• 대한한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

Objective: There exist gender differences in pulsatile contour waveform. Women have a greater age-related increase in left ventricular mass than do men and more likely to experience symptomatic heart failure after infarction. SDPTG (the second derivative of photoplethysmogram waveform) is a noninvasive method for evaluating the pulse wave and is correlated with age and other risk factors for atherosclerosis. We studied the effect of gender on SDPTG and made clear why the gender differences appear. Methods: To study the effects of effect factors, including height and blood pressure, on SDPTG in the fourth decade, data on height, weight, PTD (pulse transit distance), blood pressure, serum lipid levels, and SDPTG were collected in 115 laboratory healthy men and women. SDPTG is derived from double-differential processing of fingertip photoplethysmography and consists of a, b, c, and d waves in systole and an e wave in diastole; SDPTG aging index (AI) was calculated as (b-c-d-e)/a. Results: There were significant gender-related differences of SDPTG AI, height, and blood pressure. Age, height, and mean blood pressure were respectively and significantly correlated with SDPTG AI. SDPTG is dependent upon age, height, and blood pressure. Restricting analysis to SDPTG AI, age, height, and mean blood pressure, yielded that there were gender-related differences in SDPTG AI (P<0.05) which were derived from those of height (F<0.001, df=l, P=0.994). Conclusions: These new data may help to explain previous findings about age-related differences in pulsatile contour waveforms and why gender differences of SDPTG appear. The results of this study suggest that SDPTG AI, used for evaluation of biological vascular aging, should be calibrated by height as well as age and blood pressure.

• 디자인융복합연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.17-37
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• 2017

본 연구는 고령친화용품 체험공간의 확대 설치를 위한 근거를 파악하기 위해 체험공간에 대한 경험유무에 따른 가상가치를 평가하였다. 추정방법은 고령자 152명을 대상으로 조건부 가치측정 방법인 이중경계형(double-bounded dichotomous choice) 로그로짓모형(log-logistic model)과 로그노말모형(log-normal model)을 적용하였다. 추정결과, 로그로짓모형의 절단평균은 3,401원, 평균은 4,937원으로, 로그노말모형은 절단평균이 3,433원, 평균은 4,144원으로 나타났다. 체험공간이 삶의 질과 산업육성을 위해 필요성이 높음에도 지불의사에 대한 부정적 답변이 많았으며 체험공간의 미경험자가 가치를 상대적으로 높게 평가하였다. 체험공간 추가설치의 문제는 체험공간에 대한 가치평가의 제고뿐만 아니라 복합 기능의 도입, 다양한 고령친화용품 구비, 개인맞춤형 지원, 나아가 접근 편의성과 서비스 수준을 제고해야 할 필요성을 보여주었다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors of the musculoskeletal workload of mid-old-age female caregivers by identifying work postures and subjective symptoms. Method: This study was carried out on a total of 206 subjects 206 mid-old-age caregivers(45~65 years old) from November 2009 to April 2010: 206 mid-old-age caregivers (45~65 years old) at the long-term hospital. A questionnaires survey on general factors and subjective symptoms of subjects was conducted. The risk factors of the musculoskeletal workload evaluation method is based on OWAS, RULA, REBA according to occupation properties. Results: The analysis of the rates of the subjective symptoms showed that 78.6% subjects experience low back pain. The analysis of the work type showed that transfer is the highest rate(36.3%) and position change is the second(18.2%). The analysis of the work postures showed that the thrusted back with twisting position over $20^{\circ}$ is highest rate(37.4%), the bended back forward with twisting position is the second(27.5%). Conclusion: This study suggested that the need of preventive education for caregivers and workload improve. It is hoped that subsequent study on the difference of subjective symptoms between educated caregivers and non educated caregivers will be conducted.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2010

