• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.473-488
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• 2012

This study examines the origin of dolls as well as how the role and types of various dolls have changed in a comparison of the functions of dolls before and after $20^{th}$ century. In addition, this study analyzes symbolic characteristics appearing in doll costumes. First, doll costumes (used in child play) represent sexual roles and various role models that are taught to children. Second, they reflect the fashion trends of that time and appear in the most beautiful forms that pursue the ideals of the time where doll costumes symbolize the latest fashion of the time. Third, the culture of doll costumes symbolizes cultural identity that show native customs, art, culture, and ethnic characteristics. Lastly, a mania society for dolls and collector groups are formed that share individual sensitivity. Members of those groups have feelings of solidarity and homogeneity through doll costumes that they have decorated and expressed themselves that show the reinforcement of a group by doll costumes.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2009년 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.321-326
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• 2009

For building an urban image, various elements such as symbolic building, ethnic characteristics, historical background, natural environment, and diverse cultural elements can influence on it. Many cities in developed countries are showing their unique urban image reflecting their own culture, history, and aesthetic tastes. Especially color, one of the major design elements, has greater impact than other visual factors to form an urban characteristic. Despite the long history and cultural background, Seoul as a capital city of Korea does not show an unique city image with the perspective of color. Recently, Seoul has been designated as '2010 World Design Capital' and implements various urban design projects. As a leading city of design, Seoul is trying to make its urban identity through the own symbolic environment color. The purpose of this study is to find an environmental color scheme for developing a desirable urban design through several cases of foreign countries. For the purpose, Paris, London, Amsterdam, and Tokyo were selected as case cities. Each of the cities showed their own cultural characteristics and made their unique urban image by appropriate usage of their natural environment, symbolic building, emblem of country, and so on. We need to consider these successful cases to build up the image of Seoul.

• 복식
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• 제24권
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• pp.103-120
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• 1995

The Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region to from the most of Eastern turkistan is located at North-wetern part of China, and it is the center to form the famous silk-road historically. In th exinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region there are 47 nationalities. In this study, the researcher studied the historical background, and the traditional culture about dress sand ornaments of 4 nationalities (that is Uighur, Kazakh, Kirgiz and Tajik). The results of the present study are as follows : In the basic structure of traditional costume by races, there is not big difference. Then , in men , the trousers and the shirts of funic type become the basis with the style which is convenient to act. And , to wear vest , or jacket , or chanban, over it makes a little difference . In women also, same structure shows with the form to wear vest or outerwear, on the basis of one piece. But , in a small hat, heat wear, color contrast, and decoration element etc. , strict difference is showing. After all, they show very similar clothing life culture basically in natural environment, religion , and life habit etc. But, the discrimination is made in the detailed side. So , it can be said that they show the conservative nature of nationalities, and have preserved the unigue identity of their own culture.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 2003

This study was aimed at analyzing how the dualism of hippie style in the modern retro-fashion, namely, the neo hippie style and the hippie chic style were expressed. For this study, domestic & foreign fashion magazines, preceding theses, literatures, an encyclopedia, and Internet sites were reviewed. The results of this study could be summarized as follows; 1. Silhouette : The neo hippie style was expressed in slim and long silhouette to show the natural beauty. The hippie chic style was expressed in various silhouettes depending on designer's tastes. 2. Color : The neo hippie style was expressed in strong color and analogous color coordination to show richness of human nature. The hippie chic style was expressed in psychedelic color, multi-color, and fluorescent color to show an unconventional and a future oriented idea. 3. Material . The neo hippie style used such soft, thin, and flexible materials as chiffon, satin, silk, knit, etc. to show the natural beauty The hippie chic style used expensive and luxurious materials, high-technological materials, harmony of different materials, etc. 4. Pattern . In the neo hippie style, it was generally used various patterns including plant, animal, insect. In the hippie chic style, it was widely used the natural pattern as well as the ethnic pattern. The neo hippie style was characterized by the natural beauty, purity, elegance as style symbolizing the social problem, on the other hand, the hippie chic style was characterized by designer's identity suggesting an idea of new style rather than a symbol of the social problem.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.119-131
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were to find the general trends for the psychological well-being of Korean-Chinese Married Women(KCMW), to examine the differences according to related variables, and analyze the effective variables influencing their psychological well-being. The subjects were 337 KCMW over 20 years old living in China. The subjects completed a questionnaire and the data were analyzed using SPSS. The average scores of life satisfaction were higher and depression were lower than the median. Therefore the psychological well-being level of KCMW was higher than that of the median. The psychological well-being level of KCMW showed significant differences according to age, pattern of family and living condition. The life satisfaction of KCMW was influenced by living condition, family value orientations, ethnic identity, and the satisfaction of family relationship. The depression of KCMW was influenced by age, self-esteem, sex-role attitude, and the satisfaction of family relationship.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.452-473
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• 2018

