• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.67-88
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• 2016

This study aims to help address concerns about the growing demand of wider bandwidth Internet connection in the Philippines. Using articles and research of international organizations and content from official websites of the Philippine government, this paper has carefully examined the slow Internet connectivity and the high cost that the end-users pay for it. This paper suggests that this inefficiency hampers the motivation of users to innovate in a way that could contribute to inclusive growth and the development of an inclusive information society. Through a comparison of the current global ICT situation with the current situation in the Philippines, this paper shows that the country's Internet infrastructure lags behind among those of contemporary developing countries in Asia, particularly in terms of Internet connectivity. In 2015, Thailand had an average Internet speed of 7.4 Mbps, Sri Lanka 7.4, and Malaysia 4.3. Meanwhile, the Philippines had a meager average Internet speed of 2.8 Mbps, placing the country at 104 among 160 countries, with developed countries in Asia such as South Korea (23.6 Mbps) and Singapore (12.9 Mbps) ranking 1 and 12, respectively. Findings show that the lack of competition in the Internet connectivity market, among other reasons, is at the root of the dilemma of slow and costly Internet connection. Assessing the accomplishments of the Republic of Korea and other broadband-leading countries has provided practical insights and recommendations that can promote competitiveness. Furthermore, related literature argues how ISP practices may affect Internet speed and cost. This study offers an approach in improving Internet connectivity in the Philippines by bridging the gap between the Internet infrastructure market and government policies.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.404-414
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• 2021

Purpose: Health behaviors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevention should be emphasized from early adulthood. There is little information on psychosocial factors associated with health behaviors for MetS prevention. The aim of this study was to determine whether there would be a mediating effect of perceived stress on the association between social support and health behaviors for MetS prevention among university students. Methods: This cross-sectional and correlation study was conducted with 502 university students in South Korea. Social support, perceived stress, and lifestyle evaluation for metabolic syndrome scales were used. Online questionnaire survey was conducted between November and December 2019. The mediating effect of social support on health behaviors for MetS prevention was analyzed using PROCESS macro program with bootstrapping method to test our hypotheses. Results: Social support directly influenced perceived stress (β=-.35, p<.001) and health behaviors for MetS prevention (β=.14, p=.002). Health behaviors for MetS prevention was indirectly influenced by perceived stress (β=-.25, p<.001). The size of indirect effect of social support on health behaviors for MetS prevention was 0.06. Conclusions: The association of social support and health behaviors for MetS prevention was partially mediated by perceived stress among university students. Therefore, a university-based nursing intervention should comprise social support strategies with stress management to promote health behaviors for MetS prevention.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.37-48
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• 2012

Objectives: The economic evaluation of health promotion programs has increasingly become an imperative activity for securing public fund or budget. The purpose of this study is to conduct an economic evaluation for the healthy school canteen program using the contingent valuation method(CVM). Methods: To estimate the benefit from the healthy school canteen program, double-bounded dichotomous choice method as a sort of willingness to pay was employed. Four hundred parents who lived in Seoul and have students at middle or high schools, were administrated by semi-constructive questionnaire containing the necessary information for benefit estimation. Cost estimation of healthy school canteen program was made referring to three types of pilot programs. Finally, the benefit against the cost was worked out according to the three levels of estimated cost. Results: Cost estimate is 8,488 and 9,311 won depending on the two senarios about how to invest on the program, respectably. The results of benefit estimate shows that the average cost willingness to pay(WTP) for healthy school canteen program is 21,275 won(16,963-59,838 won, 95% CI) and total benefits turned out 14.7 billion won. According to the cost-benefit analysis, average benefit-cost ratio is from 2.3 to 3.6. Conclusions: Healthy school canteen program could be economically accepted, and government can take consideration of expanding beneficiaries of healthy school canteen program for health promotion.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.155-176
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• 2012

Economic impact analyses have not been widely conducted in archives. This article reports on a two parallel surveys in the US and Canada to assess the economic impact of government archives (state, provincial, territorial, county, and municipal). The surveys utilize indirect measures of economic impact. Responses from 2,534 people in 66 archives were analyzed. Findings indicate that archives were the primary reason that respondents visited an area and that visitors exhibit specific patterns of visiting the archives in conjunction with other cultural organizations in an area. Furthermore, while many respondents used local eateries, fewer rented lodgings or spent money on theater or sporting events. As a result, the archives participating in this survey did have a modest impact on local economies. The article concludes by discussing three major questions about the evaluation of the economic impact of archives which were raised by the findings: 1) Are indirect measures the most appropriate means of assessing economic impact in archives or should archives employ direct measures as used by public libraries? 2) How should government archives formulate their value proposition and should those value propositions focus on other aspects of archives' impact, such as the social impact, to demonstrate archives' important role in society? and 3) Since visitors exhibited distinct visitation patterns, should archives work more with these other aligned organizations and work on larger forms of collective impact that benefit the entire cultural heritage sector in an area?

