• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.552-556
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of feedback breathing exercise on respiratory muscle activity. Thirty stroke patients were randomly and equally assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received rehabilitation exercise treatment for 30 minutes and feedback respiratory exercise for 30 minutes and the control group received rehabilitation exercise treatment for 30 minutes and conducted motomed exercise for 30 minutes. All of them conducted exercises five times per week for four weeks. Respiratory muscles including the upper trapezius(UT), longissimus dorsi(LD), rectus abdominis(RA), external abdominal oblique(EAO) and, internal abdominal oblique(IAO) were measured using MP 150WSW prior to and after the experiment. Regarding pulmonary functions prior to and after the experiment, the experimental group showed significant differences in all sections but the control group did not show significant differences in any sections. As for in-between group differences after the experiment, there were significant differences in the UT, LD, RA, and IAO but no significant differences in the EAO. In conclusion, respiratory muscle activity was more effective for the experimental group than the control group. It is considered that feedback respiratory exercise may induce improvement in respiratory muscles in stroke patients through feedback breathing exercise.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.601-609
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the applicability of rational emotive behavior therapy(REBT) technique to the horticultural activity program as a method of reducing irrational beliefs and job-seeking stress, and improving career maturity through the change of irrational beliefs. The subjects were 30 university students with irrational beliefs, 15 of them in the control group and 15 in the experimental group. The horticultural therapy program was carried out in total 10 sessions once a week for one and a half hours. For irrational beliefs, the experimental group showed a significant decrease (p=.002) in the total score after the program, but the control group showed an insignificant change (p=.529). Total job-seeking stress score was decreased significantly in the experimental group (p=.002) after the program, whereas it was increased in the control group (p=.023). For the career maturity, the experimental group showed a significant increase (p=.008) in the total score, whereas the control group showed a significant decrease (p=.028). Therefore, it can be found that REBT applied horticultural activity programs are helpful for reducing irrational beliefs and job-seeking stress and improving career maturity for young adults.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.529-531
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• 1975

This observation was carried out to investigate the phosphatase activity and the calcium contents of periapical granuloma in patients of both sex and different age. The results were as follows : 1. Acid phosphatase activity was considerably increased with bone absorption. 2. Alkaline phosphatase activity was also remarkably increased in periapical granuloma. 3. In case of periapical granuloma, differences of phosphatase activity by age and sex were not observed. 4. Calcium contents in periapical granuloma was of very small quantity, showing remarkable decrease when compared with the normal bone tissue.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.13-18
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• 1967

1. Within experimental chromatin, the total protein: DNA ratio did not vary in the same organs of control and irradiated rats. However, the amount of RNA and total protein associated with the DNA varied considerably among the different types of chromatin. In particular, the content of chromatin was the control tissue. RNA and total protein ratio of chromatins from brtain, liver, testis and spleen declined with experimental I organs. 2. There was the same quantitative relationship between the amount of RNA and the amount of histone-protein associated with DNA in chromatin. 3. RNA: DNA ratio of chromatin showed 1.5-2 times increas in the irradiated organs except brain. However, RNA: DNA ratio was decreased in chromatin by irradiation. 4. Histone-protein:residual protein ratio was greatly varied among the organs. However, the effect was not found by irradiation. 5. Priming activity of chromatin showed a higher value in testis and the activity was greater in organs with higher metabolic activity: 6. Inhibition of Actinomycin D is observable in chromatin from testis, liver, spleen and brain declined without relationship between irradiated and non-irradiated conditions. Ammonium sulfate showed increased priming activity by the electrostatic dissociation of DNA and histone in chromatin on the stimulation depending on property of chromatins. 7. It is suggested that the results support a proposal that testis and spleen of highly sensitive to irradiation should an increase in the priming activity whereas brain and liver of lower sensitivity decreased in the activity.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.2212-2220
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• 2020

Background: Repetitive damage to the ankle joint causes chronic ankle instability, and studies comparing the effects of exercise in open and closed chains as a treatment method are very rare. Objectives: To investigate the effects of open and closed kinetic exercises on muscle activity and dynamic balance of ankle joint in adults with chronic ankle instability. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled trial. Methods: The selected 30 subjects are randomly divided into open kinetic chain exercise experimental group (EGI, n=10), closed kinetic chain exercise experimental group (EGII, n=10), and stretching control group (CG, n=10). Open and closed kinetic exercises lasted 30 minutes three times a week for six weeks and stretching exercises performed four actions for 20 seconds and five sets. The measurement tools using surface electromyography to measure muscle activity in the ankle joint. The dynamic balance of the ankle was evaluated using the Y-Balance test. Results: Following the intervention, closed and open kinetic chain exercise group showed significant difference in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscle activity and dynamic balance (P<.05). However, no significant difference in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscle activity and dynamic balance between closed and open kinetic chain exercise group (P<.05). Conclusion: This study provides evidence that closed and open kinetic chain exercise can be presented as an effective exercise for the muscle activity of ankle muscle and dynamic balance of the subject with chronic ankle instability.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.278-298
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• 1997