The failure rate model of External Environment Maintenance(EEM) for a system under severe environment is investigated. EEM, which is recently introduced concept, is a maintenance activity controlling external environment factors that potentially cause system failure such as cleaning equipment, controlling temperature (humidity) and removing dust inside of electronic appliances. EEM can not have any influence on the inherent failure rate of a system but reduce the severity of the external environment causing failure since it deals with only external environment factors. Therefore, we propose two failure rate models to express the improvement effect of EEM: The intensity reduction model and age reduction model. The intensity and age reduction models of EEM are developed assuming the quality of improvement effect is proportioned to an extra intensity or age respectively. The validation of proposed failure rate models is performed in order of data generation, parameter estimation and test for goodness-of-fit.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.173-178
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• 1993

기면증의 초발연령은 비교적 균일하여 15세 이전, 보통 30세이후에 발병하는 것으로 알려져있다. 저자는 기면증의 4대 증상인 주간의 과도한 졸리움, 탈력 발작, 수면마비 및 입면환각을 보이며 수면다원 검사에 의해 진단된 11세 남아를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 이를 보고하고자 한다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.529-537
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• 2017

Excessively elevated temperature can lead to cracks in prestressed concrete (PC) continuous bridge with box girder on the pier top at cement hydration age. This paper presents a case study for evaluating the behavior of PC box girder during the early hydration age using a two-stage computational model, in the form of computer program ANSYS, namely, 3-D temperature evaluation and determination of mechanical response in PC box girders. A numerical model considering time-dependent wind speed and ambient temperature in ANSYS for tracing the thermal and mechanical response of box girder is developed. The predicted results were compared to show good agreement with the measured data from the PC box girder of the Zhaoshi Bridge in China. Then, based on the validated numerical model three parameters were incorporated to analyze the evolution of the temperature and stress within box girder caused by cement hydration heat. The results of case study indicate that the wind speed can change the degradation history of temperature and stress and reduce peak value of them. The initial casting temperature of concrete is the most significant parameter which controls cracking of PC box girder on pier top at cement hydration age. Increasing the curing temperature is detrimental to prevent cracking.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-45
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• 1989

This study aims at helping cerebrally palsied children to overcome and minimize their sufferings, inducing them to perform ordinary activities of daily living for themselves by coducting ADL Tests which are fundamental activities in daily life and presenting treatment plan for their overall rehabilitation and basic data for achieving the training objective. For that purpose, 173 cerebrally palsied children were selected and given ADL performance Tests from Dec. 1987 to Oct. 1988 and the following results were obtained. 1. Correlation coefficients for each ADL category indicated significant statistical value at .01 level. 2. Correlation coefficient between school-year variable and ADL category variable was significant at .01 level. 3. Correlation between age variable and ADL variable category proved significant at .01 level as well. 4. Correlation coefficients between each category in terms of functional state of extremities were significant at .01 level. 5. The difference in ADL achievements between each category by school year were as follows ; 1) In the category of meeting nature's tall, the age span of more than 4 school years showed statistical significance. 2) In the category of putting off and on clothing, the age span of 3 school years indicated statistical significance. 3) In taking meals statistical significance was found in the age span of 4 school years. 4) In finger movements the age span of more the 4 school years indicated statistical significance. 5) In walking activities statistical significance was noticed in the age span of 2 or 3 school years. Besides, in category by school year, and exceptional case was noticed that the 6th graders were lower than the 5th graders in self-reliance rate. 6. the difference in ADL achievements by type of palsy, children of triplegia were the lowest, while those of monoplegia were the highest. 7. The difference in ADL achievements by kind of palsy, patients of athetosis showed lower rate of self-reliance than those of spasticity, and particularly the latter showed a high rate of self-reliance in taking meals$(83.5\%)$. The former were relatively low in self-reliance and lowerst in meeting nature's call $(59.8\%)$.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.258-269
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• 2023

