• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.52-55
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• 2002

A extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma is a very rare disease, and a primary pleural manifestation is extremely rare. A diagnosis of a small cell carcinoma should be based on the cell morphology, histological pattern, and an immunohistochemical study. We recently experienced a case of small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the pleura in a 59-year-old man who had suffered from right pleuritic chest pain. A histopathological confirmation of SCC was made by a video-associated thoracoscopic lung biopsy. Systemic chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin was initiated.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.550-553
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• 2015

A 67-year-old male presented with left temporal hemianopsia and left hemiparesis. A contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance image revealed a $4.5{\times}3.5{\times}5.0cm$ rim-enhancing mass with central necrosis and associated edema located in the left occipital lobe. Of positron emission tomography and abdominal computed tomography, a 9-cm mass with poor enhancement was found in the right hepatic lobe. Craniotomy and right hemihepatectomy was performed. The resected specimen showed histological features and immunochemical staining consistent with a metastatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Four months later, the tumors recurred in the brain, liverand spinal cord. Palliative chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin led to complete remission of recurred lesions, but the patient died for pneumonia. This is the first case of a metastatic brain NET originating from the liver. If the metastatic NET of brain is suspicious, investigation for primary lesion should be considered including liver.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.536-541
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• 1996

Between June 1988 and June 1994, twenty five patients with locAlly advanced esophageal carcinoma received preoperative chemotherapy (Cisplatln, 5-Fluorouracil with or without Etoposide) and followed by resection. All patients had clinical evidence of airway involvement or distant Iymphnode involve- ment (M 1 Iymphnode) on bronchoscopy or computed tomographic scans. The major response rate to chemotherapy decided by the postoperative stage was 48% (12125). The resection rate was 92% (23/25) with overall complete resection rate of 72% (18125). Two patients had exploratory laparotomy (thorn- cotomy) only. Thirteen patients had esophagogastrostomy with a combined abdominl and Rt. thoracic approach (Ivor Lewis operation), slx pAtients had transhiatal esophagectomy, four patients had esophagogastrostomy with a combined Rt. thoracotonly & abdominal, cervical approach. There were three postoperative deaths (12%). Follow-up duration was between 3.3 months to 65 months. Median survival ime of resected patients except hospital death was 14.8 months. Actuarial survival at 12, 24 months was 72.9%, 26.2%. Signifi- cant better survival was associated with responder group (postoperative stage less than lIB) (P=0.029). These results demonstrate that 1) Preoperative Cisplatin based combined chemotherapy Produce high response rate, 2) High complete resection rate with acceptable mortality rate occur after preoperative chemotherapy, 3) Better surviL dl can be anticipated if complete resection performed after major re- sponse to preoperative chemotherapy.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.342-347
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• 1996

Doxorubicin, one of the clinically most useful anticancer agents, is used alone or in combination with other drugs against a wide variety of tumors, recently. But cancer cells developed resistance to this agent in many ways. This resistance is an important limiting factor of doxorubicin for anticancer drug. We newly established doxorubicin-resistant HCT15/CL02 subline from parental HCT15 human adenocarcinoma colon cancer cells. HCT15/CL02 revealed resistance to doxorubicin about 85-fold of its parental cells, and it also revealed cross-resistance to actinomycin D, etoposide and vinblastine but not to displatin and tamoxifen. And verapamil, a reversal agent of multidrug-resistance (MDR) by P-glycoprotein, elevated the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin against both HCT15 and GCT15/CL02 cells. But the relative resistant rate was not reduced. Verapamil had no effects on the tosicity of cisplatin to the both cell lines. These results indicate that HCT15/CL02 cells have some functionally complex mechanisms for MDR.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제78권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2015

Primary thymic adenocarcinoma is a very rare malignancy of the anterior mediastinum with no standardized treatment. A 36-year-old male patient presented with hoarseness over the past 3 months. A chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed an infiltrative mass to the proximal vessels and aortic arch in left upper mediastinum ($4.1{\times}3.1{\times}5.4cm$). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed focal lesions, suggesting metastasis in the left frontal lobe. A thoracoscopic biopsy of the mediastinal mass confirmed a primary thymic adenocarcinoma forming a glandular structure with atypia of tumor cells. The patient received four cycles of systemic chemotherapy, consisting of etoposide and cisplatin, with concurrent radiotherapy (6,000 cGy/30 fractions) to the mediastinal lesion and the metastatic brain lesion (4,200 cGy/12 fractions). A follow-up chest CT scan and brain MRI showed a decrease in the size of the left upper mediastinal mass and brain lesion. We report a rare case of the primary thymic adenocarcinoma with a literature review.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2022

