• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.86-95
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• 2013

In this study, a model of compensation and amendment of forecasted travel demand was developed to calculate the range of values depends on the changes in the risk factors, selecting factors that might affect traffic demand changes among risk factors. Selected factors are as follows: influenced area population, the number of registrated vehicle per person, ratio of service industry workers, and city intervals. Then this model is applied to six routes of expressway and the calculated value were compensated with error rate being reflected on each quartile value with respect to influenced area population (200,000 people standards). Result from appling developed model to Cheongwon-Sangju expressway suggests that the model could compensate the error rate by more than 50%, which in turn validate the effectiveness of the model developed. Some limitations and future research agenda have also been identified.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2012

This study was planned for an empirical review of foodservice operation in expressway rest areas for a menu strategy targeting staff and customers. The results were as follows. Main foodservice category included 10-30 items of Korean dishes. The needs for having branded foodservice menu in rest areas were high in fusion/fast foods, snack/ready-made and beverages. Employment of professional cooks in rest areas was low (10-30%), and the most important factor was 'taste' when cooking Korean foods. Foreigners preferred fusion/fast foods and snack/ready-made foods to Korean food, beverages and Japanese/Chinese foods, and most of the foreigners ordered food with 'no question'(55.5%) or 'some questions'(34.8%). Rest area staff prepared some photos/pictures of foods (80-100%) for menu comprehension, but the accuracy of menu transcription was very low. Customers used a rest area once or twice, stayed for 10-20 min(43.6%)/20-30 min(38.6%), visited by car(77.7%) to relax and use toilets(61.6%) on average. Favorite food and snacks were Korean(32.7%) and ready made/snacks(33.0%), and they spent 5,000-10,000 won(51.3%), 3,000-5,000 won(25.8%) on them. Customer satisfaction with rest areas was 'average' regardless of gender, age, education levels and jobs. With this analysis, we should prepare an efficient menu strategy for customer satisfaction and plans for analyzing problems along with alternatives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2010.09c
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• pp.72-77
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• 2010

The Incheon Bridge, which was opened to the traffic in October 2009, is an 18.4 km long sea-crossing bridge connecting the Incheon International Airport with the expressway networks around the Seoul metropolitan area by way of Songdo District of Incheon City. This bridge is an integration of several special featured bridges and the major part of the bridge consists of cable-stayed spans. This marine cable-stayed bridge has a main span of 800 m wide to cross the vessel navigation channel in and out of the Incheon Port. In waterways where ship collision is anticipated, bridges shall be designed to resist ship impact forces, and/or, adequately protected by ship impact protection (SIP) systems. For the Incheon Bridge, large diameter circular dolphins as SIP were made at 44 locations of the both side of the main span around the piers of the cable-stayed bridge span. This world's largest dolphin-type SIP system protects the bridge against the collision with 100,000 DWT tanker navigating the channel with speed of 10 knots. Diameter of the dolphin is up to 25 m. Vessel collision risk was assessed by probability based analysis with AASHTO Method-II. The annual frequency of bridge collapse through the risk analysis for 71,370 cases of the impact scenario was less than $0.5{\times}10^{-4}$ and satisfies design requirements. The dolphin is the circular sheet pile structure filled with crushed rock and closed at the top with a robust concrete cap. The structural design was performed with numerical analyses of which constitutional model was verified by the physical model experiment using the geo-centrifugal testing equipment. 3D non-linear finite element models were used to analyze the structural response and energy-dissipating capability of dolphins which were deeply embedded in the seabed. The dolphin structure secures external stability and internal stability for ordinary loads such as wave and current pressure. Considering failure mechanism, stability assessment was performed for the strength limit state and service limit state of the dolphins. The friction angle of the crushed stone as a filling material was reduced to $38^{\circ}$ considering the possibility of contracting behavior as the impact.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study supports the evidence that it is possible to rehabilitate a damaged pavement with a lane closure specifically based on the Gimcheon~Sunsan project. METHODS : The prediction results from the simulation programs were compared with field monitoring, which focused on traffic management planning, congestion (length, time, and passing speed), bypass, and user cost, among others. RESULTS : The research results showed that lane closure application and pavement repair of the aged pavement in Korea were possible, even though the prediction results were minimally different from the field monitoring. The road agency contributes to service life extension of the rehabilitated pavement using this method. CONCLUSIONS : A marginal effect caused by the lane closure was observed on travelling users or vehicles, and the user cost of pavement repair decreased. Therefore, introducing the repair method or rehabilitation in Korea is possible. Information dissemination through various media was properly done to execute the project well. Moreover, the construction area traffic utilized nearby alternative roads. Therefore, improving the repaired pavemen's service life while ensuring that the pavement management agency can provide a road with comfortable user riding quality was possible.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.79-97
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• 2003

