• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.04a
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2005

A suitable representation for the conceptual simplicity of the data in statistics and signal processing is essential for a subsequent analysis such as prediction, pattern recognition, and spatial analysis. Independent component analysis (ICA) is a statistical method for transforming an observed high-dimensional multivariate data into statistically independent components. ICA has been applied increasingly in wide fields of spectrum application since ICA is able to extract unknown components of a mixture from spectra. We focus on application of ICA for separating independent sources and predicting each composition using extracted components. The theory of ICA is introduced and an application to a metal surface spectra data will be described, where subsequent analysis using non-negative least square method is performed to predict composition ratio of each sample. Furthermore, some simulation experiments are performed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.27-32
• /
• 1988

Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis(ESCA) allowes the determination of the elemental composition and the bonding state of the surface atomes in the interface between two materials. In the binding energies of ESCA spectrum, there are zero error, voltage scaling error and random error. Accurate analysis of the intensity energy response functions and accurate calibration of the energy scale are essential to use X-ray photoelectron spectron meter. At the results of the calibration of the ESCA spectra in the copper and cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5kO18) interfaces, the errors relative to the copper are -3.03 eV for the zero error -z,-197 ppm for the voltage scaling error -V and 6.9 meV for the random error -R. The method of the calibration is able to apply for the binding energy calibration of the another ESCA spectra.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.142-154
• /
• 2002

One of the oldest, still unsolved, and often ignored problems in magnetic resonance remains the issue of how to observe undistorted, normal one-dimensional spectra where the frequencies and their relative intensities represent faithfully the distribution of spins and sites in the sample within the magnet. Often distortions in these parameters are accepted, as the price of sensitivity enhancement, or because it is unclear just how these distortions might be avoided. Surprisingly enough, the problem is exacerbated by the use of modern techniques of pulsed Fourier transform NMR. Noise spectroscopy is an approach to solving the problem of distorted NMR spectra, which is largely under appreciated; it promises virtually "unlimited" distortionless bandwidths without costly hardware investments. Nonetheless, its exploitation remains limited. We will discuss why noise spectroscopy belongs in the arsenal of tricks spectroscopists should be aware of, show examples where its use is essential if accurate, quantitative NMR is to be expected, and discuss some recent approaches which extend its applicability yet further, particularly in solid state NMR and in applications to quadrupolar nuclear spins.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2014

Precision farming aims at reduced environmental impacts with increased productivity. Soils are multi-functional media in which air, water and biota occur together and form an essential part of the landscape with a fundamental role in the environment. The requirement for herbicides and fertilizers can vary within a field in response to spatial differences in soil properties. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is widely used today as a nondestructive analytical technique which is capable of determining a number of physio-chemical parameters. The objectives of this study were to develop optimal models to predict chemical properties of paddy soils by visible and NIR reflectance spectra. Total of 60 soil samples were collected in spring from 20 paddy fields within central regions in Korea. Reflectance spectra, moisture contents, pH, total nitrogen (N), organic matter, available phosphate ($P_2O_5$) of soil samples were measured. The reflectance spectra were measured in wavelength ranges of 400-2,500 nm with 2 nm interval. The method of partial least square (PLS) analysis was used to determine the soil properties. The PLS analyses showed good correlation between predicted and measured chemical properties of paddy soils in the wavelength range of 1,800-2,400 nm. Especially, it showed better performance than the previous results which used the entire wavelength range of the spectrophotometer, without considering the optimal wavelength of each soil properties.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.934-942
• /
• 1998

$^13CO$ chemisorbed on platinum particles in L-zeolite has been investigated by static and magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. The representative spectra are composed of a broad asymmetric peak with a center of gravity at 230±30 ppm and a sharp symmetric peak at 124±2 ppm which is tentatively assigned to physisorbed $CO_2$, on inner walls of L-zeolite. Overall, the broad resonance component is similar to our previous results of highly dispersed (80-96%) CO/Pt/silica or CO/Pt/alumina samples, still showing metallic characters. The principal difference is in the first moment value. The broad peak in the spectra is assigned to CO linearly bound to Pt particles in the L-zeolites, and indicates a distribution of isotropic shifts from bonding site to bonding site. The NMR results reported here manifest that the Pt particles inside of the L-zeolites channels are not collectively the same with the ones supported on silica or alumina with similar dispersion in terms of Pt particle shape and/or ordering of Pt atoms in a particle. As a result, Pt particles of CO/Pt/L-zeolite were agglomerated accompanying CO desorption upon annealing. There were no definite changes in the NMR spectra due to differences of exchanged cations. Comparison of our observation on CO/Pt/L-zeolite with Sharma et al.'s reveals that even when the first moment, the linewidtb, and the relaxation times of the static spectra and the dispersion measured by chemisorption are similar, the properties of Pt particles can be dramatically different. Therefore, it is essential to take advantage of the strengths of several techniques together in order to interpret data reliably, especially for the highly dispersed samples.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.48 no.1
• /
• pp.183-195
• /
• 2011

In this paper we show that Helton class preserves the nilpotent and finite ascent properties. Also, we show some relations on non-transitivity and decomposability between operators and their Helton classes. Finally, we give some applications in the Helton class of weighted shifts.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2001.02a
• /
• pp.104-105
• /
• 2001

Recently, plasma injection has been suggested as a means to enhance and control combustion rates of propellant materials. It is also of interest for applications in fields such as rocket propulsion, electrothermal-chemical (ETC) launchers, and hypersonic mass acceleration technology. In order to characterize the plasma fundamental measurements such as the plasma excitation temperature and electron number density are essential. (omitted)

• 전기의세계
• /
• v.30 no.8
• /
• pp.517-524
• /
• 1981

Thermally stimulated currents have been obtained from five kinds of polymer electrets. The peak current (I$_{m}$) and the peak temperature (T$_{m}$) of the TSC, particularly at PET thermoelectret, were found to depend on the forming field and the forming temperature. From these experimental results, the TSC spectra can be easily explained by the consideration of the disorientation of dipoles related with glass transition temperature. The obtained results can suggest that the forming field and the forming temperature plays an essential role for charge stability in PET thermoelectrets.ets.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.402.2-402.2
• /
• 2002

An algorithm for finding the best regression models has been developed using NIR spectral data. In cases of regression analysis for quantitation with NIR spectral data, it is very critical to find essential features from the spectral data. This task was accessed in two ways. The first one was to use all-possible combinations of varibles (wavelengths). Correlation coefficients at each spectral points were calculated to get initial set of variables and all of the possible combinations of variable sets were tested with SEC. SEP and/or $R^2$. (omitted)

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.217-223
• /
• 2003

Let $\cal{K}$ be the extension Hilbert space of a Hilbert space $\cal{H}$ and let $\Phi$ be the faithful $\ast$-representation of $\cal{B}(\cal{H})$ on $\cal{k}$. In this paper, we show that if T is an irreducible ${\omega}-hyponormal$ operators such that $ker(T)\;{\subset}\;ker(T^{*})$ and $T^{*}T\;-\;TT^{\ast}$ is compact, then $\sigma_{e}(T)\;=\;\sigma_{e}(\Phi(T))$.