Objective: This case report represented that Korean traditional medicine therapies can make effective results for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN) patients. Methods: A 63-year-old female patient has been diagnosed with ovarian cancer(Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor). Total excision of uterus and appendages was operated, and Bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin combination therapy was applied. After three cycles of chemotherapy, the severe side effects of neutropenia and CIPN occurred. Chemotherapy was terminated, but numbness and tingling pains in the limbs persisted for several months. We provided Korean medicine treatments including herbal medicine, pharmacopuncture, acupuncture, moxibustion and physiotherapies. Results: After treatments, the numbness and pain were reduced from 10 to 1 in hand and 6 to 0 on the numeric rating scale(NRS). Functional assessment of cancer therapy/Gynecologic oncology group neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-NTX) score was improved from 58 to 97. Conclusion: According to these results, Korean medicine treatments could be considered effective for CIPN. Prospective studies are needed to confirm and expand these findings.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.186-190
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• 2005

목 적 : 두개 내 생식 세포종 환자를 진단 시 저위험군 및 고 위험군으로 분류하여 화학요법의 강도에 차이를 두어 치료 반응 및 독성을 관찰하고자 하였다. 방 법 : 2002년 10월부터 2003년 12월까지 삼성서울병원에서 두개 내 생식 세포종으로 진단되고 화학요법으로 먼저 치료한 소아 환자 14례를 대상으로 하였다. 배아 세포종이면서 AFP가 정상이고 beta-hCG가 50 mIU/mL 이하이면 저위험군, 그 외에는 고위험군으로 분류하였다. 화학요법은 저위험군의 경우(cisplatin $20mg/m^2/day$ on days 0-4, 42-46; VP-16 $100mg/m^2/day$ on days 0-4, 42-46; cyclophosphamide $1g/m^2/day$ on days 21-22, 63-64; vincristine $1.5mg/m^2/day$ on day 21, 28, 35, 63, 70, 77)에 비해 고위험군에서는 cisplatin과 cyclophosphamide의 용량을 두 배로 사용하였다. 화학요법 종결 후 방사선 치료를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 진단 방법으로 생검 10례, 아전절제 2례, 부분절제 1례, 종양 호르몬의 상승으로만 진단한 경우가 1례였다. 진단 시 중앙연령은 11.6세(1.2-18.7세)였고 고위험군 9례, 저위험군 5례였다. 7례(50%)에서 요붕증이 동반되었다. 종양 호르몬의 상승을 보였던 10례 모두 화학요법 후 정상화되었으며, 저위험군 중4례(80%)와 고위험군 중 7례(77.8%)가 화학요법에 완전반응을 보였다. 화학요법 후 부분반응 상태였던 3례 중 2례는 방사선 치료 후 완전관해에 도달하였고 고위험군 1례는 방사선 치료 전이차 수술을 시행하여 원발 종양은 제거되었으나 척수에 재발하여 구제요법을 시행 중이다. 저위험군 4례(80%)와 고위험군 전예에서 감염증으로 인하여 2-4회의 입원이 필요하였다. 고위험군 9례 중 4례(44.4%)에서 이명과 청력장애 증상이 발생하였고 치료 종결 후에도 지속되었다. 이 중 3례에서는 감각신경성 난청으로 진행되었다. 청력장애를 보인 4례 중 3례는 요붕증이 동반된 환자였다. 1례를 제외한 13례가 정중 추적 기간 13.9개월(8.1-22.3개월)간 무사건 생존 중이다. 결 론 : 고용량의 cisplatin을 근간으로 한 치료 방법으로 고위험군에서도 고무적인 치료 반응을 유도할 수 있었다. 그러나 치료 독성의 빈도가 높아 치료 방침의 수정이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the association between adenosine triphosphate-based chemotherapy response assays (ATP-CRAs) and subsets of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: In total, 15 gastric cancer tissue samples were obtained from gastrectomies performed between February 2007 and January 2011. Chemotherapy response assays were performed on tumor cells from these samples using 11 chemotherapeutic agents, including etoposide, doxorubicin, epirubicin, mitomycin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin, irinotecan, docetaxel, paclitaxel, methotrexate, and cisplatin. TILs in the tissue samples were evaluated using antibodies specific for CD3, CD4, CD8, Foxp3, and Granzyme B. Results: The highest cancer cell death rates were induced by etoposide (44.8%), 5-FU (43.1%), and mitomycin (39.9%). Samples from 10 patients who were treated with 5-FU were divided into 5-FU-sensitive and -insensitive groups according to median cell death rate. No difference was observed in survival between the two groups (P=0.216). Only two patients were treated with a chemotherapeutic agent determined by an ATP-CRA and there was no significant difference in overall survival compared with that of patients treated with their physician's choice of chemotherapeutic agent (P=0.105). However, a high number of CD3 TILs was a favorable prognostic factor (P=0.008). Pearson's correlation analyses showed no association between cancer cell death rates in response to chemotherapeutic agents and subsets of TILs. Conclusions: Cancer cell death rates in response to specific chemotherapeutic agents were not significantly associated with the distribution of TIL subsets.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.122-132
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• 1995

