• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제59권1호
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 논의를 강조한 주장과 증거 글쓰기 교수 학습 전략을 적용하여 조별 논의 후와 학급 논의 후에 주장과 증거 글쓰기의 변화, 비판적 사고력의 변화, 수업에 대한 인식을 알아보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 서울 소재 고등학교 2학년 2개 학급의 학생 72명을 대상으로 한 학기 동안 화학 I의 10개의 주제에 대하여 논의를 강조한 주장과 증거 글쓰기 수업을 하였다. 조별 논의 후에 주장 점수는 9개 주제에서 증거점수는 10개 모든 주제에서, 학급 논의 후에 주장 점수는 7개 주제에서 증거 점수는 10개 모든 주제에서 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상되었다. 설문에서 학생들은 조별 논의를 하는 과정에서 문제 상황을 이해하게 되어 주장과 증거를 만들 수 있었고, 학급 논의를 통해 충분한 증거를 제시할 수 있었다고 응답하였다. 학생들의 비판적 사고 능력 점수가 통계적으로 유의미하게 향상된 결과 또한 이를 뒷받침한다.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.157-176
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to share an experience about processes and lessons learned to execute evidence-based practice (EBP) in neurological physical therapy. Methods: The most important thing in applying EBP to practice is to search, find, and appraise the existing evidence. Many evidence databases are available, such as CENTRAL, PEDro, PUBMED, and EMBASE. However, the knowledge represented in these databases is not always perfect. The practice model is a set of processes to resolve client problems. Therapists should make hypothesis-focused decisions through EBP. Integrating clinical reasoning and evidence is most important when it comes to the execution of EBP. Results: The process of EBP consisted of following: coming up with clinical questions, followed by searching for, appraising, evaluating, and integrating evidence. To integrate EBP into practice, it is necessary to consider clinical expertise, patient value and preferences, as well as research wth the best evidence. We provided an example of a clinical case with a stroke patient to show how this process and framework concerning clinical reasoning through evidences can be integrateds. During this process, we also utilized information technology to improve EBP ability. Conclusion: We should recognize what manner of information is needed to resolve eash patient's problem, and we should search for this information efficiently. Then, we should judge the value of the information obtained as it applies, to the clinical setting.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.145-153
• /
• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this manuscript is to discuss the need for use of evidence based practice (EBP) in LTC, the current use of evidence in long term care facilities and what we know about adoption of the use of EBP in LTC. Methods: Literature review and reporting of findings from the M-TRAIN study that was a quasi-experimental design to test the effectiveness of an intervention to increase the use of EBPs for urinary incontinence and pain in 48 LTC facilities. Results: Barriers to adopting EBPs include lack of available time, lack of access to current research literature, limited critical appraisal skills, excessive literature to review, non-receptive organizational culture, limited resources, and limited decision-making authority of staff to implement change. Strategies to promote adoption of EBP include the commitment of management; the culture of the home; leadership; staff knowledge, time, and reward; and facility size, complexity, the extent that members are involved outside the facility, NH chain membership, and high level of private pay residents. Findings from the M-TRAIN add, stability of nurse leader and congruency between the leaders perception of their leadership and the staff's perception of the leadership. Conclusion: There is clear evidence of the need and the benefits to residents of LTC and to the health care system yet adoption of EBP continues to be slow and sporadic. There is also evidence for the process of establishing best evidence and many resources to find the available EBPs. The urgent need now is finding ways to best get the EBPs implemented in LTC. There is growing evidence about best methods to do this but continued research is needed. Clearly, residents in LTC deserve the best care possible and EBPs represent an important vehicle by which to do this.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2013

There is still a considerable burden of occupational diseases and injuries in the world. It is not well known which interventions can effectively reduce the exposures at work that cause this burden. The objective of this article is to summarize evidence from systematic reviews of interventions to prevent occupational diseases and injuries. We included systematic reviews of interventions to reduce the incidence of work-related cancer, dust-related diseases, occupational asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, noise induced hearing loss, back pain, and occupational injuries. We searched Medline and Embase with predefined search strategies to locate systematic reviews of these interventions. We found 23 systematic reviews of which the results are also applicable to low- and middle income countries. Effective measures to reduce exposure leading to work-related cancer, dust-related diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, noise, and injuries are available. However, better implementation of these measures is needed. Regulation, enforcement of regulation, and incentives for employers are effective interventions to achieve this goal. There is evidence that feedback and rewards for workers help in reducing occupational injuries. There is no evidence in many studies that back pain can be prevented. Personal protective equipment technically has the potential to reduce exposure but this is difficult to put into effect. There is no evidence in the studies regarding the effectiveness of education and training, preventive drugs, or health examinations. There is evidence that the implementation of technical measures enforced by regulation can prevent occupational diseases and injuries. For other interventions such as education or health examinations, there is no evidence that supports their effectiveness. More systematic reviews are needed in the area of injury prevention.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.89-105
• /
• 2010

Research methodology on Traditional Medicine in East Asia refers to logical thinking system, empirical positivism system and methodology of developing these knowledge systems. Logical thinking system of abstract concepts such as analogy or abduction and positivism system of reasonable explanation such as the five elements and their characteristic theory have been used in various ways empirically or in the form of humanities and knowledge system was developed through parallel structure of empirical positivism and exegetical studies. After the 16th century, evidence was required along with the tradition of putting emphasis on rationality, logicality and empirical positivism and characteristics of medical humanities can be found in emphasizing on medical ethics. Data that can be considered as structural review paper or meta analysis from original data of research on Traditional East Asian Medicine should be evaluated as historical evidence which is equivalent to specialist opinion, descriptive disease research, single case report or case series. Historical evidence based medicine is a research method using Historical evidence to selectively support data that are faithful to traditional theory with higher possibility to be used in future traditional east Asian medicine that links between traditional knowledge and scientific research methodology. Moreover, historical evidence based medicine tries to re-evaluate the value of traditional knowledge and ultimately, guides the direction of development of traditional medicine through scientific rationality based on history and culture.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2010