This study aims to investigate the changing trend of the industrial complexes in the region of Liege, Belgium. The accessibility to the expressway and to the central city, the favorable atmosphere of the community, and the pleasant natural environment are the important factors in locating the industrial complexes in suburban areas. Since the 1970s the industrial complexes are developed generally on a medium or small scale coexisting with manufacturing firms and service business, but the business parks, the service parks and the science parks are developed in some strategic places. The industrial complexes are filled up with relocated firms rather than new established firms, and the industrial structure is diversified with the increase of service business. As manufacturing firms emigrated from the central city to suburban areas, the central city suffers from some serious problems such as the increased unemployment, the decreased population, the appearance of industrial ruined spaces and the worse of finance by the decreased tax sources. The local government tries to solve these problems by enacting some policies in order to revive the manufacturing firms in the central city, but with little avail.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.141-155
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• 2017

As the use of SNS becomes more active, many people are posting their thoughts about specific events in their SNS in the form of text. As a result, SNS is used in various fields such as finance and distribution to conduct service satisfaction surveys and consumer monitoring. However, in the transportation area, there are not enough cases to utilize unstructured data analysis such as emotional analysis. In this study, we developed an emotional analysis methodology that can be used in transportation by using highway VOC data, which is atypical data collected by Korea Expressway Corporation. The developed methodology consists of morpheme analysis, emotional dictionary construction, and emotional discrimination of the collected unstructured data. The developed methodology was verified using highway related tweet data. As a result of the analysis, it can be guessed that many information and information about the construction and the accident were related to the highway during the analysis period. Also, it seems that users complain about the delay caused by construction and accident.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.6D
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• pp.565-569
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• 2012

This study selected blind spot areas for public transportation in four metropolitan cities including Busan, Daegue, Gwangju, and Daejeon. Then this study developed a nested logit model and analyzed the changes of mode choice behaviors after adopting rapid transit system using stated preference(SP) survey. As the study results, blind spot areas have more potential public transportation demand and tendency to shift to public transportation from autos than built-up areas. This study results can be utilized to evaluate demand changes for new rapid transit system in a circular expressway and an arterial highway connecting CBD and surrounding areas. The study results also can be utilized to analyze the potential public transportation demand in the surrounding areas.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3D
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• pp.223-229
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• 2010

The bus transfer system has been extended from Seoul to Gyonggi province to provide better Seoul metropolitan area transit service in September, 2008. Moreover, the curved bus routes, except existing rapid bus routes, which cause longer travel time have been straightened out. Also, the Skip Stop operation suggested by passengers has been introduced to main stops in the newly added express bus lines. This study surveyed passengers service satisfaction for the recent adopted bus policies such as the transfer discount system and the express bus system in Seoul Metropolitan area. The survey results may be important foundation for future strategies for improvement. The survey included questionnaires about the importance and the satisfaction level on both quantitative and qualitative factors. The results were statistically analyzed by the modified IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis). As the result of the survey, the newly adopted services such as fare system, fare discount on transferring, travel time savings and increased number of stops are economically feasible and satisfactory, whereas the accessibility to stops, ventilation and air quality in vehicles are the priorities to be improved. Also, the safety and the information system is in need of improvement.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.16-30
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• 2019

In this study, we calculated the driving duration of individual vehicles according to the availability of rest facility on highway, and suggested indicators indicating the potential risk of accidents caused by long-term driving with weights based on the number of vehicles by driving duration of individual links. Based on this, the methodology for estimating the appropriate location of the highway rest facility considering the driving duration of individual vehicles was presented. Using the DSRC individual vehicle data collected from the highways, the appropriate location of the rest facility was calculated by considering the driving duration by classifying weekdays and weekends for the Gyeongbu Expressway. The results showed that the weekly and weekend high risk indicators were different. In the case of weekdays, the risk indicators of Gimchun JC to Kumho JC for Busan were high, while for weekends, the risk indicators of Ansung JC to Dongtan JC for Seoul and Ansung IC to Bukchunan IC for Busan were high. This study has great significance in that it provides a framework for detailed analysis of link units by using non-aggregated data of individual vehicle units. In addition, it is significant that the reasonable driving duration reflecting the behavior of individual vehicles was calculated by analyzing the use of rest facilities.