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.393-406
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• 2020

The discourse on the lockdown in Indonesia is getting stronger due to the increasing number of positive cases of the coronavirus and the death rate. As of August 12, 2020, the confirmed number of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia reached 130,718. There were 85,798 victims who have recovered and 5,903 who have died. Data show a significant increase in cases of COVID-19 every day. For this reason, there needs to be an evaluation of the government policy of the Republic of Indonesia in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. An evaluation of policies for handling the pandemic must include public opinion to determine any weaknesses of this policy. The development of public opinion about the lockdown policy can be understood through social media. During the COVID-19 pandemic, measuring public opinion through traditional methods (surveys) was difficult. For this reason, we utilized big data on social media as research data. The main purpose of this study is to understand public opinion on the lockdown policy in overcoming the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The things observed included: volume of Twitter users, top influencers, top tweets, and communication networks between Twitter users. For the methodological development of future public opinion research, the researchers outline the obstacles faced in researching public opinion based on big data from Twitter. The research results show that the lockdown policy is an interesting issue, as evidenced by the number of active users (79,502) forming 133,209 networks. Posts about the lockdown on Twitter continued to increase after the implementation of the lockdown policy on April 10, 2020. The lockdown policy has caused various reactions, seen from the word analysis showing 14.8% positive sentiment, 17.5% negative, and 67.67% non-categorized words. Sources of information who have played the roles of top influencers regarding the lockdown policy include: Jokowi (the president of the Republic of Indonesia), online media, television media, government departments, and governors. Based on the analysis of the network structure, it shows that Jokowi has a central role in controlling the lockdown policy. Several challenges were found in this study: 1) choosing keywords for downloading data, 2) categorizing words containing public opinion sentiment, and 3) determining the sample size.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.10
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• pp.1701-1706
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• 2013

Domestic and overseas information with regard to harmful substances are analyzed. From the results, environmental-derived hazard chemicals, which show relatively low recognition, and hazard chemicals that occur unavoidably in food manufacturing process are selected as target harmful substances. Thus, educational leaflet contents were developed based on these substances. To find the effects of education with the above contents, this study surveyed 120 female college students living in Seoul. The purpose of the survey is to analyze the change in recognition, attitude and behavior on hazard chemicals in foods. The survey found that the recognition on harmful substance in foods increased; from 31.5~78.0% before education to 98.8% after education. It also indicates that vague anxiety in which the harmful substances may damage their health decreased by approx. 25.0%; from 77.8% before education to 52.8% after education. For the question of what they would do when government promotes to reduce harmful substances in foods, 12.3% of respondents said that they would actively follow the suggestions and 73.5% of them said that they would do their best before an education. However, 56.1% of them said that they would actively follow the suggestions after the education. It indicates that the ability to recognize harmful substances changed after the education. With regard to consumer behavior, when they knew about the harmful substances in foods, 49.6% of them said that they would select foods after investigating relevant information before the education, while 77.4% of them said that after the education; which is an increase of 27.8%. Further, 45.4% of them said that they would not purchase relevant foods before the education, while 20.9% of them said that after the education; which is a decrease of 24.5%. Therefore, it is considered that vague anxiety of consumers can be eliminated by providing persuasive information on harmful substances. To expand on the communication channel with consumers for food safety, contents development and educational promotion should be enhanced for providing food safety related information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.363-367
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• 2009

From the recent, an big issue of the internet attack is DDoS(Distributed Denial of Service). Some government agencies and companies will buy Anti-DDoS SW for protect their their network system form DDoS attack. But We don't have any objective valuation standard of Anti-DDoS SW. So When you try to buy an Anti-DDoS SW, you can get only subjective Anti-DDoS SW information which from Anti-DDoS SW vender. Anti-DDoS SW market is getting bigger, so market needs objective valuation standard of Anti-DDoS SW for a fair evaluation. In this paper, we describe a part of Anti-DDoS SW performance tests in valuation standard of Anti-DDoS SW.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.95-111
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• 2014

It is essential to carry out an economic analysis on public water supply projects so that policy makers and water enterprises are aware of the actual value of the project. However, many popular approaches based on discounted cash flow analysis do not capture the uncertainties inherent in cash flow. In order to analyze the economic values of the water supply project of local governments, we utilize real option model, which considers uncertainty in future water price behavior and captures the value of real life flexibility. The real option model is designed to incorporate the option to expand and abandon, and it is applied to a local government case. Furthermore, we assess the project by exploring Luehrman's option space to accommodate the more efficient decision making. The results show that substantial amount of potential value is included in the public water supply service, and the overall value is greater than the value obtained from the discounted cash flow model.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.115-125
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• 2004

This research is inquired to the residents in Kimcheon, Kyongsang-Boukdo and in Kangnung, Yangyang, Kangwon-Do. The residents were damaged by typhoon ${\ulcorner}RUSA{\lrcorner}$ in 2002, which occurred the biggest damage in our country's natural disaster. The result of inquiry is arranged in this research. Inquiry contents arrange a current events points through the inquiry. which is about the resident's demand and confrontation caused by a big disaster occurrence; the damage present condition which is caused by typhoon ${\ulcorner}RUSA{\lrcorner},$ the countermeasure condition on damage occurrence, the necessity content of area disaster information, the difficulty factor of damage restoration, the evaluation of the government and relation group's countermeasure which is about typhoon ${\ulcorner}RUSA{\lrcorner},$ the mental and body problem after disaster occurrence. And inquiry contents present the fundamental data for establishing the area prevention of disaster plan hereafter.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.344-354
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• 2002

This study is a fact-finding research to understand the status of visiting nursing services operated by health centers in Korea and it aims to provide basic information for policy development on operation and management of visiting nursing services in health centers. Method: This study investigates the results of visiting nursing services in 242 health centers from Jan. 10 through Dec. 30, 2000, where 3,106 visiting nurses were employed by the public work program. Result: In 2000, 129,401 new household as service recipients was identified and that was 0.9% of Koreas total households (15,137,000), and 5.8% of low income households (2,242,000). The highest high risk group was dementia patients(aver. 55.2/1,000 person). Average number of households visited by visiting nurse were 4.5 households per day and the first-visited houses per visiting nurse were 1.1 households per day. The re-visiting rate was 71.3%. Total 4,059,130 service items were provided and assessment ranked the highest with 33.7%. The satisfaction level of clients on the nurses was an average of 3.17 points in the scale of 4 and the nursing service was a 2.60 points in a scale of 3. Conclusion: Visiting nursing service should continue to provide comprehensive healthcare services in cost-effective ways while cooperating with others