• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.343-353
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• 2017

In the present study, the isolation of selenium (Se)-enriched bacteria from rumen fluid and hot spring water was carried out. Rumen fluid samples were taken from cannulated goats fed a basal diet and the water samples were collected from Selayang hot spring, Selangor-Malaysia. A total number of 140 Se-tolerant isolates were obtained aerobically using an Se-enriched medium and spread plate technique. All the isolates were initially screened for the ability to transform the Se-containing medium to a red-orange culture using a spectrophotometer. Twenty isolates of dark red-orange medium were selected for a screening of the highest Se-containing protein accumulating strains using the dialysis technique and icp.ms to measure the Se content. Four isolates, identified as Enterobacter cloacae (ADS1, ADS7, and ADS11), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ADS2) from rumen fluid origin, as well as, one isolate from hot spring water (Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (ADS18)), were associated with the highest biomass organic Se-containing protein when grown in a medium enriched with $10{\mu}g/ml$ sodium selenite. In addition, around $50{\mu}g/100{\mu}g$ of the absorbed inorganic Se was accumulated as an organic form. Organic Se-containing protein in all the selected strains showed antioxidant properties in the range of 0.306 to 0.353 Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) mg/ml. Therefore, these strains may offer a potential source of organic Se due to their Se-tolerant nature and higher biomass organic to inorganic Se ratio.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 1989

시간 영역에서의 초음파 강쇄계수 추정방법은 일반적으로 감쇄매절을 통과하면서 반사된 초음파 신호의 통계적인 특성의 해석을 기초로 한다. 따라서 선뢰할 수 있는 추정결과를 얻기 위해셔는 대게 충분히 많은 초음파 신호의 샘플을 펼요로 하게 된다. 감쇄계수를 추정하는 문제에 있어서, 이것은 감쇄계수 영상의 공간 해상도 체적내에서 통계적으로 다른 특성을 갖는 많은 스렉클 패턴이 필요하다는 것을 의마한다. 이 논문에서는 스펙클 패턴이 초음파 빔의 정확산함수에 따라 다른 통계적인 특성을 갖는다는 성질을 이용하여 초음파 선행변환자플 회전시키면서 각 회전각도에서 측방향 스캔을 함으로써 통계적 상관이 적은 다수의 샘플틀을 얻는 방법을 제안하였다. 이 방법은 최근에 우리가 제안한초음파 감쇄계수의 추정을 위한 엔트로피 방법과 결합되어 감쇄계수추정의 정확성을 증가시카고 공간해상도를 줄얼 수 있다. 인체의 연조직과 유사한 특성을 갖는 팬텀을 제작한 후 실험을 통하여 제안한 방법의 타당성을 검증하도록 하겠다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.373-380
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 도로터널 환기시설 설계기준에 의한 소요환기량 산정 시 오염물질의 기준배출량을 환경부 고시기준에 대해 산정하여 차종별, 속도별로 산정된 기준배출량을 모델터널에 적용하여 시뮬레이션 한 결과 기존의 배출량 기준 적용에 대해 소요환기량은 약 49%로 감소되었다. 또한 터널 내 유동손실로서 작용하는 변수 중 터널마찰계수와 입구저항계수 및 등가저항면적을 통계적 분석기법을 이용하여 이들 계수 중 터널의 환기량 산정에 가장 민감하게 영향을 미치는 인자가 마찰계수이며 시뮬레이션을 통해 실제 적용 가능한 계수 범위가 0.018에서 0.021의 값으로 보정될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 검증사례로서 4개소의 터널에 적용하였을 때, 최대 약 19.2%의 소요환기량 감소가 예상되며 이에 대해 기존의 설계운용 중인 Jet Fan 설치 대수의 산정에 있어 감소될 수 있으며, 약 연간 운용비용의 저감에 적용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제5권8호
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• pp.889-897
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• 1999

