• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1565-1575
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• 2020

This study examines the game balance of the MOBA game genre, which was selected as a model item for the Asian Games. The "bird-eye view" was used for a more efficient representation of 3D modeling. Based on that, statistical analysis was conducted to present appropriate game camera settings and camera balance to match the competitive structure of the MOBA game. A review of the game camera settings reveals that 64° to 70° is the angle that minimizes the difference in vision between the two-player teams the most. Through a one-way ANOVA analysis, we found that the user ranking level and SVB value are closely related. Therefore, the factor of the regression equation using the SVB value must have a user ranking level. As a result of the optimized camera focus analysis of , the camera setting methods were classified into 3 types. For main action games, the recommended camera angle is 64°~66°, and the recommended camera focus is 11.2 mm~19.3 mm. For action and strategy games, the camera angle is 66°~68°, camera focus - 19.3 mm~27.3 mm. And lastly, for the main strategy game, the recommended camera angle is 68°~70°, and the camera focus is 27.3 mm~35.3 mm.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1228-1238
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• 2003

This paper presents a new and practical method based on computer vision for detecting the monitor position where the user is looking. In general, the user tends to move both his face and eyes in order to gaze at certain monitor position. Previous researches use only one wide view camera, which can capture a whole user's face. In such a case, the image resolution is too low and the fine movements of user's eye cannot be exactly detected. So, we implement the gaze detection system with dual camera systems(a wide and a narrow view camera). In order to locate the user's eye position accurately, the narrow view camera has the functionalities of auto focusing and auto panning/tilting based on the detected 3D facial feature positions from the wide view camera. In addition, we use dual R-LED illuminators in order to detect facial features and especially eye features. As experimental results, we can implement the real-time gaze detection system and the gaze position accuracy between the computed positions and the real ones is about 3.44 cm of RMS error.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.952-959
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• 2016

This paper proposes a novel indoor positioning system (IPS) that uses a calibrated camera sensor network and dense 3D map information. The proposed IPS information is obtained by generating a bird's-eye image from multiple camera images; thus, our proposed IPS can provide accurate position information when objects (e.g., the mobile robot or pedestrians) are detected from multiple camera views. We evaluate the proposed IPS in a real environment with moving objects in a wireless camera sensor network. The results demonstrate that the proposed IPS can provide accurate position information for moving objects. This can improve the localization performance for mobile robot operation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.8C
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• pp.1184-1192
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• 2004

A real-time pupil detection system that detects the pupil movement from the real-time video data achieved by the visual light camera for general purpose personal computer is proposed. It is implemented with three steps; at first, face region is detected using the Haar-like feature detection scheme, and then eye region is detected within the face region using the template-based scheme. Finally, pupil movement is detected within the eye region by convolution of the horizontal and vertical histogram profiling and Gaussian filter. As results, we obtained more than 90% of the detection rate from 2375 simulation images and the data processing time is about 160㎳, that detects 7 times per second.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 1999

We proposed a method of eye pattern detection in the 2-D image which was obtained by CCD video camera. To detect face region and eye pattern, we proposed pattern search network and batch SVD algorithm which had the statistical equivalence of PCA. We also used HMM to improve the accuracy of detection. As a result, we acknowledged that the proposed algorithm was superior to PCA pattern detection algorithm in computational cost and accuracy of defection. Furthermore, we evaluated that the proposed algorithm was possible in real-time face pattern detection with 2 frame images per second.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.328-333
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• 2015

The museum is a important place to inform the value of various antiquities and relics. The museum, founded in domestic, were increased 90% in 2013 compared to 2006, and total number of including private museums were increased more than three times over the past decade. There are installing a variety of illumination and air-conditioning system, such as the spot lighting of exhibition explanation. But the exhibition explanation should not happen to visual perception disabilities by lighting. According to ICOM (International Council of Museum), it is stipulating that the museum should not to occur glare. However, we confirmed some occurred the glare and it was lack of previous studies about prevention plan. In this study, we verified occurrence of the glare by illumination angles and visitor's eye-level. The luminance values were determined by using DSLR camera and illuminometer. As a result, when illumination angle is 90 degree, the glare did not occurred by the luminance value ratio of over 0.167 regardless of eye-level. By contrast, the angle 30 degree was appeared glare with all level. And this study was compared luminance values that obtained through experiment and surveying.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.793-800
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• 2015

We presented a method to perform simultaneously both head-eye calibration and wheel calibration for a mobile robot that has a stereo camera mounted on the pan-tilt mechanism. Such a mobile robot system prevails recently. However, conventional methods are not applicable to this system because they assumed that camera systems were mounted on fixed structures. Building on conventional methods, we devised an iterative linear solution to solve the problem, and achieved satisfactory results in terms of accuracy in addition to efficiency due to simultaneous calibration. Furthermore, the calibration accuracy was improved by nonlinear optimization.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2022

Fundus images can reflect ocular diseases and systemic diseases such as glaucoma, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Thus, research on fundus-detection equipment is of great importance. The fundus camera has been widely used as a kind of noninvasive detection equipment. Most existing devices can only obtain two-dimensional (2D) retinal-image information, yet the fundus of the human eye also has spectral characteristics. The fundus has many pigments, and their different distributions in the eye lead to dissimilar tissue penetration for light waves, which can reflect the corresponding fundus structure. To obtain more abundant information and improve the detection level of equipment, a snapshot nonmydriatic fundus imaging spectral system, including fundus-imaging spectrometer and illumination system, is studied in this paper. The system uses a microlens array to realize snapshot technology; information can be obtained from only a single exposure. The system does not need to dilate the pupil. Hence, the operation is simple, which reduces its influence on the detected object. The system works in the visible and near-infrared bands (550-800 nm), with a volume less than 400 mm × 120 mm × 75 mm and a spectral resolution better than 6 nm.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2022

The number of single-person households is increasing worldwide, and among them, the proportion of elderly single-person households is increasing. In the case of elderly single-person households, a significant portion of their leisure time is devoted to watching TV. However, if they fall asleep while watching TV without turning it off, it may be difficult to sleep well due to lights and sounds of TV, which can cause health problems such as depression and reduced immunity. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a system that automatically turns off the TV when a person watching TV falls asleep. Images are collected using the camera installed in front of the TV. Since the posture of a person watching TV varies from a sitting posture to a lying posture, the system is designed to determine whether or not to fall asleep regardless of the posture. In addition, since it becomes difficult to judge eye movements as a person moves away from the TV, a method for extending the judgmentable distance is proposed. The system model was implemented and tested using a Raspberry Pi, a monitor, an infrared sensor, and a camera. Eye movements were judged regardless of sitting or lying position, and the distance between a user and a TV was extended by about 200 cm.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.35-41
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• 2007

We proposed an eye gaze tracking system under natural head movements. The system consists of one CCD(charge-coupled device) camera and two front-surface mirrors. The mirrors rotate to follow head movements in order to keep the eye within the view of the camera. However, the mirror controller cannot guarantee the fast head movements, because the frame rate is generally 30Hz. To overcome this problem, we applied Kalman filter to estimate next eye position from the current eye image. In the results, our system allowed the subjects head to move 60cm horizontally and 40cm vertically, with the head movement speed about 55cm/sec and 45cm/sec, respectively. And spatial gate resolutions were about 4.5 degree and 5.0 degree, respectively, and the gaze estimation accuracy was 92% under natural head movements.