• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.144-152
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• 2007

This study investigated the failure mechanism of RC beams strengthened with AFRP sheets. Total 5 half-scale RC beams were constructed and tested to estimate the effectiveness of various methods to prevent the debonding failure of AFRP sheets. From the experimental results, it was found that increasing bonded length or end U-wrappings does not prevent debonding failure. On the other hand, the beams with center U-wrappings and shear-keys reached the ultimate state with their sufficient performance. The center U-wrappings tended to control debonding of the longitudinal AFRP sheets because the growth of the longitudinal cracks along the edges of the composites was delayed. In case of shear-keys, it was sufficient to eliminate debonding and the beams failed by AFRP sheets rupture due to the sufficient bond mechanism.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2012

Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was used to introduce epoxy groups on the surface of polypropylene (PP) plate, used as a substrate, through plasma-induced graft copolymerization. Emulsion polymerization was applied for graft copolymerization of GMA and was compared with conventional solution polymerization to confirm its effect. Plasma treatment conditions under one atmospheric pressure were fixed as follows; the RF power of 200 W, the treatment time of 30 sec, the Ar gas flow rate of 6 LPM, and the exposure time of treated PP samples in air of 5 min. For graft-copolymerization, GMA concentration, reaction temperature, and reaction time was optimized to maximize the grafting degree of GMA. The maximum grafting degree of GMA was obtained at the condition of 12%-GMA concentration, $90^{\circ}C$ reaction temperature, and 5 hr-reaction time. Analysis results supported that the emulsion polymerization was more effective than the solution polymerization for grafting more GMAs on the surface of PP plate under the same reaction conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.979-983
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• 2008

Planar antennas are very efficient for the use of the out-door data transmission applications due to their low-profile characteristics. But the size of the antenna in UHF band blocks the practical usage. In this paper, a miniaturized planar antenna is investigated for the application of AMR system in UHF band. The designed antenna is fabricated in the form of the microstrip patch on the FR-4 substrate. The miniaturization is achieved by slot-loading on the patch. First, effects of simple slots on the size reduction are analyzed, followed by the design using more complex slots resulting in the reduction ratio of 37.9% in 425.6 MHz and bandwidth of 3.8 MHz. The effort of epoxy coating for the protection is also investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.50-58
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• 1998

Water vapor transmission was tested in water bath controlled by $20^{\cire}C$, 90%RH for T800/AD6005 based composite motor case which made by filament winding method. We detected internal relative humidity of composite motor case by inserting the humidity detector through the head of motor case for the study of humidity transmission through the wall of composite motor case. We found out that this composite material appears the water vapor flux of 2.88${\times}$$10^{-9}$g/$\textrm{m}^2$sec and diffusivity of 7.98${\times}$$10^{-7}$$\textrm{mm}^2$/sec at $20^{\cire}C$, 90%RH water vapor condition.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2013

This research analyzed the acoustic emission signals collected from the pin loading tests and investigated the effect of hygrothermal exposure on the fracture behavior of the pin-jointed carbon fiber/epoxy composites. The composite specimens include: the Base specimen that has not been exposed to any environments, the RT specimen that has been immersed in room temperature water, and the HT specimen that has been immersed in high temperature water. According to the pin loading test, the RT and the HT specimens showed 2.2% and 13% decreases in the bearing strength compared to the Base specimen, respectively. The analysis of the acoustic emission signals showed different fracture acceleration points for three types of the specimens. Furthermore, for the RT and the HT specimens, the event from the matrix crack signals in the composites decreased. This shows the effect of the hygrothermal conditions on the acoustic emission signals. Additionally, upon investigating the fracture behaviors of the pin-jointed composites, the exposing specimens to hygrothermal environments decreases the interfacial characteristics of the composites.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-29
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• 2016

A low cost environmentally benign surface coating binder is highly desirable in the field of material science. In this report, castor oil based hyperbranched polyester/bitumen modified fly ash nanocomposites were fabricated to achieve the desired performance. The hyperbranched polyester resin was synthesized by a three-step one pot condensation reaction using monoglyceride of castor oil based carboxyl terminated pre-polymer and 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid. Also, the bulk fly ash of paper industry waste was converted to hydrophilic nano fly ash by ultrasonication followed by transforming it to an organonano fly ash by the modification with bitumen. The synthesized polyester resin and its nanocomposites were characterized by different analytical and spectroscopic tools. The nanocomposite obtained in presence of 20 wt% styrene (with respect to polyester) was found to be more homogeneous and stable compared to nanocomposite without styrene. The performance in terms of tensile strength, impact resistance, scratch hardness, chemical resistance and thermal stability was found to be improved significantly after formation of nanocomposite compared to the pristine system after curing with bisphenol-A based epoxy and poly(amido amine). The overall results of transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analysis and performance showed good exfoliation of the nano fly ash in the polyester matrix. Thus the studied nanocomposites would open up a new avenue on development of low cost high performing surface coating materials.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.697-702
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• 2010

