• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2022

Despite the increasing importance of pedestrians and their walking individualities, walking activity time characteristics are yet to be studied. This study analyzes the walking activity time characteristics by group using the Time Use Survey data. In order to analyze the characteristics of each pedestrian group, cluster analysis and correspondence analysis were performed by dividing the walking styles into utilitarian and leisure-purpose walking. Those who did not undertake utilitarian walking were mainly the worker group, whereas subjects who walked could be classified into homemaker and student groups. The peak of the student group appeared clearly in the morning, with a dispersed peak obtained during the afternoon. Although the peak of the homemaker group was not precise, it was confirmed that they mainly walked in the afternoon. The worker group also did not participate in leisure-purpose walking, while the elderly group mostly undertook walking for leisure. These walking activity time characteristics of pedestrians are expected to be applied when establishing related pedestrian policies.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.56 no.9
• /
• pp.587-602
• /
• 2023

Due to climate change, population growth, and economic development, the demand for water in the urban water system (UWS) and the energy required for water use constantly increase. Therefore, beyond the traditional method of considering only the water sector, the Nexus approach, which considers synergies and trade-offs between the water and energy sectors, has begun to draw attention. In previous researches, the Nexus methodology was used to demonstrate that the UWS is an energy-intensive system, analyze the water-energy efficiency relationship surrogated by energy intensity, and identify climate (long-term climate change, drought, type), geographic characteristics (topography, flat ratio, location), system characteristics (total supply water amount, population density, pipeline length), and operational management level (water network pressure, leakage rate, water saving) effects on the UWS. Through this, it was possible to suggest the direction of policies and institutions to UWS managers. However, there was a limit to establishing and implementing specific action plans. This study built the energy intensity matrix of the UWS, quantified the impact of city conditions, external influences, and operational management levels on the UWS using the water-energy Nexus model, and introduced water-energy efficiency criteria. With this, UWS managers will be able to derive strategies and action plans for efficient operation management of the UWS and evaluate suitability and validity after implementation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.168-176
• /
• 2023

The demand for measures to enhance the safety of maritime transportation is growing internationally, and coastal shipping companies are pursuing sustainability by establishing various maritime safety policies. Increased awareness of the safety management system and safety culture of coastal shipping companies will minimize accidents and increase corporate sustainability. This study empirically analyzed the impact of a safety management system (safety policy, risk management, and safety guarantee) on the corporate sustainability of coastal shipping companies through the mediation of safety culture. The survey questions for each variable were constructed based on previous research and a dministered to 204 employees of coastal shipping companies. Analysis founed that safety policy did not have a statistically significant effect on safety culture, but risk management and safety guarantees had a positive significant effect on safety culture, which in turn had a positive and significant effect on sustainability. Furthermore, we found that safety culture has a mediating effect on the relationship between risk management and safety guarantees and sustainability. Coastal shipping companies thus need to systematize and strengthen risk management and safety assurance to increase safety culture awareness, and increased safety culture awareness can also increase sustainability.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.171-179
• /
• 2023

Due to man-made climate change, global abnormal weather phenomena have occurred, increasing disasters. Major developed countries(military) are preparing for disasters caused by extreme weather appearances. However, currently, disaster prevention plans and facilities have been implemented based on the frequency and intensity method based on statistical data, it is not enough to prepare for disasters caused by frequent extreme weather based on probability basis. The U.S. and British forces have been the fastest to take research and policy approaches related to climate change and the threat of disaster change, and are considering both climate change mitigation and adaptation. The South Korean military regards the perception of disasters to be storm and flood damage, and there is a lack of discussion on extreme weather and disasters due to climate change. In this study, the process of establishing disaster management systems in developed countries(the United States and the United Kingdom) was examined, and the response policies of each country(military) were analyzed using literature analysis techniques. In order to maintain tight security, our military should establish a response policy focusing on sustainability and resilience, and the following three policy approaches are needed. First, it is necessary to analyze the future operational environment of the Korean Peninsula in preparation for the environment that will change due to climate change. Second, it is necessary to discuss climate change 'adaptation policy' for sustainability. Third, it is necessary to prepare for future disasters that may occur due to climate change.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.715-720
• /
• 2023

The military is driving innovative changes such as AI, cloud computing, and drone operation through the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It is expected that such changes will lead to a rapid increase in the demand for information exchange requirements, reaching all lower-ranking soldiers, as networking based on IoT occurs. The flow of such information must ensure efficient information distribution through various infrastructures such as ground networks, stationary satellites, and low-earth orbit small communication satellites, and the demand for information exchange that is distributed through them must be appropriately dispersed. In this study, we redefined the DSCP, which is closely related to QoS (Quality of Service) in information dissemination, into 11 categories and performed research to map each cluster group identified by cluster analysis to the defense "information exchange requirement list" on a one-to-one basis. The purpose of the research is to ensure efficient information dissemination within a multi-layer integrated network (ground network, stationary satellite network, low-earth orbit small communication satellite network) with limited bandwidth by re-establishing QoS policies that prioritize important information exchange requirements so that they are routed in priority. In this paper, we evaluated how well the information exchange requirement lists classified by cluster analysis were assigned to DSCP through M&S, and confirmed that reclassifying DSCP can lead to more efficient information distribution in a network environment with limited bandwidth.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
• /
• v.35
• /
• pp.281-292
• /
• 2018

Crowd funding is also called social funding because of SNS that it helps early start-up founder and makers to raise money for idea product production. Recently, the funding platform has recorded high growth rates. As a result, the government in Korea has introduced various support policies for the crowd funding. The purpose of this study is to develop a diagnostic design guideline for product design oriented makers based on the historical situation. The paper writer applied literature survey and expert interview as research methods. The literature survey focused on internet news and previous research studies. The expert interview was conducted for 10 specialist people and divided for the second time. As a result of the text survey, the current guideline was lacking in design and in detail. Researchers have been informed through previous paper that information transfer text and images are important factors for funding success. In the first interview with seven special participants, we made a draft design guideline for social funding with a two-step process and nine themes. We, research and three professional people having a evaluation experience, conducted verification and supplementation for establishing the design guider with a three-step process and eight themes in the next interview. The design guideline for crowd funding, it can be used by money funding manager apart from design makers. Through the results of this paper, researchers are expected to prevent problems and contribute to healthy crowd funding ecosystem development.

