• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 여주열매의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물에서 기능성화장품소재로서의 가능성을 검토하였다. 여주열매의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물은 유효성분으로 폴리페놀의 함량이 각각 $69.45{\pm}0.07mg/g$, $70.87{\pm}0.06mg/g$로 높은 농도를 나타내었다. 여주열매의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물은 세포독성시험(MTT assay) 결과, $100{\sim}1,000{\mu}g/ml$ 범위의 농도에서 전혀 세포독성을 나타내지 않았다. 미백효과 시험결과 tyrosinase 억제능은 대조군인 arbutin 보다는 다소 낮았으나, DOPA 산화억제효과는 arbutin 보다 우수하였다. 주름개선 효과는 elastase 억제효과로 평가되었으며 열수 및 에탄올 추출물은 대조군인 adenosine 보다는 다소 떨어졌으나 농도가 증가할수록 비슷한 수치를 보여주었다. 여주열매 추출물을 함유한 액제 및 로션제의 온도 안정성 시험결과, 액제는 28일 동안 pH, 점도, 외관의 변화가 안정적이었으나 로션 제형의 경우 점도의 변화가 심하여 제형의 보완이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 여주열매의 열수 및 에탄올 추출물은 필요에 따라 미백 혹은 주름개선 기능성화장품소재로서 높은 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2007

Objective : In this study, anti-oxidant and cosmeceutical activities of Isatis tinctoria L. extracted from water, ethanol and supercritical fluid condition were confirmed to investigate cosmeceutical activities for utilization as cosmetic ingredient. Methods: Anti-oxidant and cosmeceutical activities were investigated by using electron donating ability, xanthine oxidase, tyrosinase, astringent effect. Result : Isatis tinctoria L. extracts by supercritical fluid, water and ethanol showed good electron donating ability which were 82.7%, 62.6% and 44.8% at the concentration at 1,000ppm, respectively. Xanthine oxidase activity related with purine metabolism was inhibited by ethanol extract about 52.3% at the concentration at 1,000ppm. Tyrosinase inhibition effects, by supercritical fluid extract, ethanol extract and water extract, were 83.3%, 52.9% and 41.2% respectively at 1,000ppm. In the measurement of astringent effect, supercritical fluid extract at the concentration to 5,000ppm showed 85.7% in related activity. The water extract showed 95.9% nitrite scavenging activity at 5,000ppm. Conclusion : According to these results, it is possible that the extract of Isatis tinctoria L. can be used as a new natural material of cosmetic industry.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.518-526
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• 2015

Objectives This study investigated the effect of purified safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Linne) and safflower seed (Carthamus tinctorius L. seed; CS) extract, using hot water and ethanol extract methods , on the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3E1 cells.Methods The safflower and safflower seed were extracted with hot water and ethanol. The samples were concentrated by a rotary evaporator and then freeze-dried using a freeze-dryer. The MC3T3E1 cells were propagated and maintained in DMEM (Gibco) containing 10% FBS and a 1% antibiotic antimycotic solution. To induce osteogenic differentiation, the cells were treated for 14 days with DMEM with 10 mM β-glycerophosphate and 50 μM ascorbic acid. Extract doses were confirmed by the results of an MTT assay, and treatment of the extracts was performed in a differentiation medium every two days. The ALP staining and activity were tested after osteogenic differentiation for five days, and after 14 days, osteogenic differentiation was determined by alizarin red S staining. The mRNA expressions of osteogenic-related genes were quantified using quantitative real-time PCR.Results In the results of the MTT assay, all concentrations of safflower extracts had no toxicity in the MC3T3El cells. But in the groups of 100 ng/ml and 200 ng/ml concentrations of safflower seed extracts, the cell viability was significantly reduced by up to 40-50%. So we fixed the treatment concentration of the extract at 50 ng/ml. In the ALP and alizarin red S staining, all extract groups increased osteogenic differentiation compared with the control group. The water-safflower extract group showed the highest mRNA level of Alp, Runx2, and Dlx5 genes. The mRNA level of Ocn, an osteogenic gene related to late-stage differentiation, in the ethanol-safflower extract group increased the mineralization more significantly than in other groups.Conclusions These data suggest that the extract of safflower increases the osteoblastic differentiation activates of MC3T3E1 cells like the extract of safflower seed. The water-extract and ethanol-extract of safflower have effects on different stages of osteogenesis in MC3T3El. Not only safflower seed but also safflower will be useful therapeutic reagents for age-associated chronic diseases such as osteoporosis.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the color image of the natural-dyed silk fabrics. The dye was extracted from pine needle by boiling pine needle with ethanol at $78^{\circ}C$ for 3hours and distilled water at $100^{\circ}C$ for 2hours. The 100% silk fabric was dyed of extract in pH 5 at $90-100^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr. As mordants used were compounds of Al, Sn, Fe, and Cr, color image of pine-needle dyed silk fabrics was classified into 5 factors (pure, gentle, sophisticate, comfortable, pastorale) and the factor pure is most important one of those. Most cheerful image in pure factor was from the fabrics dyed with ethanol extract and then, none and Cr mordanting. Dignified image was from the fabrics dyed with ethanol extract and then, Cu or Fe mordanting. In production, products dyed with ethanol extracts was preferred to those dyed with distilled water extracts. Color image and preference of the silk fabrics dyed with pine needles extracted was affected by extraction solvents and mordants.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2010

