• 펄프종이기술
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.72-78
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• 2006

The extraction properties of the biological waste originated from the Tobacco industry were evaluated. The biological waste have been recycled and transformed into a valuable material, so called a reconstituted tobacco sheet(Recon) by the papermaking process. In this process, The mechanical extraction process, which divides the mixed raw material slurry into the soluble stock and the insoluble stock, could affect not only the quality of final Recon product but also the productivity of whole Recon making process. This study investigated the effects of the extraction process on the slurry properties in detail. In order to quantify the amounts of the solubles which resided in the insoluble fibers, the washing treatment of the stock before and after squeezing process was applied. The amounts of the residual solubles showed little changes according to each stage of the extraction process. The fractionation of the slurry showed the difference in the amount of soluble in the stock depending on the size of the biological waste. After the extraction process, the bigger size fiber portion contained about 19%(by weight) in soluble after pressing but the smaller size fiber portion 9% in soluble. The fractionation ratio of the stocks also was changed by the screw press process, which could demonstrate the physical effects of the mechanical extraction.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to investigate the optimal condition for macerating enzymatic extraction process that leads to the highest yield and the largest extracted amount of bio-active contents from Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit. The optimal extraction conditions were found as the following: The initial amount of the water added to the fruit was 20 ~ 30% by weight. The mixing ratio used for the macerating enzyme was 4 : 1 : 2 (w : w : w) for cellulase:pectinase:amylogucosidase, and the amount of the macerating enzyme added was 2% by weight. The extraction process was done at a temperature of $45{\sim}50^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours. The extraction yields on Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit by macerating enzymatic extraction process was increased by 84.3% compared to that of hot-water extraction process. The amounts of organic acids and vitamin found in the extract were also higher. The amount of polyphenol and anthocyanin contents in the extract were 185% and 257% of those from hot-water extraction, respectively. These results suggest that macerating enzymatic extraction is an effective method to boost extraction yield and to increase the amount of extraction of bio-active contents from Rubus coreanus Miq. fruit.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.120-131
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• 1995

Thermodynamic analysis of extraction process from the constant pressure LNG(Liquefied Natural Gas) vessel was performed in this study. LNG was assumed as a binary mixture of 90% methane and 10% ethane by mole fraction. The thermodynamic properties such as temperature, composition, specific volume and the amount of cold energy were predicted during extraction process. Pressure as a parameter ranges from 101.3kPa to 2000kPa. The result shows the peculiar phenomena for the LNG as a mixture. Both vapor and liquid extraction processes were investigated by a computer model. The property changes are negligible in the liquid extraction process. For the vapor extraction process, the temperature in the vessel increases rapidly and the extracted composition of methane decreases rapidly near the end of extracting process. Specific volume of vapor has the maximum and that of liquid has the minimum during the process. When pressure is increased, specific volume of vapor decreases and that of liquid increases. It was found that specific volume of vapor phase had a major effect on the heat absorption at constant pressure during vapor extraction process. If the pressure of the vessel increases, the total cold energy which can be utilized from LNG decreased.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2016

The process of extracting external boundary of an object is a very important process for recognizing an object in the image. The proposed extraction method consists of two processes: External Boundary Extraction and Thinning. In the first step, external boundary extraction process separates the region representing the object in the input image. Then, only the pixels adjacent to the background are selected among the pixels constituting the object to construct an outline of the object. The second step, thinning process, simplifies the outline of an object by eliminating unnecessary pixels by examining positions and interconnection relations between the pixels constituting the outline of the object obtained in the previous extraction process. As a result, the simplified external boundary of object results in a higher recognition rate in the next step, the object recognition process.

• 융합신호처리학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2004

자동 지문 인식 과정은 지문의 방향성 추출, 이진화, 세선화, 특징점(끝점, 분기점)추출의 과정을 거치게 되며, 여기서 방향성 추출 이후 이진화는 세선화와 특징점(끝점, 분기점)추출 과정에 많은 영향을 미친다. 잘못된 이진화는 특징점의 오추출율을 증가시킨다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 이진화 과정과 비교하여 개선된 이진화 방법으로 더욱 높은 정확도의 특징점 추출 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이진화 과정을 수행할 때 문제가 되는 임계값을 지문의 방향성과 융선간의 반주기를 이용하여 비교 대상 영역의 밝기를 임계값으로 적용함으로써 더욱 뛰어난 이진화를 수행하여 지문인식의 향상된 처리 과정을 수행할 수 있다. NIST DBI의 지문화상에 적용한 결과 제안하는 이진화 알고리즘이 특징점 추출을 향상 시켰음을 나타내고 있다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.447-459
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• 2003

