• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.273-276
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• 2008

As the rapid and various changing of social aspects, the structures are getting bigger, higher and more complex. The importance of evacuation is on the rise as increased using frequency of multiplex sale facility and it's high population density. According to the result of a survey with 4 domestic wholesales mart's population density, the average and maximum was 0.41(人/$m^2$) and 0.46(人/$m^2$). considering evacuation dangerousness, the maximum value will be suitable for computation of evacuation capacity and this will be submitted as a basic data for computation of evacuation capacity.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2000

With the "Fire Protection Building Plan" of the Building Center of Japan as a sample, actual evacuation plans used for large scaled and multi-storied buildings are analyzed. Sufficient number of samples were classified into 6 categories. For room evacuation, time to pass through the exit was the most critical point for larger spaces and movement time in the room was the key for smaller evacuation object zone and less number of evacuees. Seen from the location of fire breakout point, it was witnessed that the numbers of crowding at the exits of the fire escape staircase are serious for floor level evacuation. For vertical traffic line, it was actually proved that time to fire escaping floor is problem of higher buildings. It was also proved that special evacuation methods are in practical use in many buildings in japan.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.159-166
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• 2012

A*algorithm is highly useful to search the shortest route to the destination in the evacuation simulation. For this reason, A*algorithm is used to evaluate the evacuation experiment by the computer simulation. However there are some problems to analyze the outcome in relation to the reality. Because all the people in the building are not well-informed of the shortest route to the exit. And they will not move to the disaster spot though it is shortest route to the exit. Therefore, evacuation simulation program based on A*algorithm raise a problem of bottleneck phenomenon and dangerous result by damage surrounding the disaster spot. The purpose of this research is to prove the necessity for dispersion evacuation simulation by Multi agent system to solve the problems of the existing evacuation simulation program based on A*algorithm.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.184-196
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• 2021

This study, in order to evaluate the safety of evacuation by comparing and analyzing the RSET according to the slope change of the ramp, which is a vertical evacuation route in case of fire in a high school building, Evacuation simulation was run the Pathfinder program changed the slope of the ramp to 10°, 15°, and 20° for each male students and female students. In the case of female students, it was analyzed that when the final RSET slope was 15°, 25.7 seconds were shorter than when 10°, and 4.2 seconds were shorter than when 20°. Male students also found that when the final RSET slope was 15°, 23.8 seconds were shorter than when 10°, and 5.4 seconds shorter than when 20°. It was analyzed that even if the number of participants was increased and the evacuation simulation was executed, the safety of evacuation could be improved when the slope of the slope is 15° as the RSET when the slope of the slope is 15° is shorter than that of 10° and 20°.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.6
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• pp.846-852
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• 2022

Objective : Traumatic intracranial hematomas have been rarely evacuated by endoscopic surgery. The frontal lobe is the usual location for the traumatic intracerebral hematoma (TICH). Endoscopic evacuation for the frontal TICHs via an eyebrow incision is to be presented as minimally invasive surgery. Methods : Thirteen patients with frontal TICHs were managed with endoscopic hematoma evacuation via eyebrow incision. After making the incision in the lateral eyebrow, a small frontal craniotomy was made, and the hematoma was evacuated under direct visualization of a rigid endoscope. No catheter was placed. Orbital rim resection, hematoma evacuation rate, surgical complications, and outcome at discharge were analyzed. Results : Men were 11 and the mean age was 54 years old (range, 27-86). Orbitotomy was performed in four patients, and no effect on the hematoma evacuation rate was observed. More than 80% of the hematoma volume was successfully removed in 10 cases. Hematoma configuration was not related to the hematoma evacuation rate. None of the patients underwent revision operation or decompressive craniectomy. Conclusion : Endoscopic evacuation of the TICHs with the supraorbital approach may be a good method to evacuate the hematoma located in the frontal base.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10b
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• pp.85-89
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• 1992

This report his discussed emergency evacuation in hotel fires and proposed an integrated system of emergency evacuation. By using "A New Type of the Computerized Emergency Evacuation System" all guests will be able to quickly and safety escapes the fire. the fire.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.469-481
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• 2022

This study is for increasing evacuation safety by analyzing RSET(the required safe escape time) through the arrangement of personnel by floor and by room while evacuating in a Girls' High School Dormitory. For this study, PAPS(Physical Activity Promotion System) results that have not been studied so far were analyzed and reflected in evacuation simulations on the premise that individual student's physical strength can affect evacuation. Based on the PAPS results, four scenarios were applied. In addition, evacuation simulation using the pathfinder program was conducted in two situations: the evacuation route was assigned or not. Scenario 4 was the fastest at 168.5 seconds of RSET in assigning evacuation routes among scenarios. As a result of this study, the arrangement of students focusing on improving their academic ability and student life guidance excluding student physical strength has problem. In order to solve this problem, it is effective to place C group students(low grade on PAPS) on low floors and A group students(high grade on PAPS) on high floors and to assign evacuation routes in each room. In the future, the following ways need to be more studied. A study on how to increase evacuation safety through practical evacuation training, the way of assessing evacuation safety reflecting the lifestyle and physical strength of girls, the evacuation route assignment according to the fire occurrence point, and the method to secure evacuation routes in the event of a fire near stairs or entrances should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.1319-1327
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• 2008

There has been a lot of research on the creation of emergency evacuation simulators for analyzing the evacuation behaviors. However, it is remarkable that there are very few research on the characteristic of the behavior pattern in crowing, especially the evacuation time delay caused by the collisions and falling-downs, etc. In addition, it is necessary to point out the lack of the research on specifying the location where the collisions and the falling-downs take places. This research aims at creating an emergency evacuation simulator which takes the characteristic of the behavior pattern in crowing - collisions, falling downs, etc - into account. We are also hoping that it will be possible to provide more accurate and useful data ffr emergency evacuation system design through using this simulator.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.293-298
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• 2010

The residential comfort and safety on ship are more focused than ever, in accordance with the increase of the crews' onboard time and interest in cruiser sailing. To grasp the safety characteristics on ships against various scenarios of evacuations, this study performed experiments and simulations for the evacuation times on a training ship. Through the experiments, the average walking speed is 3.0m/s on 100% visibility, and 1.2m/s on 8% visibility, but the speeds go down 1.3m/s and 0.7m/s, respectively, when obstacles are happened without any previous notification. From the simulation, it is clearly reconfirmed that the worse visibility and many people make evacuation time comparatively longer. And unlike the common expectation of the effect of emergency announcement, the difference of evacuation times between cases of announcement and non-announcement is negligible on this study. From the survey after experiments, it is known that experiment participants feel unsafe and fear when the evacuation routes are longer in bad visible condition, even if they know the perfect evacuation route. And the survey results also show that the evacuees give more careful consideration to make a evacuation route decision under bad visibility.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.309-314
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• 2002

The effect of mold density and evacuation on surface defect of high chromium cast iron upon EPC process was investigated. Under evacuation of $0.1{\sim}0.3$ atm, surface defects were carbon defect, burn on and misrun. Carbon defect was augmented by increasing mold density from 0.011 g/$cm^3$ to 0.03 g/$cm^3$ under evacuation of $0.1{\sim}0.3$ atm, but carbon defect was decreased by increasing evacuation from 0.1 to 0.3 atm. Burn-on wasn't found under evacuation of 0.1 atm regardless of mold density, but burn-on was augmented by increasing evacuation from 0.2 to 0.3 atm and decreased by reducing mold density. Misrun was only found under 0.1 atm evacuation and 0.011 g/$cm^3$ mold density.