Objectives : This study aimed at evaluation of the effects of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on brain edema and aquaporin water channel expressions in the brain. Methods : Brain edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was induced by the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type VII in Sprague-Dawley rats. Then ethanol extract of Gastrodiae rhizoma was treated once a day for 3 days. Brain edema % and water contents, and cell size of neurons in the cerebral cortex were examined. Immuno-histochemistry was processed for AQP4, AQP1, and AQP9 expressions in the brain sections and area % of immuno-labeling was analyzed with image analysis. Results : 1. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced brain edema of ICH induced rats significantly. 2. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced excessive brain tissue water contents of ICH induced rats significantly. 3. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced cellular edema of neurons in cerebral cortex of ICH induced rats significantly. 4. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP4 immuno-positive area % in cerebral cortex and external capsule of ICH induced rat brain significantly. 5. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP9 immuno-positive area % in glia limitans externa of ICH induced rat brain significantly. Conclusions : These results suggest that Gastrodiae Rhizoma reveals protective effects against brain edema and cytotoxic edema of neurons by means of down-regulation of AQP4 expression in the brain.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2022

The antioxidant effects by pre-treatment of Hutgae fruit water and ethanol (30°, Soju) extract on refrigerated eels were analyzed. The antioxidant activities were measured through DPPH and ABTS scavenging effect, values of acidity, peroxide, carbonyl, and TBA. The peroxide prevention effects of linoleic acid and eel oil were also assessed. Regarding DPPH radical scavenging, Hutgae ethanol extract presented higher scavenging effects than vitamin C 5 mM solution (p<0.05). The eel's peroxidation degree was measured through 21 days of refrigeration after cleaning and immersion into the extract solution for one hour. Upon measuring the values of four different peroxide indicators, those of eels pre-treated with Hutgae extracts were lower than those of eels untreated. The POV of Hutgae ethanol extract, vitamin C 5 mM, and the control was 11.1, 11.3, 15.5 meq/kg, respectively. Hutgae ethanol extract showed higher antioxidant activities in TBA value, and carbonyl value than other samples. In linoleic acid or eel oil, Hutgae extract was as superiorly effective in preventing peroxide generation of refrigerated eels as vitamin C 10 mM solution. In conclusion, pre-application of Hutgae water and ethanol (30°, Soju) extract on eels was proved to be competent in stopping peroxidation of eel in refrigeration.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of the bark extract (Ethanol: Water) in the ratio of (3:1) of Rhizophora mucronata (BERM) by intoxicating the $HepG_2$ cell lines with different toxicants viz, $CCL_4$, Ethanol and Paracetamol with different concentrations of the extract were used. The $HepG_2$ cell lines were subjected to MTT Assay for studying the cytotoxicity. Methods: $HepG_2$ cells were plated using 96 well plate in 10% bovine serum, exposed to different toxicants viz, 2% $CCl_4$, 60% Ethanol and 14 mM Paracetamol respectively. The various test concentrations (18.85, 37.5, 75, 150 and $300{\mu}g/ml$) of bark extract of Rhizophora mucronata was added and incubated for 24 hours. Medium was removed after incubation period and 0.5 mg/ml MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) was added and again incubated for 4 hours at 37oC. Then MTT was removed the crystals was dissolved in DMSO and absorbance was measured at 570 nm. Results: The result showed that dose dependent increase in percentage of viability at the doses of 18.85, 37.5, 75, 150, $300{\mu}g/ml$. Te results for the $CCl_4$ intoxicated, at $300{\mu}g/ml$ of the concentration of the extract, the % of viable cells was found out to be 99.6%, for Ethanol intoxicated, 97.67%, and Paracetamol induced, 75.37%, IC50 was $21.53{\mu}g/ml$, $12.61{\mu}g/ml$ and $21.42{\mu}g/ml$ respectively. Conclusion: Thus, we conclude that, the extract possesses defensive effect against different toxicants and can be used as an alternate drug for hepatotoxicity.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.543-549
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• 2012

