• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.913-918
• /
• 2006

Chanas(2001) introduced the notion of interval approximation of a fuzzy number with the condition that the width of this interval is equal to the width of the expected interval. In this note, this condition is relaxed and the resulting formulae are derived for determining the approximation interval. This interval is compared with the expected interval and approximation interval of a fuzzy number as introduced by Chanas.

• 대한치과기공학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.171-177
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study is to evaluate force per unit displacements according to the shape of a clasp arm and flexibility of the material. Effect of four shape parameters of a clasp, base width and thickness and tip width and thickness, on tip displacement and force per unit displacement was investigated to get the fact that displacement and force per unit displacement at the tip increase as thickness and width of clasp arm increase just as expected. But force per unit displacement is much more affected by the change in thickness than by change in width. So it is effective to increase the thickness rather than width in order to increase the force at the tip using the same amount of the material.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
• /
• 한국자기학회 2013년도 자성 및 자성재료 국제학술대회
• /
• pp.115-115
• /
• 2013

In order to pinpoint the different factors responsible for magnetization reversal, we performed simulation using OOMMF micromagnetic package for rectangular shaped permalloy element having length of $1{\mu}m$, width 50-100 nm and thickness 15-80 nm with length to width ratio L/W>4. Interestingly an increase in coercivity with thickness is found for every width below a critical thickness. With increasing width and thickness, the distinct behavior of coercivity, hysteresis loops and reversal mechanism are presented. Vortex end domains are observed during the magnetization reversal beyond particular thickness, where the three dimension reversal mechanism is expected to begin, causing a sudden increase in coercivity.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.628-632
• /
• 2016

We studied experimentally and theoretically the vertical range of the confined electric field in the gap area of metamaterials, which was analyzed for various gap widths using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. We measured the resonant frequency as a function of the thickness of poly(methyl methacrylate) in the range 0 to 3.2 μm to quantify the effective detection volumes. We found that the effective vertical range of the metamaterial is determined by the size of the gap width. The vertical range was found to decrease as the gap width of the metamaterial decreases, whereas the sensitivity is enhanced as the gap width decreases due to the highly concentrated electric field. Our experimental findings are in good agreement with the finite-difference time-domain simulation results. Finally, a numerical expression was obtained for the vertical range as a function of the gap width. This expression is expected to be very useful for optimizing the sensing efficiency.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
• /
• 제16권4
• /
• pp.206-212
• /
• 2004

본 연구에서는 폭이 좁은 1열 및 다열 잠제 대한 파랑 차단 성능을 폭이 넓은 1열 및 2열 잠제의 파랑 차단 성능과 비교$.$연구하였다. 파동장은 선형포텐셜 이론으로 모형화 하였으며 유한요소법을 적용하여 수치해석 하였다. 수치해석 결과, 1열 잠제에서는 폭이 좁은 잠제가 폭이 넓은 잠제보다 파랑 차단 성능이 다소 떨어지나 어느 정도 효과적인 파랑 차단 성능을 보여주고 있으며, 폭이 좁은 잠제를 2열 또는 3열로 배치하였을 때에는 폭이 넓은 1열 또는 2열 잠제보다 훨씬 뛰어난 파랑 차단 성능을 보이고 있다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.201-217
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 '정폭도형'을 소재로 초등 수학영재 프로그램을 개발 적용 하는데 그 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 정폭도형에 관한 이론을 정리하였다. 다음으로 초등학교 수학 영재 교육 프로그램을 구안하고 예비실험 결과를 토대로 프로그램을 수정 보완하여 최종적으로 프로그램을 구체화하였다. 이 프로그램은 작도와 GSP 프로그램을 접목한 수업 형태로도 개발 가능할 것으로 보이며, 특히 과학 기술 예술적인 면을 연결한 융합교육 프로그램으로 적용 발전시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제77권6호
• /
• pp.745-751
• /
• 2021

Concrete filled double skin tubular members (CFDST) consist of double concentric circular or square steel tubes with concrete filled between the two steel tubes. The CFDST members, having a hollow section inside the internal tube, are generally lighter than ordinary concrete filled steel tubular members (CFT) which have a solid cross-section. Therefore, when the CFDST members are applied to bridge piers, reduction of seismic action can be expected. The present study aims to investigate, experimentally, the behavior of CFDST stub columns with double concentric square steel tubes filled with concrete (SS-CFDST) when working under centric compression. Two test parameters, namely, inner-to-outer width ratio and outer square steel tube's width-to-thickness were selected and outer steel tube's width-to-thickness ratio ranging from 70 to 160 were considered. In the results, shear failure of the concrete fill and local buckling of the double skin tubes having largest inner-to-outer width ratio were observed. A method to predict axial loading capacity of SS-CFDST is also proposed. In addition, the load capacity in the axial direction of stub column test on SS-CFDST is compared with that of double circular CFDST. Finally, the biaxial stress behavior of both steel tubes under plane stress is discussed.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.643-653
• /
• 2008

Application of the bootstrap to problems in multistage inference procedures are discussed in normal and other related models. After a general introduction to these procedures, here we explore in multistage fixed precision inference in models. We present numerical comparisons of these procedures based on bootstrap critical points for small and moderate sample sizes obtained via extensive sets of simulated experiments. It is expected that the procedure based on bootstrap leads to better results.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.202-208
• /
• 2003

In this study, a time domain analysis is presented for investigation on the buffeting response of cable-stayed bridge during both erection and completion stages. The main span length and width of deck are 520 m and 15.1m, each. Since the ratio of span over width is 34.44, aerodynamic stability of the bridge during erection is expected to dominate the safety of the bridge in construction stage. Several conclusions regarding different construction stages and temporary wind cables are obtained.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.395-411
• /
• 1993

The purpose of this study was to examine the clear concept of the designs for cavity preparations. Among the several parameters in cavity designs, profound understanding of isthmus width factor would facilitate selection of the appropriate cavity preparation for a specific clinical situation. In this study, the cavities were prepared on maxillary first premolar and filled with gold inaly. A two - dimensional model was composed of 1037 - node triangle elements. In this model, isthmus was varied in width at 1/4, 1/3 and 1/2 of intercuspal width and material properties were given for four element groups, i.e., enamel, dentin, pulp and gold. The 500N occlusal load varied in direction and it was examined using three types of load : concentrated load, divided load and distributed load. The models were also examined with empty cavities using the devided load and distributed load. These models were analyzed the displacement and strees distribution by the two - dimensional Finite Element Method. The results were as follows : 1. All experimental models which filled with gold inlay after cavity preparation were similar direction of displacement with control model under same load type. But in the models with empty cavities, as isthmus width was wider, the degree of displacement was increased at same load type. 2. Among the experimental models which were filled with gold inaly after cavity preparation, the model II showed the least stress concentration under concentrated load and divided load. But in the models with empty cavities, the model III showed the largest stress concentration and tooth fracture is expected regardless isthmus width. 3. All experimental models showed similar displacement pattern beneath restorative material under a concentrated load. In the models with empty cavities, a divided load resulted in a lingual displacement of the lingual cusp, but a distributed load resulted in a buccal displacement of the lingual cusp. In regard to the above results, the restored models were stronger than empty models in respect to the bending moment and tensile stress. The empty models are expected to fracture regardless isthmus width. The safest isthmus width was 1/3 of intercuspal distance, which showed the least stress concentration in respect to the effect of stress distribution.