A WIG(Wing-In-Ground effect) craft flies close to the water surface by utilizing a cushion of relatively high pressurized air between its wing and water surface. This implies that when one designs such craft it is important to have lightweight structures with adequate strength to resist external loads with some margins. To investigate this requirement, this paper deals with the structural analysis of the bottom plate of small WIG craft having a design landing weight of 1.2-ton. As building materials for the WIG craft, pre-preg carbon/epoxy composites are considered. The strength information of the bottom plate is obtained using the first-ply-failure analysis in conjunction with a mid-plane symmetric laminated plate theory. As a result, the first-ply-failure location, load and deflection of the bottom plate are obtained. The calculated strength information is compared with the water reaction load for the bottom plate of seaplanes considered when they land on the water surface -the same fluid-structure interaction mechanism as that of WIG craft. In the calculation of seaplane water reaction load information, the rules shown in FAR(Federal Aviation Regulations) Part 25 are used. Through the comparison, the structural integrity of the bottom plate for the WIG craft is checked.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.312-320
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• 2017

This paper deals with the development of structural test facility for the strength assessment of marine leisure boat built from carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) materials. The structural test facility consists of test jig, load application and control system, and data acquisition system. Test jig, and load application and control system are designed to accommodate various size and short span to depth ratios of single skin, top-hat stiffened and sandwich constructions in plated structural format such as square and rectangular shapes. A lateral pressure load, typical and important applied load condition to the plates of the hull structure for marine leisure boat, is simulated by employing a number of hydraulic cylinders operated automatically and manually. To examine and operate the structural test facility, five carbon/epoxy based FRP square plates having the test section area of $1m^2$, which are part of CFRP marine leisure boat hull, are prepared and they are subjected to monotonically increasing lateral pressure loads. In the test preparation, considering the symmetry of the plates geometry, various strain gauges and linear variable displacement transformer are used in conjunction with data acquisition system utilizing LabVIEW. From the test observation, the responses of the CFRP hull structure of marine leisure boat are understood by obtaining load to deflection and strain to load curves.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2014

Objective: The use of chemicals for building prosthetic sockets present the possibility of being hazardous and unsafe due to off-gassing. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if freshly made materials used in prosthetic sockets causes off-gassing that would penetrate the skin and cause damage to the kidneys or blood. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: In this research, the off-gassing effects during the initial curing process of styrene monomer, vinyl ester resin, epoxy methacrylate resin, benzene-1, 3-dimethaneamine, trimethylhexanedlamine, and paratertiarybutylphenol were analyzed. Acid detection strips were placed inside newly fabricated mock-prosthetic sockets and left overnight in a closed environment to find out if acid was present in the invisible fumes. The plastic was worn by 9 subjects and urinalysis was made after 48 hours to test for any kidney or blood toxicity of the resins. Results: After wearing the plastic cuff for 48 hours, the ratio of protein to creatinine in the urine was raised to an abnormal level in five out of nine subjects. Four out of the nine subjects showed normal protein to creatinine ratios after wearing the device. The results showed that damage to the kidney occurred from wearing the resins after curing in half of the subjects. Conclusions: It is very important to conduct patient intakes which includes the assessment of renal function. Off-gassing in vented chambers may be needed to protect both prosthetists and patients.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.426-432
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• 2021

Injection molding is used in many industrial fields such as home appliances, vehicle parts, and electronic device parts because various resins can be molded, leading to mass production of complex shapes. Generally, the empirical prediction method is used to set the initial processing conditions of injection molding. However, this approach requires a lot of cost and its presented solution is not accurate. In this paper, injection molding was simulated through the Moldflow^TM in order to manufacture the spacer for gas insulated switch. Through the simulation, the flow of the resin with respect to the diameter of the inlet was analyzed. It was found that the process was possible at a higher resin temperature as the diameter of the inlet increased. In addition, through thermal analysis during injection of the resin, it was confirmed that a stagnation phenomenon occurred at the insert portion during injection molding, and the temperature of the resin was higher than that of the mold. As in this paper, if the spacer is manufactured by optimizing the injection hole and the temperature of the injection process based on simulation, it is expected that the spacer can be manufactured with high productivity.