This paper deals with a problem searching a target transfer function to meet the time-domain specifications for feedback system with given plant transfer function. For the Type I system, we first define three forms of transient response to unit step input, which are named by F, M, S-type. These are charaacterized as follows ; F-type has fast initial response and slow approach to the steady sate after reaching at 90% of the steady state value, S-type has slow initial response but fast approach to the steady state, and M-type is denoted by highly smooth response between F-type and S-type. Three prototypes corresponding to each form are proposed, time. For the order $n{\geq}4$, after determining admissible root structures of target characteristic polynomials empirically and expressing such polynomial coefficients by using special parameters ${\gamma}_i$ and $\epsilon$, the optimal prototypes that minimize the integral of the squared of the modified errors(ISME) have been obtained. Since the step responses of these prototypes have almost same wave forms irrespective to the order, the desired settling time or the rise time can be converted into the equibalent time constant $\tau$ and thus it is easy to obtain a target transfer function. It is shown through a design example that the present prototype is very useful for meeting the time-domain specifications and has been compared with different methods with a viewpoint of pertinence.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.560-570
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of diabetic foot care education for the older adults with low health literacy. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest was used. The participants who were diagnosed with diabetes, were adults over 65 years old at the welfare center of Y and B city. They were divided into the experimental group (n=32) and the control group (n=31). Inclusion criteria were a score of 5 or under on the Short form of Korean Functional Health Literacy Test and 24 or more on the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination. Foot care education was conducted in a small group for 40 minutes, once a week, for three weeks. The education materials are composed of an easy term, picture and photographs to understand easily. Results: The scores of diabetic foot care knowledge (t=4.57, p<.001), foot care self-efficacy (t=6.07, p<.001), and foot self-care behavior (t=4.18, p<.001) were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group. Foot health status was not significantly improved. Conclusion: The findings indicate that this education program can be used as a nursing intervention improving foot care knowledge, foot care self-efficacy, and foot self-care behavior in order to prevent the diabetic foot problems of elderly diabetic persons with low health literacy.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.29-41
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 연약한 점토층과 모래지반으로 이루어진 2층지반의 지지력을 구하기 위하여 비교적 간단한 강도정수평균법을 적용하였다. 강도정수평균법의 오차를 줄이기 위해, 강도정수평균을 취할 한계깊이를 정의하는 식을 유도하고, 수치해석(FLAC)을 이용하여 보정하였다. 그리고 그 결과를 무차원차트로 나타내었다. 본 논문에서 제안된 무차원차트를 이용하여 구한 2층지반의 지지력과 Satyanarayana ＆ Grag, Sreenivasulu, Meyerhof & Hnna 등이 제안한 기존의 연구결과와 비교 및 검토를 수행하였다, 강도정수평균법은 하부지반을 대표할 수 있는 물성을 구하고, 기초하부를 단층지반으로 가정한 후 기존의 지지력계수를 사용하게 된다. 본 논문에서 기존의 제안된 지지력계수 중에서 Vesic이 제안한 지지력계수를 사용하는 것이 수치해석에 근접하였고, 강도정수평균을 취할 한계깊이를 기초폭의 약 2배로 가정한 Satyanarayana & Grag의 방법과 기초 파괴시 형성되는 강체쐐기의 크기$[0.5B\; tan(45+\phi_1/2)]$로 가정한 Sreenivasulu방법은 과다한 지지력이 산정되는 결과를 보였다. 그리고 기초연단에서 수직면을 따라 수동파괴 상태가 형성되는 것으로 가정한 Heyerhof & Hanna의 결과와 본 연구에서 제안한 방법은 비교적 잘 일치하였다. 따라서, 제안된 무차원차트를 이용하여 연약한 점토층 위에 놓인 모래지반의 지지력을 근사적으로 예측할 수 있다는 결론을 얻었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.358-361
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• 2002

Self-aligned MOSFETS using a polysilicon gate are widely fabricated in silicon technology. The polysilicon layer acts as a mask for the source and drain implants and does as gate electrode in the final product. However, the usage of polysilicon gate as a self-aligned mask is restricted in fabricating SiC MOSFETS since the following processes such as dopant activation, ohmic contacts are done at the very high temperature to attack the stability of the polysilicon layer. A metal instead of polysilicon can be used as a gate material and even can be used for ohmic contact to source region of SiC MOSFETS, which may reduce the number of the fabrication processes. Co-formation process of metal-source/drain ohmic contact and gate has been examined in the 4H-SiC based vertical power MOSFET At low bias region (<20V), increment of leakage current after RTA was detected. However, the amount of leakage current increment was less than a few tens of ph. The interface trap densities calculated from high-low frequency C-V curves do not show any difference between w/ RTA and w/o RTA. From the C-V characteristic curves, equivalent oxide thickness was calculated. The calculated thickness was 55 and 62nm for w/o RTA and w/ RTA, respectively. During the annealing, oxidation and silicidation of Ni can be occurred. Even though refractory nature of Ni, 950$^{\circ}C$ is high enough to oxidize it. Ni reacts with silicon and oxygen from SiO$_2$ 1ayer and form Ni-silicide and Ni-oxide, respectively. These extra layers result in the change of capacitance of whole oxide layer and the leakage current

