• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.297-301
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• 2007

In this work, polymer/(layered silicate) nanocomposites (PLSN) based on poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), ethylene carbonate (EC) as a plasticizer, lithium salt ($LiClO_4$), and sodium montmorillonite ($Na^+-MMT$) or organic montmorillonite (organic MMT) clay were fabricated. And the effects of organic MMT on the polymer matrix were investigated as a function of ionic conductivity. For the application to electrolytes an Li batteries, polymer electrolytes containing the organic nanoclays were used in this work. As a result, the spacing between layers and hydrophobicity of the organic nanoclays were increased, affecting on the exfoliation behaviors of the MMT layers in clay/PEO nanocomposites. From ion-conductivity results, the organic-MMT showed higher values than those of $Na^+-MMT$, and the MMT-20A sample that was treated by methyl dihydrogenated tallow ammonium, showed the highest conductivity in this system.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.759-764
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• 2001

In order to obtain PEO with reduced crystallinity, novel PEO derivatives containing carbonate linkages in the main chain have been synthesized by the reaction of various molecular weight poly (ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) in the presence of $H_2SO_4$ to yield methyl carbonate terminated PEGs, followed by condensation reaction under vacuum in the presence of titanium isopropoxide (TiP) catalyst. The number average molecular weight of PEGs used was in the range of 200 and 600 g/mol. The structure and compositions of the resulting polymers were characterized by $^1$H-NMR and $^{13}C-NMR$. Their thermal behavior and molecular weight were characterized by DSC/TGA and GPC, respectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.683-687
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• 2002

We have investigated the effect of the number of ethylene oxide (EO) units inside poly(ethylene glycol)dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) on the ionic conductivity of its gelled polymer electrolyte, whose content ranges from 50 to 80 wt%. PEGDMA gelled polym er electrolytes, a crosslinked structure, were prepared using simple photo-induced radical polymerization by ultraviolet light. The effect of the number of EO on the ionic conductivity was clearly shown in samples of lower liquid electrolyte content. We have concluded that the ionic conductivity increased in proportion to both the number of EO units and the plasticizer content. We have also studied the electrochemical properties of 13PEGDMA (number of EO units is 13) gelled polymer electrolyte.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.82-85
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to research and develop solid polymer electrolyte(SPE) for Li secondary battery. This paper describes effects of plasticizer addition and temperature dependence of conductivity of these PEO electrolytes. Adding propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate to PEO-LiClO$_4$electrolyte, its conductivity was higher than PEO-LiClO$_4$ itself. Steady state current method and AC impedance used for the determination of transference number in PEO electrolyte film. The transference number of PEO$\_$8/LiClO$_4$PC$\_$5/EC$\_$5/ polymer electrolyte film is 0.45 at 60$^{\circ}C$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.748-751
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• 1994

Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) in aqueous solutions has a hydrophobic character which can induce the hydrophobic interaction between its nonpolar parts. The hydrophobic properties of aqueous PEO solutions are studied by the viscometry in terms of the water structure-making and -breaking capabilities of added solutes of ureas. The results show that the contracted conformation of PEO of low molecular weight, namely poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), does not result from the hydrophobic interaction between the nonpolar parts of PEO but it can participate in a hydrophobic interaction between the nonpolar parts of PEO and added ureas solutes with nonpolar groups, which can induce a large hydrodynamic volume and increase the viscosity. On the other hand, the PEO of large molecular weight seems to behave like any other water soluble polymers with nonpolar parts and its conformation in aqueous solutions is well explained in terms of water structure perturbing capabilities of added ureas.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.353-359
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• 2002

High intensity ultrasound has been applied to a series of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/water systems having different molecular weights of PEO. Major interest was focused on the effect of ultrasonic wane on the melt viscosity chemical structure and thermal properties of PEO. The expected role of ultrasound used in this study was to generate macroradicals of PEO chains by the formation and subsequent collapse of bubbles. It was found that the melt viscosity and chemical structure of PEO change significantly depending on the sonication time. For the prolonged sonication, PEO chains were significantly degraded and new end groups were formed by the interplay of various radical species. When the molecular weight of PEO was relatively higher, the crystallization rate was decreased and the intensity of the melting peak was reduced.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.773-776
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• 2009

In this paper, new concept of the diesel fuel processing is introduced for the stable operation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Heavier hydrocarbons than $CH_4$, such as ethylene, ethane, propane, and etc., induce the carbon deposition on anode of SOFCs. In the reformate of heavy hydrocarbons (diesel, gasoline, kerosene, and JP-8), concentration of ethylene is usually higher than low hydrocarbons such as ethane, propane, and butane. So, removal of low hydrocarbons (over C1-hydrocarbons), especially ethylene, at the reformate gases is important for stable operation of SOFCs. New methodology as named "post-reformer" is introduced for removing the low hydrocarbons at the reformate gas stream. Catalyst of the NECS-PR4 is selected for post-reforming catalyst because the catalyst of NECS-PR4 shows the high selectivity for removing low hydrocarbons and achieving the high reforming efficiency. The diesel reformer and post-reformer are continuously operated for about 200 hours as integrated mode. The reforming performance is not degraded and low hydrocarbons in the diesel reformate are completely removed.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2002

Poly (ethylene oxide)/polylatide/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO/PL/PEO) tri-block copolymers, which each block is connected by ester bond, were synthesized by coupling reaction of PL with PEO in the presence of pyridine. PL/PEO/PL tri-block copolymer was synthesized by ring opening polymerization of L-lactide initiated by PEO in the presence of stannous octoate. Degradation behavior of the copolymers was investigated in a pH 7.4 phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at 37$\pm$1 $^{\circ}C$. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and $^1$H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to monitor the change of mass loss, molecular weight and composition of copolymers. In hydrolytic degradation, the PEO/PL/PEO tri-block copolymer with high PEO contents affected the increase of its mass loss, and resulted in the decrease of its molecular weight as well as PEO composition. However, when PL/PEO/PL and PEO/PL/PEO tri-block copolymers had similar PEO contents, PEO/PL/PEO decreased faster in molecular weight and PEO composition than PL/PEO/PL.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.221-226
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• 2008

Novel synthetic routes were proposed for hydroxy-terminated Poly(EO-co-THF) by Cationic ring-opening copolymerization of Tetrahydrofuran(THF) and Ethylene oxide(EO). It was carried out using Boron trfluoride tetrahydrofuranate($BF_3$ THF complex) as catalyst in the presence of 1,4-butandiol. The resultant products are well-defined linear polyetherpolyol. Polyurethane(TPU) were prepared using resultant polyetherpolyol with IPDI/N-100 as curing agent and TPB(Triphenylbismuth) /MA(Maleic anhydride) mixture as cure catalyst. Mechanical properties of TPU prepared from poly(EO-co-THF) polyol were investigated and compared with polyurethane using ATK HTPE.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.61-70
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• 2002

A fire extinguishing agent containing non-ionic surfactant which is environmentally friendly and low cost was prepared and tested its characteristics and fire fighting performance. Ethoxylated sorbitol septaoleate, containing 40 moles of ethylene oxide as the primary surfactant, linear ethoxylated secondary alcohol, containing 7-11 moles ethylene oxide as the secondary surfactant, and ethoxylated sorbitol trioleate, containing 40-50 moles of ethylene oxide were used in the agent. It is demonstrated that the water solution containing 6 wt％ agent is capable to extinguish gasoline fire when it is put into the fire four times as much as gasoline. According to the field test of class B fire with a unit 1, it is found that the fire fighting performance is directly proportional to the concentration of surfactant in the agent.