This study was conducted to identify the nutrition literacy levels of Korean adults and the associated influencing factors. A total of 770 adults aged 19-64 years participated in online surveys and individual interviews conducted according to age groups from May to October 2021. The results of the evaluation of the nutrition literacy levels showed that the average correct answer rate among the participants was 78.7%. Nutrition literacy levels were found to be high in females, lower age groups, metropolis residents, those with high monthly incomes, and those with a bachelor's degree or higher. Multiple regression analysis showed that males, higher age groups, and rural area residents had a negative correlation with nutrition literacy compared with that of females, lower age groups, and metropolis residents. A more positive correlation was observed in those with higher monthly incomes and educational degrees. In the future, experts should monitor whether the nutritional information transmitted through various forms of media is correct or incorrect, and specific measures should be taken to enhance nutrition literacy to promote the health and nutrition management of Korean adults.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2010

최근 장스팬 구조물의 건설이 증가하면서 슬래브의 시공도중 처짐 문제가 중요한 이슈 중의 하나로 대두되고 있다. 특히, 건축물의 경우 골조공기를 단축하기 위하여 콘크리트의 소요강도가 발현되기 이전에 거푸집을 조기 탈형함으로써 구조물의 품질저하를 초래하고 있다. 이러한 시공하자를 없애고 공기단축을 실현하기 위해서는 콘크리트의 조기 재령에서의 강도 및 강성 발현에 관한 연구를 수행하여 재령에 따른 강도 및 탄성계수 발현 모델의 구축이 필요하다. 기존의 설계기준에서 제시하고 있는 콘크리트 모델은 미성숙단계인 조기재령 콘크리트의 역학적 특성을 제대로 반영하지 못한다는 연구결과들이 있다. 따라서, 이 연구에서는 조기 재령에서의 재령에 따른 콘크리트의 재료실험을 수행하였다. 실험 결과를 바탕으로 기존 국내외 설계기준에서 제시하고 있는 강도 및 탄성계수 제안식의 적합성을 평가하며, 최종적으로 조기재령에서의 콘크리트 강도와 강성간의 발현 관계 모델을 구축함으로써, 향후 공기단축 공법의 개발 및 슬래브 처짐에 따른 하자를 방지할 수 있는 초기 재료 모델을 제시하도록 하였다. 재료실험은 재령 1, 3, 7, 14, 28일에 실시하였으며, 총 159개의 실린더형 공시체의 실험 결과를 분석하여 콘크리트의 조기재령에서 압축강도와 탄성계수 간의 상관관계를 제안하였다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.631-640
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• 2009

This study aim to identify preference of main and side dishes of 681 children who lived in Seoul and Gyoung-gi (Incheon) in 2007. To accomplish this, we divided the children into three age groups, an infancy group (below 6 years of age), a middle years group (between 7 and 12 years of age) and a juvenile group (above 12 years of age). Specifically, 145 children were in the infancy group (boys 68, girls 77), 300 children were in middle years group (boys 138, girls 162) and 236 children were in juveniles group (boys 131, girls 105). The average body mass index (BMI) of the parents of the respondents appeared to be normal, and the majority of the parents had bachelor degrees. Across all age groups, most fathers were office workers and most mothers were housewives. The preference for staple foods showed that the infancy group and the middle years group preferred rice the most, while the juvenile group preferred stir-fried rice the most out of 5 grain items. Evaluation of the preference for different types of noodles showed that both boys and girls from the infancy group preferred jajangmyun, while those in the middle years group and the juvenile group preferred spaghetti. For breads, both boys and girls from the infancy group had the highest preference for cake, while boys and girls in the middle years group and boys in the juvenile group preferred pizza the most, and girls from juvenile group preferred cake the most. Evaluation of the preference for soups and pot stew revealed that both boys and girls in the infancy group preferred seaweed soup, while boys from middle years group preferred seol-long-tang and girls from middle years group preferred seaweed soup. Boys and girls from the juvenile group preferred seol-long-tang the most. For hard-boiled foods and stir-fried foods, members of all age groups preferred beef boiled in soy sauce the most and hard-boiled peppers the least. Finally, comparison of the preference for roasted foods, seasoned vegetables and kimchi revealed that the infancy group preferred roasted seaweed the most and that both the middle years and juvenile group had the greatest preference for roasted galbi.