Objective: To derive information on the efficacy of Sam-chul-kun-bi-tang (SKT), by evaluating its anti-inflammatory effect. SKT is a widely-used herbal formula in traditional Korean medicine. In man y studies, plant-derived anti-inflammatory efficacies have been investigated for their potential inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. This study was performed to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of SKT extract on LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: The production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin $(PG)E_2$, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$ and interleukin (IL)-6 were examined in a macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells, in the presence of SKT. RAW 264.7 cells were incubated with LPS 1 ${\mu}g/mL$ and SKT for 18 hrs. The anti-inflammatory activity of SKT was investigated by carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. The paw volume was measured at 2 and 4 hrs following carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Results: SKT showed inhibitory effect on $PGE_2$, TNF-$\alpha$ and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. But SKT was not inhibitory effect on NO by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Administration of SKT (1 g/kg) also showed a reduction in carrageenan-induced paw edema on rats. Conclusion: These results suggest that SKT has anti-inflammatory activities in both in vitro and in vivo models.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2016

Background: The definition of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is "statements that are systematically developed to assist in the doctors' and patients' decision-making in certain situations." This study aims to establish the concept of evidence-based CPGs and investigate the development status to seek measures to apply evidence-based methods to CPG development for dental sedation in Korea. Methods: The study conducted systematic searching methods based on evidence-based CPGs. Articles published between 1995 to 2015 were searched on a Korean database and the international database PubMed. The search was based on keywords related to four subjects (dentistry, clinical practice, guideline, recommendation). Two authors independently reviewed the searched articles to determine their analysis inclusion and the convergence stages, and to arrive at a conclusion through discussion. Results: A total of 65 Korean CPGs were included. There were 51 medical guidelines, of which seven were dental and seven were Oriental medicine. Conclusions: As a basic direction for the development of evidence-based CPGs, this work suggests the following: increased awareness; consensus on the need to supply evidence-based development methods; education, computerization, and systematic observation of evidence-based CPG development methods; continuous research development and distribution of CPGs; and creation of a database for Korean clinical dentistry practice outcomes

• 정보관리학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.351-370
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 근거중심 문헌정보실무의 개념과 연구방법 및 동향을 분석하여 국내 적용가능성을 살펴보기 위한 기초연구로 수행되었다. 근거중심 문헌정보실무는 실무에서 문제해결과 업무수행 향상을 위해 신뢰성 있는 연구 결과의 활용을 촉진함으로써 연구와 실무 간에 근본적으로 존재하는 격차를 줄이기 위한 운동이다. 근거중심 문헌정보실무는 초기에 의학도서관을 중심으로 수행되었으나 점차로 대학, 전문, 학교도서관으로 확대되었으며 연구 주제 또한 이용자연구, 평가에 한정되었던 것이 경영, 장서, 서비스 등 도서관 서비스 전분야로 확대되고 있다. 근거중심 문헌정보실무의 수행은 특정한 문제해결을 위한 다양한 연구 결과의 검색, 선정, 평가, 활용의 과정이 이루어진다. 또한 가장 높은 수준의 연구결과인 비평적 리뷰의 생산과정을 정형화함으로써 기존 연구의 체계적인 평가를 수행함과 동시에 새로운 연구통합 방법을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국비블리아학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.217-246
• /
• 2021

본 연구에서는 전자기록의 신뢰체계 확보를 위해 증거로서 신뢰할 수 있는 전자기록의 품질 개념을 분석하고 기록관리 영역과 사법영역의 요건을 비교·분석하여 증거력 확보 방안 마련에 필요한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 기록관리 절차, 기록 메타데이터, 기록시스템의 요건, 공공기록물법령을 상호 연계하고 사법영역의 요건을 비교하여 기록관리 영역에서 요구되는 요건을 조사·분석하였고, 전자기록과 디지털 증거의 품질개념간 관계 분석을 통해 법적 증거력 확보를 위해 기록 생산 및 획득 단계에서 기록의 신뢰성 확보를 위한 조치가 요구된다는 점을 도출하였다. 또한, 디지털 증거의 진정성 입증은 전자기록의 진본성 입증과 밀접한 관련성을 가지므로 진본성 입증을 위한 기록 프로세스와 기록 메타데이터, 기록시스템이 가지는 중요성과 이를 위한 조치의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuroscience
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.361-375
• /
• 2018

We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of long-acting injectable (LAI) and oral second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in treating schizophrenia by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library, as well as five Korean databases, were systemically searched to identify studies published from 2000 to 16 April 2015, which compared the efficacy and safety of LAI and oral SGAs. Using data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), meta-analyses were conducted. In addition, the GRADE (the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach was applied to explicitly assess the quality of the evidence. A total of 30 studies including 17 RCTs and 13 observational studies were selected. The group treated with LAI SGAs was characterized by significantly lower relapse rates, longer times to relapse and fewer hospital days, but also by a higher occurrence of extrapyramidal syndrome and prolactin-related symptoms than that in the group treated with oral SGAs. Our findings demonstrate that there is moderate to high level of evidence suggesting that in the treatment of schizophrenia, LAI SGAs have higher efficacy and are associated with higher rates of extrapyramidal syndrome and prolactin-related symptoms. Additionally, the use of LAI SGAs should be combined with appropriate measures to reduce dopamine $D_2$ antagonism-related symptoms.