triploid female group. Findings of pelvic fin ray's number in all groups were similar to those of pectoral fin ray's number in all groups (p<0.01).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.428-433
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to investigate the histochemical parameters of muscle fibers, and to estimate the correlation between these histological parameters and carcass traits in pigs. A total of 230 crossbred Duroc$\times$(Yorkshire$\times$Landrace) pigs (149 gilts and 81 castrated male pigs) was evaluated. Carcass traits (carcass weight, backfat thickness, and loin eye area), muscle fiber size (crosssectional area, diameter, and perimeter), muscle fiber number (density of fibers/$mm^2$ and total number of fibers), and fiber type composition (percentages of myofibers and relative areas of each fiber type) were evaluated. Mean cross-sectional area (CSA) and type IIB fiber CSA were positively correlated to carcass weight, backfat thickness and loin eye area. Mean fiber CSA was mostly related to type IIB CSA (r=0.98) as a result of the high percentage of type IIB fibers in the longissimus muscle. Correlations between fiber diameters and perimeters were also high, and showed similar results with CSA. Mean fiber density was negatively correlated to carcass weight (r=-0.24), backfat thickness (r=-0.18) and loin eye area (r=-0.27). To the contrary, total fiber number was positively correlated with carcass weight (r=0.27) and loin eye area (r=0.53). Carcass weight and loin eyZe area were not significantly related to muscle fiber composition. For backfat thickness, there was an opposition between type IIA percentage, which was positively related and type IIB percentage, which was negatively related. Fiber type composition of type I and IIA fibers were negatively correlated to that of type IIB fibers (r=-0.67 to -0.74). In the present study, carcass weight and loin eye area were positively correlated to CSA and negatively correlated to fiber density. But, these relationships were generally low. The fiber density was strongly affected by muscle fiber size and the total fiber number was affected either by CSA of muscle fiber and loin eye area. Fiber type composition was much more related to their numerical abundance than their CSA.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the change of soft contact lens parameters after eyeliner deposition and compare the cleaning efficiency and the recovery rate of lens parameters by different cleaning methods. Methods: The eyeliner was deposited on three types of soft contact lenses made of different materials for 1 hour, 4 hours and 6 hours and those lenses were washed by the eyeglasses ultrasonic cleaning and by hands. The changes in visible light transmittance, diameter and surface of those lenses were compared before and after cleaning of the lens. Results: The visible light transmittance of soft contact lenses decreased along with the deposition time of eyeliner. The patterns of the eyeliner deposition on soft contact lens appeared differently depending on the physical properties of the lens material. Thus, the largest eyeliner deposition was found on narafilcon A lens. The diameters of hilafilcon B and etafilcon A lenses were decreased, however, the diameter of narafilcon A lens was increased. The cleaning efficiency of the eyeliner deposition was greater with the multipurpose solution by hands than with the eyeglasses ultrasonic cleaner. However, the recovery of lens parameters such as the lens diameter, visible light transmittance and lens surface due to the eyeliner deposition to its original state was limited. Conclusions: From these results, it is suggested to minimize eye makeup when wearing soft contact lens. Furthermore, the reduced wearing time and shorter cycle of lens replacement may be needed by considering a change of lens parameter when the repeat eye makeup is applied.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.112-119
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• 2019

Purpose: The advantages of ocular proton therapy are that it spares the optic nerve and delivers the minimal dose to normal surrounding tissues. In this study, it developed a solid eye phantom that enabled us to perform quality assurance (QA) to verify the dose and beam range for passive single scattering proton therapy using a single phantom. For this purpose, a new solid eye phantom with a polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) wedge was developed using film dosimetry and an ionization chamber. Methods: The typical beam shape used for eye treatment is approximately 3 cm in diameter and the beam range is below 5 cm. Since proton therapy has a problem with beam range uncertainty due to differences in the stopping power of normal tissue, bone, air, etc, the beam range should be confirmed before treatment. A film can be placed on the slope of the phantom to evaluate the Spread-out Bragg Peak based on the water equivalent thickness value of PMMA on the film. In addition, an ionization chamber (Pin-point, PTW 31014) can be inserted into a hole in the phantom to measure the absolute dose. Results: The eye phantom was used for independent patient-specific QA. The differences in the output and beam range between the measurement and the planned treatment were less than 1.5% and 0.1 cm, respectively. Conclusions: An eye phantom was developed and the performance was successfully validated. The phantom can be employed to verify the output and beam range for ocular proton therapy.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.556-563
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• 2015

Chinese cabbage is one of the most important vegetables in Korea and a target crop for market stabilization as well. Remote sensing has long been used as a tool to extract plant growth, cultivated area and yield information for many crops, but little research has been conducted on Chinese cabbage. This study refers to the derivation of simple Chinese cabbage growth prediction equation by using RapidEye derived vegetation index. Daesan-myeon area in Gochang-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea is one of main producing district of Chinese cabbage. RapidEye multi-spectral imagery was taken on the Daesan-myeon five times from early September to late October during the Chinese cabbage growing season. Meanwhile, field reflectance spectra and five plant growth parameters, including plant height (P.H.), plant diameter (P.D.), leaf height (L.H.), leaf length (L.L.) and leaf number (L.N.), were measured for about 20 plants (ten plants per plot) for each ground survey. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for each of the 20 plants was measured using an active plant growth sensor (Crop $Circle^{TM}$) at the same time. The results of correlation analysis between the vegetation indices and Chinese cabbage growth data showed that NDVI was the most suited for monitoring the L.H. (r=0.958~0.978), L.L. (r=0.950~0.971), P.H. (r=0.887~0.982), P.D. (r=0.855~0.932) and L.N. (r=0.718~0.968). Retrieval equations were developed for estimating Chinese cabbage growth parameters using NDVI. These results obtained using the NDVI is effective provided a basis for establishing retrieval algorithm for the biophysical properties of Chinese cabbage. These results will also be useful in determining the RapidEye multi-spectral imagery necessary to estimate parameters of Chinese cabbage.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.541-545
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• 2008

A new spary chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum) cultivar 'Yellow Eye' was developed from a cross between 'Angela' and 'Angaesoguk' followed by selections of seedlings and lines at the Flower Research Institute, Gyeongnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services (ARES) from 2003 to 2007. Its characteristics were investigated three times from 2005 to 2007 under forcing culture in spring and retarding culture in autumn. The natural flowering time of 'Yellow Eye' was October 24th, but year-round production was possible by shading and lighting. Its flower was 3.3 cm in diameter, and had 31.7 petals and 27.9 flowers per stem in autumn. It has pollenless, single type flowers with yellow petals and green flower center. To flower in under the short day condition, for 'Yellow Eye' was about 41 days in spring, and 'Yellow Eye' showed a vase life of 23.1 days in autumn. This cultivar was registered for a commercialization in 2007. 'Yellow Eye' would be cultured under the greenhouse and rain shelter condition in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 1999

The fine structure on the compound eye surface of 2 species(Choerades isshikii (Matsumura), Laphria rufa R$\ddot{o}$der) belong to 2 genera of Laphriinae in Korea was morphologically studied with a scanning electron microscope and image analyser. The compound eye was divided into 3 parts(medial, middle, and lateral) according to a difference in the diameter of a facet. The fine structure of a facet in the medial and middle part was characteristic in Korean Laphriinae. And this morphological character was valuable in taxonomy because of the fine structure was differ from each genus.