• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제45권11호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 1.8YV 12-bit 10MSPS CMOS A/D 변환기 (ADC)를 제안한다. 제안하는 ADC 는 12-bit의 고해상도를 구현하기 위해 even folding 기법을 이용한 Folding/Interpolation 구조로 설계하였다. ADC의 전체 구조는 2단으로 구성된 Folding/Interpolation 구조로써, 각각의 folding rate (FR)은 8을 적용하였고, interpolation rate (IR)은 $1^{st}$ stage 에서 8, $2^{nd}$ stage 에서 16을 적용하여 설계함으로써 고해상도를 만족시키기 위한 최적의 구조를 제안하였다. 또한 SNR 을 향상시키기 위하여 Folding/Interpolation 구조 자체를 cascaded 형태로 설계하였으며, distributed track and hold를 사용하였다. 제안하는 ADC는 $0.18{\mu}m$ 1-poly 4-metal n-well CMOS 공정을 사용하여 제작되었다. 시제품 ADC 는 측정결과 10MSPS 의 변환속도에서 약 46dB의 SNDR 성능특성을 보이며, 유효 칩 면적은 $2000{\mu}m{\times}1100{\mu}m$의 면적을 갖는다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.42-52
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• 2017

In this modern world of drastic change, folding architecture was an alternative that offered a novel architectural insight. Today, the folding technique is being used above and beyond architecture, spreading to fashion, lighting, medicine, etc. Especially in the interior space design field, the folding technique is in the limelight as an alternative to create an original space for modern society. However, research and experiments into folding mainly remains at philosophical interpretation or architectural examples, and even these were mostly before the 2000s. Therefore, the present study determined it necessary to look deeply into the post-2000s folding technique focusing on interior space. In this paper, 33 cases of indoor space where folding technique appears are derived, and classified them again by use. The folding technique which was the first step of Sophia Vyzoviti's experiment on her book, "Folding Architecture" was extracted and used as the framework. We summarizes the range of application of folding techniques (interior space in general, floor, wall, ceiling, etc.) and major folding techniques by combining photographs, drawings, and descriptions of the works of the architects. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the space described comprehensively, and draws out the spatial characteristics of the modern interior space where the folding technique appears.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.73-88
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• 2012

There are practicality, ornamentality and symbolic in a folding fan among Western accessories, and that is a little tool to enhance the overall harmony of a dress. The purpose of this study was to examine Western folding fans in an effort to shed light on the history, culture, fashion and life of different ages in which folding fans had been used. It's specifically meant to look into the mentality of people who had used folding fans. The meaning and function of folding fans were investigated, and their diverse types and characteristics were analyzed. As a result, it's found that in the West, a folding fan was one of major accessories that had an inseparable relation to popular clothes in each age and were necessary for a perfect coordination. Folding fans had been used as ornaments for Western noble women since the 16th century. After a certain period of time passed by, the 18th century became the heyday of folding fans. At that time, folding fans were one of aesthetic art works that even served as a means of mental exchange.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2001

Substantial progress has been made towards understanding the folding mechanisms of proteins in virto and in vivo even though the general rules governing such folding events remain unknown. This paper reviews current folding models along with experimental approaches used to elucidate the folding pathways. Protein misfolding is discussed in relation to disease states, such as amyloidosis, and the recent findings on the mechanism of converting normally soluble proteins into amyloid fibrils through the formation of intermediates provide an insight into understanding the pathogenesis of amyloid formation and possible cules for the development of therapeutic treatments. Finally, some commonly adopted refolding strategies developed over the part decade are summarized.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2017

A folding screen, which spread from china, is varied by many country. Each country make folding screen to fit their culture. Since oriental culture spread to europe, Chinoiserie and Japonism arise in europe at 18C, 19C. Specifically, Chinoiserie arise at 18C, after rococo. And Japonism arise at 19C, after World's fair. But korean culture, even if korea is part of the orient, doesn't found in europe. Korean folding screen doesn't found neither. Chinoiserie and Japonism are not special to oriental people. It's just customs for them. But europe feel it is special because their customs is not familiar to europe. We have to research about our familiar customs and diffuse it to world. That is our task. So this research will compare symbolic meaning and frame between each country's-korea, china, japan, europe- folding screen at formal concept angle. This research will be a basement data about what we concentrate for find korean's own culture style. Because this research is about folding screen, which stimulate western people's interest and has deep oriental color. Also this research help to make modern explication about korean old tradition.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2013