Teratoma contains elements derived from all three embryonic germ layers and mature teratomas are entirely composed of mature differentiated tissues, while immature types always contain additional embryonic tissues of variable degree of immaturity, especially neuroepithelial elements. Twenty cases of teratoma in infancy and childhood were reviewed and the clinical features and pathologic findings including PCNA expression were studied. Sacrococcygeal teratomas were the most common type(45%), followed by retroperitoneal and ovarian teratomas. There was a predilection of females in a ratio of 4:1 and age distribution was most prevalent below the first year of age(45%). But in ovarian teratomas, the age at diagnosis was above 4 years of age in all cases. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were checked in 18 cases. In all mature teratomas and 1 of 5 immature teratomas, the levels were normal. But in 4 of 5 immature teratomas, the serum levels were elevated and progressively declined to normal range after mass excision. Radiologically, calcifications in tumor were found in 60.0% of teratomas and was higher in mature teratomas(69.2%) than immature teratomas(42.9%). Immunohistochemical staining for PCNA(proliferating cell nuclear antigen) was done in 16 cases and PCNA expression was higher in grade III immature teratomas than grade I and II. The operative modes were complete mass excisions. Five immature teratomas were treated with multiagent PEB(Bleomycin, Etoposide, Cisplatin) adjuvant chemotherapy, 3 tolerated well without significant complications, but in one case, severe bone marrow suppression was developed and died of sepsis. In conclusion, grade III immature teratoma showed higher PCNA expression than mature or lower grade immature teratoma, which suggests that chemotherapy after surgical excision may be effective modality for grade III immature teratoma. We think, however, multicenter study is necessary because of low incidence of immature teratoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2018

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes according to radiation dose in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Materials and Methods: From January 2006 to December 2015, 38 patients with LS-SCLC were treated with CCRT with etoposide and cisplatin. Total radiation doses ranged from 45 Gy to 66 Gy (1.8-2 Gy/fraction) and were classified into three groups: 45-54 Gy, 60-63 Gy, and 66 Gy. The impact of radiation dose on survival outcomes were evaluated. Toxicities were evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03. Results: The median follow-up period was 21 months. The 2-year overall survival (OS) and local failure-free survival (LFFS) rates were 45.8% and 67.5%, respectively. The 2-year LFFS rates were 33.3% for 45-54 Gy group, 68.6% for 60-63 Gy group, and 87.1% for 66 Gy group (p = 0.014). In multivariate analysis, radiation dose was a significant factor for LFFS (p = 0.015). Although radiation dose was not a significant factor for OS and disease-free survival (DFS) in multivariate analysis, both OS and DFS of 66 Gy group tended to be better than that of 45-63 Gy group in univariate analysis. However, there were no differences in severe toxicities among three groups. Conclusion: Higher radiation dose achieved better local control in patients with LS-SCLC treated with CCRT. In addition, a total dose of 66 Gy tended to improve OS and DFS.