This study analyzed the expressions of racing girl uniforms that promote automobile brands shown at Seoul and Busan motor shows. The results are as follows. In each of the design components expression, the glossy and plain material, the achromatic color, and the dress style appeared most frequently in the uniform design of both domestic and foreign automobile brands. In the fashion image expression, sexy image appeared the most, followed by modern image, romantic image, active image, elegance image and ethnic image. Based on the analysis results, the following expressive characteristics were identified: First, sexy images were used in uniform design to express the streamline and speedy feeling of a car metaphorically. Second, modern image, glossy material, and achromatic color were used for a uniform design to express advanced technology and the future orientation of an automobile. Third, fashion images that match the automobile type emphasized the brand image of the car. Fourth, some of the manufacturers that prevailed in the automobile market promoted several automobile brands exhibited with a unified uniform design that expressed the design philosophy and concept. As such, the motor show racing girl uniform contributed to promoting automobile brand identity and the automobile industry.

• 한국어교육
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.49-78
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the effect of attitudes of Korean residents in Japan towards learning the Korean language and their motivational intensity on their Korean proficiency. Data for this study came from a survey on language use of Korean residents in Japan which was conducted in 2016, and questionnaire items referred to language attitude, language use and the degree of understanding language; language use; language learning and Korean ethnic identity. The main results are as follows. First, there were significant differences in Korean language proficiency depending on age, education levels and generation. Second, the control for socio-demographic characteristics, the influence of attitudes towards Korean language on Korean proficiency was statistically significant. However, Korean proficiency was not significantly influenced by motivational intensity. Lastly, moderated effects of immigrant generation in the relation between Korean language attitudes and Korean proficiency were significant. Therefore, the effect of Korean language attitudes on Korean proficiency was more influential on second and third generation Korean-Japanese learners than first generation Korean-Japanese learners. Based on these results, this study suggests that in order to promote Korean language education for Korean residents in Japan, it is required to build positive attitudes toward Korean language, and to consider immigrant generation as a major factor.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.185-212
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• 2011

The faith in St. Mary of Guadalupe is supposed to be concerned not as reminiscence of historical events or legends, but organic product of having nowness. It's an organism that can not be stay in a fixed type. From the perspectives of syncretism the coexistence of heterogeneous elements (Symbiosis) between Catholicism and Aztec's religion has been changed constantly depending on the necessity and function of the subjects who have dreamed the social integration. It's fundamentally clear that the faith in St. Mary of Guadalupe is still valid phenomenon in the modern Mexican society and that the faith is an aspect of popular catholicism which includes the remaining elements of the religion of the Aztecs. This is to understand the meanings of the perception of the contemporary mexicans on the phenomenon for the faith in St. Mary of Guadalupe. Through in-depth interviews, it is revealed that a high rate of sharing of the information does not mean the proportional acceptance of the history. It's a interesting point to see that the mexicans consider the faith in St. Mary of Guadalupe catholic belief, having a feeling of strong tie between themselves and the Aztec's religion. In spite of the historical conflicts over the veracity of St. Mary of Gaudalupe, the majority of the contemporary mexicans consider the faith positive element to consolidate the nationality and socio-cultural identity of $M{\acute{e}}xico$ against the socio-political and ethnic conflicts in the Mexican Society.