Printing papers published in between 1950's and 1990's were treated with three methods such as distilled water washing, $CaCO_3$ solution washing and methyl cellulose solution coating for improving their conservational properties. Accelerated aging with $80^{\circ}C$ and 80% RH for 14 days was applied to the testing papers. Results showed that distilled water and $CaCO_3$ washing kept increased pH even after accelerated aging, but did not improve folding endurances for 1950's-60's papers. Methyl cellulose treatment did not increased pH of the old papers, but increased folding endurances remarkably for 1950's-60's papers even after accelerated aging. It suggests that methyl cellulose treatment after $CaCO_3$ washing should give improvements both in pH and folding endurance.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 일반적인 Folding 구조를 이용한 R-String Folding Block과 Second Folding Block을 제안하여 최대 500Msample/s로 동작하는 ADC를 설계하였다. 제안된 Folding ADC의 R-String Folding Block에서는 상위 4bit를 병렬로 처리하여 디지털 출력을 얻어내며, Second Folding Block에서는 하위 4bit를 새로운 pipeline 방식을 통해 디지털 출력을 얻어낸다. HSPICE 시뮬레이션 과정을 통해 ADC 동작을 확인하였으며 최대 샘플링 주파수인 500Msample/s로 동작할 경우의 평균 전력소모는 1.34mW로 매우 작음을 확인하였다. 램프입력을 인가하면서 디지털 출력이 변할 때의 입력전압을 측정하여 DNL과 INL을 구한 결과 DNL은 $-0.56LSB{\sim}0.49LSB$, INL은 $-0.94LSB{\sim}0.72LSB$의 특성을 나타내었다. 사용된 MOSFET 파라미터는 MOSIS에서 제공하는 $0.35{\mu}m$ 공정 파라미터이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.3521-3524
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• 2010

MTH1880 is a hypothetical protein derived from Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, thermophilic methanogen. The solution structure determined by NMR spectroscopy showed that it has a novel $\alpha+\beta$-fold with a highly acidic ligand binding pocket. Since MTH1880 maintains its ultra-stable structural characteristics at both high temperature and pressure, it has been considered as an excellent model for studying protein folding. To initiate the structural and folding study of MTH1880 in proving its unusual stability, we performed the site directed mutagenesis and biochemical analysis of MTH1880 mutants. Data from circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy suggest that the point mutations perturbed the structural stability of protein even though the secondary structure is retained. This study will provide the useful information in understanding the role of participating residues during folding-unfolding process and our result will be used in designing further folding experiments for hyper-thermopile proteins like MTH1880.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2009

The process design of forward Extrusion and Upsetting of Axi-symmetric part has been studied in this paper. During the cold forging product; auto transmission Solenoid Valve part, the defects such as folding and under-fill can be appeared by the improperly controlled metal flow. In this study, to reduce the folding and under-fill the design of experiments has been used to find out the significant design variables in the design of forging process. This paper deals with an Process Planning with which designer can determine operation sequences even after only a little experience in Process Planning of Multi-Former products by multi-stage former working. The approach is based on knowledge-based rules, and a process knowledge-base consisting of design rules is built. Based on the systematic procedure of process sequence design, the forming operation of cold forged auto transmission Solenoid Valve part is analyzed by the commercial Finite Element program, DEFORM/2D.

• 식품기술
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2004

Two mutant enzymes of $\gamma$-glutamylcysteine synthetase ($\gamma$-GCS) which catalyzed the synthesis of $\gamma$-glutamylcysteine from L-glutamic acid and L-cysteine in the presence of ATP, were prepared bypoint mutation of $\gamma$-GCS gene with site-directed mutagensis in E. coli. Conformational structuresand catalytic reaction kinetics of mutant enzymes were compared with wild type $\gamma$-GCS afterpurification. The S495F mutant enzyme (serine at 495 residue was substituted with phenylalanine),which had no catalytic activity for $\gamma$-glutamylcysteine synthesis, rarely folded even in neutral pH.However, the mutant A494V (alanine of 494 residue was replaced by valnine) which showed 50 %increase of activity, had a high folding structure. The folding structure of A494V also more stable athigh temperature and extreme pH compared to wild type and S495F. Reaction kinetics of wild typeand A494V were also investigated, Km value of A494V was smaller than that of wild type, while itshowed a little difference at Vmax values. This result evolved that alanine at 494 may be involved inbinding site of substrate rather than catalytic site. In addition, change of catalytic activity by onepoint mutation was highly correlated with the folding structure of enzyme.