This study was carried out to develop an efficient process far the elimination of phenol pollutant from soils. An microwave-assisted process (MAP) and a conventional Soxhlet extraction method (SEM) were employed to extract phenol from two types of soils. The effects of extraction methods, aged time of the spiked soil samples, extraction solvent and extraction time on the extraction performance were compared. Our results demonstrate that the recoveries from standard soil spiked were at least 10% higher fer MAP than these f3r the conventional Soxhlet. The extraction time by MAP requires significantly shelter time (1 min) than 15 h of the conventional Soxhlet. The recoveries from non-contaminated soil spiked with phenol were also almost identical f3r above results. The reduction of the extraction times with efficiency higher than that afforded by the conventional Soxhlet technique supports the suitability of the MAP method.

• 청정기술
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2008

연구에서는 LCD 제조 공정에서 배출되는 스트리퍼와 디벨로퍼 혼합 폐액(SD폐액)과 스트리퍼 폐수의 효과적 분리 및 처리를 위한 가능한 기술로서 추출공정과 증류공정의 기술적/경제적 타당성을 검토하였다. SD폐액과 스트리퍼 폐수의 추출분리를 위한 용매로 $CHCl_3$가 여러 가지 관점에서 가장 적절한 용매로 확인되었다. 또한 SD폐액 분리 회수를 위한 공정으로서 추출공정과 증류공정의 두 가지 공정에 대하여 정밀 전산모사를 수행한 결과 $CHCl_3$를 이용한 추출분리공정이 단순증류공정보다 6배 정도 에너지 소요비용이 적게 소요됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2011

This study was performed to enhance anticancer activities of Lithospermum erythrorhizon by eluting high amount of shikonin through ultra high pressure process. Extraction yield was increased up to 5~10% by ultra high pressure process, compare to the normal extraction processes such as water solvent extraction, 70% ethyl alcohol solvent extraction. The cytotoxicity of the extracts ($1.0{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) from ultra high pressure process was showed the lowest cytotoxicity 13.4% for human lung cell (HEL299). The anticancer activities showed 80~85% by adding $1.0{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ of the extracts from ultra high pressure process in several cancer cell lines such as AGS, Hep3B, MCF-7 and HeLa cells. Among them, MCF-7 cell of the endocrine system was highest inhibited than other cells. The anticancer activities of the extracts from ultra high pressure extraction process showed 10~15%, which was higher than the extracts from normal extraction processes. From HPLC analysis of the extracts, the contents of shikonin in the extracts from ultra high pressure process was 11.42% (w/w), which was 20% higher than others. This results indicate that ultra high pressure process could increase the extraction yield of shikonin and other contents, which resulted in higher anticancer activities.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.586-592
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• 1999

Microwave assisted extraction(MAE) is known as a more environmental friendly process with economic advantages in terms of less time, less solvent, less energy and less wastes than the current time consuming reflux method. It was applied to develop a rapid extraction method for soluble ginseng components that are major materials used for the processing of ginseng products. In a comparative study between pre established MAE(ethanol 60%, power 80 W, process time 4 min$\times$5) and current extraction method(ethanol 80%, temp. 85oC, time 8 hr$\times$5), MAE was more efficient than the current method to obtain an extract yield(soluble solid), but it was insufficient to extract individual ginsenosides, total phenols, reducing components and acidic polysaccharides. MAE with 80% ethanol by 5 times showed, however, that its extraction efficiency on soluble solid, crude saponin, major ginsenosides, and the other components was equal or superior to that of the current method, indicating that ethanol concentration is one of the critical parameters influencing the MAE process. The quality of ginseng extracts from MAE was assured by evaluating the corresponding standards and by comparing TLC and HPLC patterns with the control.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.358-360
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• 1996

Solvent extraction, soxhlet method, and supercritical fluid extracion were considered, respectively, as the method of choice for the recovery of DHA from lyophilized Thraustochitrium sp., and the results of corresponding extraction were compared. Supercritical fluid extraction seems to be the most appropriate process with respect to time, process simplicity, and extractant intoxicity.