• 한국노년학
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.903-920
• /
• 2019

This study was aimed to prepare the evidences for establishing policies on nursing manpower by identifying the relationship among delegation level of nursing activities, nursing professionalism and turnover intention in long-term care hospital nurses. The study was a descriptive survey research that used a structured questionnaire. 146 nurses agreed to take part in the research. They worked in six long-term care hospitals located in A and B province. Data were collected from July to August 2016 and analyzed through SPSS 20.0 program, using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and pearson's correlation coefficients. As a results, first, as for the delegation of nursing activities by long-term care hospital nurses, the levels of delegation of direct nursing activities were 34.63±14.12, and the level of delegation of indirect nursing activities were 1.71±1.75. Second, the mean score of nursing professionalism and the turnover intention of long-term care hospital nurses were 3.62±0.77 and 2.71±0.97, respectively. Third, the delegation of direct nursing activities by long-term care hospital nurses significantly differed depending on the number of nurses in the ward and the number of caregivers in the ward. The delegation of indirect nursing activities significantly differed depending on the number of nurses in the ward, the presence of conflicts and stress related to delegation. Forth, there was no significant correlation of the delegation of nursing activities by long-term care hospital nurses with nursing professionalism and with turnover intention. Most of nursing activities, were delegated to nurse aids, since there were no clear guidelines or legal procedures on nursing activities in long-term care hospital nurses. Therefore it is required to find how to clearly establish positive nursing professionalism and to develop a proper nursing manpower arrangement and the guidelines for the delegation of nursing activities in a long-term care hospital in terms of policy.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.25-39
• /
• 2023

As the scope of supply chains expands globally, unpredictable risks continue to arise. The occurrence of these supply chain risks affects port cargo throughput and hinders port operation. In order to examine the impact of global supply chain risks on port container throughput, this study conducted an empirical analysis on the impact of variables such as the Global Supply Chain Pressure Index (GSCPI), Shanghai Container Freight Index (SCFI), Industrial Production Index, and Retail Sales Index on port traffic using the vector autoregressive(VAR) model. As a result of the analysis, the rise in GSCPI causes a short-term decrease in the throughput of Busan Port, but after a certain point, it acts as a factor increasing the throughput and affects it in the form of a wave. In addition, the industrial production index and the retail sales index were found to have no statistically significant effect on the throughput of Busan Port. In the case of SCFI, the effect was almost similar to that of GSCPI. The results of this study reveal how risks affect port cargo throughput in a situation where supply chain risks are gradually increasing, providing many implications for establishing port operation policies for future supply chain risks.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.207-234
• /
• 2023

Since the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, related studies have been conducted in various fields including industrial fields. In this study, to analyze domestic research trends on the Fourth Industrial Revolution, a keyword analysis and topic modeling analysis based on the LDA algorithm were conducted on 2,115 papers included in the KCI from January 2016 to August 2023. As a result of this study, first, the journals in which more than 30 academic papers related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution were published were digital convergence research, humanities society 21, e-business research, and learner-centered subject education research. Second, as a result of the topic modeling analysis, seven topics were selected: "human and artificial intelligence," "data and personal information management," "curriculum change and innovation," "corporate change and innovation," "education change and jobs," "culture and arts and content," and "information and corporate policies and responses." Third, common research topics related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution are "change in the curriculum," "human and artificial intelligence," and "culture arts and content," and common keywords include "company," "information," "protection," "smart," and "system." Fourth, in the first half of the research period (2016-2019), topics in the field of education appeared at the top, but in the second half (2020-2023), topics related to corporate, smart, digital, and service innovation appeared at the top. Fifth, research topics tended to become more specific or subdivided in the second half of the study. This trend is interpreted as a result of socioeconomic changes that occur as core technologies in the fourth industrial revolution are applied and utilized in various industrial fields after the corona pandemic. The results of this study are expected to provide useful information for identifying research trends in the field of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, establishing strategies, and subsequent research.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.33-45
• /
• 2023

The importance of play from a Children's Rights perspective has been continuously emphasized, and the need for play facilities and spaces has been reiterated. Meanwhile, in South Korea, despite the continuous increase in the number of play facilities, efforts to improve children's play spaces are required. Therefore, this study reevaluated the current regulations and policies concerning play and play spaces from the perspective of securing the right to play. An analysis of the legal concept of domestic playgrounds, related laws, construction standards, and regulations was conducted. The systems and characteristics of the related regulations in the UK, Canada, and Germany were analyzed. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, our directions for improving the system of playgrounds to ensure the children's right to play were proposed. First, a legal definition of the concept and scope of playgrounds should be established. Second, beyond safety-focused facility regulations, there is a need for institutional enhancements to ensure the right to play. Third, comprehensive management of playgrounds is required as a spatial concept rather than as individual facilities. Fourth, qualitative management is needed through specific guidelines and guidelines related to the establishment of playgrounds. These results can serve as a basis for establishing systems and promoting policy projects to ensure children's right to play in various fields, including urban planning, child welfare, and education in the future.