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1998

본 연구는 LNG냉열활용을 위해 초저온 열교환시스템을 제작하고 액화질소와 에틸렌-글리콜 수용액을 작동유체로 사용하여 증발 열전달 특성실험을 수행하였다. 초저온 열교환기는 2중관식 열교환기이며, 내부관 지름이 8, 15 mm이며 길이는 6m이다. wire-coil inserts를 사용하여 열전달촉진 성능평가를 수행하였다. 액화질소와 에틸렌-글리콜 수용액의 출입구 온도, 벽면온도, 유량, 압력을 측정하였고, 이를 증발 열전달계수와 누셀트수를 계산하는데 사용하였다. 열전달상관식을 누셀트수, 프란틀수와 등가레이놀즈수의 멱법칙관계로 제안하였고, 그 결과 열전달촉진관이 평활관보다 2.5 ${\~}$ 5.5배정도 열전달이 증가되었다. 이 상관식을 이용하여 LNG냉열이용을 위한 초저온 2중관 열교환기를 설계하였고, 그 결과로 제시하였다.

• 복식
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The cultures and traditions of Asia has the roots so deep and it is the origin of inspiration. Therefore, it is easy to find a different inspiration when designing, expecially for Western designers who are seeking European tradition and its comparison. The most distinctive feature of the Asian look is non-structural and has no clear form close to the structure of the body or mathematical ratio, but is steric with 2-Dimensional planed textiles, and has a flexible, non-structural formative characteristic related to the movable body. This is base on the vision of the universe that regards the parts as the whole. From this research, generally studying about the Asian look and its non-structural formative characteristics. The study looked closely into the aesthetic value of non-structural formative characteristics formation, with basis on the large dress regulation system of the western reasoning and rationalism and mechanism. At first, my study pointed on the dressing functionalism or Neo-classism considering emotions, Anti-Western aspect observing surrealism dressing and expressionism dressing. Second, with men and women showing similar outer shape without the equivalent element such from wearing a corset, the sexism is abolished. Finally, the designers’ inner intention of art is being delivered, from the aspect that the expression of art, size and no waste of fabric shows effort of communicating with the world, giving value to the possibility of continuance.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.40-46
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• 1989

Recently, the researches on cutting the new material have been done for development of aerospace industrial engineering. Especially, titanium ally is well known as heat resisting, antiwear, anticorrosion and difficult-to-machine materials. Many studies on the analysis of shear angle have been done for improving productivity in cutting these materials. In case of titanium alloy, the saw-toothed type of chip which has wave surface of a triangular form, an eccentric from of a continuous type of chip that is produced in the cutting process, was checked. Nakayama supposed that a maximum shear strewss plane and the shear crack in the free surface made an angle of $45^{\circ}$ .deg. , but it's usually much larger than that. In this paper, the author analyzed the shear conditions of the cutting process in the quick-stopping device with the help SEM-photographs, and measured the hypotenuse angle directly in the photographs of the chips. In conclusion, the author tried to find the shear angle in the cutting process with the saw-toothed chip and compared it with the shear angles which can be calculated from the theories established by others. The results obtained are as follows. 1. In case of the saw-toothed chips, the equivalent cutting ratio can be calculated by using the chip thickness to two-thirds of ramp height. 2. The theory of Ernst-Merchant is not applicable to the titanium and its alloys which does not fractured in accordance with the theory of maximum shear stress. 3. When we cut the titanium alloys which produced the saw-toothed chips, the shear angle can be found with the theories of Rowe-Spick, P.K. Wright and the measurement of hypotenuse angle.