This study was performed to prove the antioxidant activities of Cynanchum Wilfordii Hemsley(白何首烏) by way of aqua- acupuncture methods. After 10% & 20% concentrations of liquid extract of Cynanchum Wilfordii Hemsley were acupunctured on Joksamri(足三里) of rats with acute and chronic experimental oxidation by AAPH(2, 2'-azobis(aminoidinopropane), hydrochoride), various kinds of experiments were measured. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In acute antioxidant experiment, the amount of TBARS indicated irregular increase and decrease to over 68% in experiment group in comparison with normal group. 2. In the serum test of acute antioxident experiment, uric acid and total protein and albumin were significantly increased in experiment group in comparison with control group. 3. In chronic antioxident experiment, the change of body weight was significantly decreased in 20% experimental groups in comparison with control group, and only liver significantly increased in 10% & 20% experiment group. 4. In chronic antioxident experiment, total protein significantly increased in 10%, 20% experimental groups and creatinine and BUN were significantly decreased in 10% experiment group. 5. In the chronic antioxident experiment, serum GOT, GPT activity didn't show no significantly change, LDH activity was significantly increase in 10% experiment group in comparison with control group. 6. In the chronic antioxident experiment, the tolerance test with enzyme activities of erythrocyte membrane was significantly decreased in 10% & 20% experimental groups. 7. In the chronic antioxident experiment, the change of TBA was significantly decreased in 10% & 20% experimental group. 8. In the chronic antioxident experiment, the amount of cytochrome p-450 was significantly increased in 10% & 20% experimental groups in comparison with control group. 9. In the chronic antioxident experiment, the amount of cytochrome b5 was significantly increase in 20% experimental group in comparison with control group. 10. In the chronic antioxident experiment, the change of activity of superoxide dismutase, and catalase were significantly increased in 20% experiment group in comparison with control group. From the above result, it was concluded considers the liquid extract of Cynanchum Wilfordii Hemsley(白何首烏) could be used as antiaging drugs, because it delayed the aging process and retarded senility.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.81-85
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• 2009

$Na^+-H^+$ exchanger (NHE) is the main acid extruder in cardiac myocytes. We review the experimental findings of ion-dependency of NHE activity, and the mathematical modeling developed so far. In spite of extensive investigation, many unsolved questions still remain. We consider that the precise description of NHE activity with mathematical models elucidates the roles of NHE in maintaining ionic homeostasis, especially under pathophysiological conditions.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.7
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• pp.583-593
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• 2008

This study was designed to examine the effects of Salicornia herbacea L. (glasswort: GW) on hepatic antioxidative enzyme activities in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220g by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN-93 recommended diet and the experimental groups were fed a modified diet containing 10% and 20% of glasswort powder for 4 weeks. The experimental groups were divided into 6 groups which consisted of normal (N)-control group, N-GW 10% and N-GW 20% treated groups, STZ-control, STZ-GW 10% and STZ-GW 20% treated groups. The activities of Xanthine oxidase (XOD), glutathione- S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and CAT (CAT) were measured in the homogenates of liver. The activity of CAT was lower in the supplementary group with glasswort compare to the STZcontrol group but it was not significantly different. The activity of SOD was not significant in all of experimental groups. The activity of GR was significantly increased in the normal supplementary group with glasswort, and GPX activity was significantly increased in STZ-GW 10% group compare to the STZ-control group. The activity of XOD was significantly decreased in the all of supplementary groups with glasswort. The activity of GST was significantly increased in the N-GW 20% group and it was significantly decreased in the STZ-GW 20% group. These results show that the supplementation of glasswort may have favorable influence on antioxidative status in diabetic rats and it may be useful for the diabetic complications as functional food.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.809-827
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• 2017

Steam explosion was applied to extract phenolic compounds from oak wood (Quercus mongolica). The effects of three independent factors (ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time) on the total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and antimicrobial activity from the steam exploded oak wood were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables were coded at three levels and their actual values were selected on the basis of preliminary experimental results. The following optimal extraction conditions were selected: ethanol concentration 82.0%, extraction temperature $71.7^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 60.5 min for total phenolic content; ethanol concentration 78.3%, extraction temperature $70.3^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 57.6 min for DPPH radical scavenging activity; ethanol concentration 80.6%, extraction temperature $68.4^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 59.0 min for antimicrobial activity. The experimental values agreed with those were predicted within confidence intervals indicating the suitability of RSM in optimizing the ethanol extraction of phenolic compounds from the steam exploded oak wood. Under the optimized conditions, the experimental value of the total phenolic content was 111.8 mg GAE/g dry steam exploded oak wood, DPPH free radical scavenging activity was 65.7%, and antimicrobial activity was 17.0 mm, and those are reasonably close to the predicted values (109.2 mg GAE/g dry steam exploded oak wood, 62.3% and 15.9 mm, respectively).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.236-244
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• 2001

We studied the effects of nonnutritive sucking(NNS) on lingual lipase activity and body weight under bottle feeding with 17 premature infants hospitalized. NNS was applied to nine infants and other eight infants comprised the control group. Pacifiers were applied to the experimental group for 5 minutes before and after bottle feeding. The treatment took approximately 20-25 minutes each time including bottle feeding time and was applied 7 times a day at intervals of 3 hours and for consecutive ten days. Lingual lipase activity and body weight were measured on the first, third, seventh and tenth day. Results and Conclusion : 1. Lingual lipase activity was low at 30 minutes after feeding and then began to increase reaching its highest level at 120 and 180 minutes after the feeding in both group. 2. Lingual lipase activity in the experimental group was not higher than that of the control group on the third, seventh and tenth day. 3. Body weight increased in experimental and control groups as days passed, while it was not significantly different between groups. These results lead to conclusion that among premature infants under bottle feeding, NNS is not effective in increasing the lingual lipase for fat digestion and NNS is not also effective for increasing body weight. The application of NNS to premature infants under bottle feeding needs considerable judgement for promoting well-being of nursing goals.