대청의 이용성 향상을 위한 자료 확보 측면에서 식물체 부위 및 추출 용매별에 따른 항산화 효소 활성 및 항균효과를 조사하였다. APX(Ascorbate Peroxidase) 활성은 줄기의 에탄올 추출물, 잎의 메탄올 추출물, 잎의 증류수의 추출물 순으로 높아 각각 1601.7, 1133.7 및 524.3(Unit/mg protein)을 나타냈다. CAT(Catalase) 활성은 꽃의 에탄올 추출물, 잎의 메탄올 추출물, 꽃의 증류수 추출물 순으로 높았는데, 각각 177.1, 120.8 및 55.4(Unit/mg protein)를 나타냈다. POD(Ascorbate Peroxidase) 활성은 꽃의 에탄올 추출물, 꽃의 메탄올 추출물, 줄기의 증류수 추출물 순으로 높았으며, 각각 27.1, 14.6 및 10.4(Unit/mg protein)를 나타냈다. SOD(superoxide dismutase) 활성은 뿌리의 증류수 추출물, 꽃의 메탄올 추출물, 뿌리의 에탄올 추출물 순으로 높았으며, 각각 90.8, 80.1, 75.5%를 나타냈다. 대청의 꽃 추출물은 Vibrio parahaemolyticus에 대해서만, 뿌리는 Staphy lococcus aureus에 대해서만, 줄기 추출물은 Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphy lococcus aureus에 대해서만 용매에 관계없이 항균활성을 나타냈다. 특히 대청 잎의 증류수 추출물은 Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli에 대해 높은 항균활성을 나타내어 저해환 직경이 각각 30.0 및 24.0 mm이었다. 이와 같은 결과는 약용식물로서 대청의 가치가 높음을 시사해 주었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.527-537
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• 1997

This study was performed to determine the effects of antimutagenicity of Porturaca oleracea L. in Korea. In Ames test, the ethanol extract of Poturaca oleracea L. inhibited mutagenic activity of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG), , 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4NQO), benzo($\alpha$)pyrene (B($\alpha$)P) and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-(4,3-b)indole (Trp-P-1) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. But hot-water extract Poturaca oleracea L. only Inhibited mutagenic activity of MNNG in Salmonella typhimurium TA100, On 4NQO, the ethanol extract 100-1,600$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate of Porturaca oleracea L. showed a slight inhibitory effect of 13-48%, 4-47% in TA98 and TA100, respectively, but on MNNG, it showed higher inhibitory effect of 6-86% in TA100, And the treatment of 1,600$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate of ethanol extract of Porturacea L. had strong antimutagenicity with 74-87% inhibition against TA98 and TA100 induced by B(a)P and with 85-93% inhibition against TA98 and TA100 induced by Trp-P-1. The ethanol extract was fractionated with ether. chloroform, ethylacetate, butanol and water. Among them, most of the fraction except water fraction showed strong antimutagenicity effects against mutation induced by 4-NQO, MNNG, B(a)P and Trp-P-1. Chloroform fraction had strong antimutagenicity with 91% inhibition against TA100 induced by MNNG, diethyl etherfraction had strong antimutagenicity with 92%, 98% inhibition against TA98 and TA100 induced by 4NQO, Chloroform fraction had strong antimutagenicity with 97% inhibition against TA100 induced by B (a)P and diethyl etherfraction had strong antimutagenicity with 98% inhibition against both strain Induced by Trp-P-1, respectively.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.105-110
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• 1996

Mugwort has been known as a traditional substitutive foodstuff and as showing a physiologically beneficial function to a human being. Therefore, effect of mugwort extract in terms of mutagenicity and desmutagenicity was investigated to berify its function. Ethanol extract from mugwort did not exhibit any mutagenicity. On the contrary, inhibitory effects of the ethanol extract were observed on mutagenicity induced by aflatoxin $B_{1}(AFB_1)$, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole(Trp-P-1), 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole(Trp-P-2) and 2-nitroflourene(2NF) using Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay. On direct-acting mutagen(2NF, 3${\mu}$g/plate), ethanol extract showed a slight inhibitory effect of 19.7~22.9%, however on indirect-acting mutagen such as AFB1(2${\mu}$g/plate), Trp-P-1(1${\mu}$g/plate) and Trp-P-2(1${\mu}$g/plate), we observed higher inhibitory effect of 47.9~61.2%, 64.1~70.7%, 67.4~78.7%, respectively. Step-wise fractionation of the ethanol extract was done by using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water to obtain effective fraction. Among them, hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions showed high inhibition of 63.0~80.0%, 77.5~82.1%, and 68.5~83.1%, respectively on the mutagenicity of $AFB_1$ in Sal. typhimurium TA98. Consequently, these results indicated that mugwort extract contains some compound(s) which may show desmutagenicity.