• 영미문화
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.65-92
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• 2018

According to Wenying Xu, Asian American literature abounds in culinary metaphors and references (8); subsequently, a growing number of critics have begun to recognize that food "feeds into the literary rendering of Asian American subjectivity [and] provides a language through which to imagine Asian alterity in the American imagination" (Mannur 13). Ann Mah's Kitchen Chinese: A Novel about Food, Family, and Finding Yourself (2010) is yet another text within which to investigate how food "operates as one of the key cultural signs that structure people's identities" (Xu 2). Even as Kitchen Chinese insists on underscoring that Chinese food, as much as the voyage to her "motherland" China, is critical to protagonist Isabelle's quest to gain a better understanding of herself, we are able to observe how Isabelle exploits Chinese culture and its foodways as "food pornography" in order to align herself with mainstream America. Needless to say, the novels' relegation of Chinese food as "food porn" is problematic in that it encourages readers to participate in the exoticization of Asia and its culture, and the reduction of its people as the other. Ultimately, this essay aims to consider how the consumption and rejection of food becomes a critical means by which the Asian American subject fashions her identity.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.685-698
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• 1996

1975년 베트남 공산화 이후 본격적으로 이루어진 베트남인들의 미국 이민은 짧은 기간동안 대규모로 진행되어 1991년 현재, 약 850,000명에 이르고 있다. 그들의 다문화사회로의 인구이동과 문화적 적응의 문제는 그 동안 사회과학계의 쟁점으로 부상하여 적지 않은 연구들이 이루어 졌다. 그러나 대부분의 연구들은 베트남 이민집단을 단순히 미국 다문화사회의 여러 민족집단들 중 하나의 하위민족으로, 즉 주류집단의 관점에서 다루고 있다. 어떻게 하위민족으로서 미국사회에 편입되고 있는가?, 어떻게 새로운 장소에 정착하고 그 장소를 고유하게 창조해 나고 있는가? 등의 문제를 베트남인 자신의 입장에서 개진한 연구는 매우 적은 실정이다. 본 연구는 미국 루이지애나주 배톤루즈시 근교의 베트남 불교사원 신도들의 생활과 적응전략을, 즉 새로운 장소에서의 사회환경과 문화적 정체성 형성과정과의 관계를 민속지적 연구방법을 통하여 다루고 있다. 참여관찰과 인터뷰는 1992년 9월부터 11월 사이에 실시되었다. 남부루이지애나, 배톤루즈시, 그리고 불교사원, Chua Tu-Bi(慈悲寺)는 베트남 이민집단과 주류문화집단과의 상호교류의 장으로서 일종의 공간적 텍스트이다. 불교사원은 베트남인들의 내적 평화를 연마하는 종교적 목적을 달성키 위해 그들 자신들의 손으로 건조되었다. 현세의 모든 고통을 부의 추구와 같은 인간 자신의 욕망에 기인하는 것으로 간주하는 불교이념은 직관적 사고와 자기성찰을 통한 정신적 풍요를 추구한다. 이러한 불교의 가치는 프로테스탄트 이념에 바탕을 둔, 물질적 풍요를 위한 근로정신을 강조하는 미국적 가치와 어긋난다. 이러한 베트남 불교의 중교적 특징은 변화된 새로운 환경에서 재창조되어 오히려 그들의 적응전략으로서 기능한다. 사회, 경제적 차별을 극복하기 위해 그들은 경제적 부의 축적을 통한 계층상승만이 최선의 방법이라고 생각하고 있다. 불교사원은 그들이 불교이념을 연마하는 장소이기도 하지만, 동시에 현실세계에서 주류집단의 이념을 따르면서 겪게되는 정신적 피로를 위로 받는 장소이기도 하다. 불교의 정신적 풍요라는 가치가 주류사회의 가치와 전략적으로 혼합되어 변화된 현실에의 적응에 공헌을 하고 있는 것이다. 그러나 더욱 중요한 것은 불교를 통한 동족집단의 결속망이 이중노동시장이라는 미국사회의 불평등한 경제 구조를 극복할 수 있는 기반을 제공하고 있다는 점이다. 주류집단의 외부적 범주화에 의한 격리(segregation)를 그들은 내부적 범주화를 통한 응집(congregation)으로 승화시켜 계층상승의 도약대로 삼고 있다. 불교사원은 베트남 이민자들간의 상호 결속을 도모함으로써 그들의 정체성을 공고하게 해주는 역할을 하고 있다. 또한 불교사원은 주류집단이 자신들의 문화적 정체성을 인정하고 있고, 따라서 자신들도 미국사회에 통합되어 있다는 확신을 갖게 하는 일종의 가시적 상징이다. 그러나 다문화사회로의 국제인구이동을 통한 권력관계의 변화가 그들로 하여금 하위집단으로서 생존할 수 있는 전응전략을 창출해 내게 하였고, 그 과정에서 정체성의 변화는 필연적이라 하겠다. 민족정체성은 사회공간적 현상과 밀접히 연결되어 있는 가변적 현상인 것이다.